When is the "Circle Movement" of autonomous driving?

(Picture source: UNSPLASH)

Text 丨 Intelligence Relators

Author 丨 Chen Xuanbin

I do n’t know when to start, the autonomous driving seems to have suddenly “awakened”, and began to frequently “appear” at the scene of the international event, becoming an important means for major organizers, technical manufacturers, and even the country to display scientific and technological innovation capabilities.

Before and after the Tokyo Olympics, Toyota's autonomous driving successfully entered the international perspective by this event. Toyota not only provided a large number of autonomous vehicles for the Tokyo Olympic Games for activities, but also opened the commercial operation of L4 -level autonomous vehicles at the Tokyo Royal Sakata.

When time comes to the Beijing Winter Olympics, autonomous driving has ushered in a multi -dimensional application of full flowers at the venue of China. The most noticeable car robot at Baidu Apollo successfully completed a 800 -meter torch transmission as a torchbean. Immediately after, the autonomous driving products of Meituan, Shinkishi, Wisdom, Youbang, No. 9 Company, No. 9 Company, BAIC Group and other manufacturers have all landed in Beijing Shougang Park one after another, undertaking connection, food delivery, security, cleaning, etc. A series of service work.

Similarly, whether it is the Boao Forum that has been held this year, or the extended Hangzhou Asian Games, it has ever made the autonomous driving technology display and services as the focus of the event. Manufacturers have also seized the opportunity to take the international stage and cooperate with the event organizers to accelerate their own autonomous driving technical solutions.

So, behind this phenomenon, for autonomous driving, is this a pre -training of "fixed -point force", or a "pure muscle" Muscle Show? What will happen to the international event frequently, what will it bring to the development of autonomous driving?

Autonomous driving, continue to "enclosure movement"

Before comprehensive commercial applications, autonomous driving often requires a large number of road testing to meet the commercial requirements. Regardless of whether it is the simulation training of the closed venue, or the fixed -point training of open roads, autonomous driving is basically in a clear -border area for testing.

For autonomous driving, such a development model is like a step -by -step "enclosure movement". It first advances in a specific scene area, and then advances to the periphery step by step, and then expands to the city's entire scene.

Looking back at the development of Changsha's intelligent connected automobile industry, this context is clearer.

In 2016, Changsha began to build a national intelligent connected car (Changsha) test area, and was put into use in 2018, mainly providing closed testing scenarios for major autonomous driver manufacturers and various autonomous driving vehicles, such as urban simulation test zone, and urban simulation test area, and High -speed simulation test area, rural simulation test area, off -road simulation test area, etc.

In 2019, Changsha launched the "Two 100" project construction, namely "100 kilometers of smart high -speed" and "open roads for 100 square kilometers city", thereby driving in Changsha to enter the city -level and regional open road testing stage. Subsequently, the total mileage of the test road gradually increased until 175 kilometers, covering cities and intercity areas.

In the process, Baidu's autonomous driving travel service platform radish fast runs within the open road of Changsha for trial operation. It gradually covers the 135 kilometers of Changsha from the initial 50 kilometers, and opened the area step by step. And now the radish running has been issued in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan and other cities.

Similarly, Guangzhou's autonomous driving test area also shows a gradual tendency. So far, Baiyun, Haizhu, Panyu, Huangpu, Huadu, and Nansha are covered. (Paragraph), for the well -known autonomous driving manufacturers such as Wenyuan Knowledge and Xingxing, Xiaoma Zhixing, for passenger and carrier test training.

The reason why there is such a situation is that on the one hand, autonomous driving itself has a certain degree of danger. The division and restrictions of specific test areas are easy to manage, as much as possible to ensure the personal safety of the people in the city. test environment.

On the other hand, at present, most domestic autonomous driving manufacturers favored the "car road collaboration" model, there is a very critical technical prerequisite -the intelligent transformation of roads and the layout of communication infrastructure, thereby forming a vehicle and traffic road network system Coordinated to further achieve the effect of autonomous driving.

As a result, for the current autonomous driving, whether from the perspective of administrative management or the perspective of technological development, the best model is basically "circles" to test, train and iterate upgrade in a specific area.

Another "new infrastructure"

From a technical perspective, this "land movement" is more necessary for the development of autonomous driving "car road collaboration" model.

On the next development path of autonomous driving, the transformation and support of the road will only become more and more important. With the development of autonomous driving down, the "perception limitations" exposed by cycling intelligence have become more and more obvious, which further promotes the idea of ​​optimizing technical manufacturers and local governments to seek optimization from the "car road collaboration" model.

Compared to the intelligent of the bicycle, in the synergy of the car road, through the transformation and upgrade of the road side, it can often realize the overvas and more accurate perception and identification, thereby ensuring the safety level of the vehicle.

At present, key scenarios such as urban intersections or highways, through the installation of laser radar and other road -side perception equipment, the full -dimensional restoration and real -time monitoring of the section scenes is achieved, which effectively improves the traffic management efficiency of specific sections. Then, once the information that is knowledgeable at these ways is feedback to the end of the car, autonomous driving can make good feedback to ensure normal driving. This is the application advantage of the collaboration of the road.

However, such a path also means more investment, especially the intelligent transformation of the road end and the layout of communication infrastructure, most of the time is indispensable.

During the Winter Olympics, in order to fully ensure the efficient and safe services of autonomous driving, China Unicom has deployed a total of 17 5G base stations in Shougang Park, 1 Beidou foundation enhancement station, 30 5G road terminals, 20 C-V2X roads, 20 C-V2X roads The side unit RSU, 55 roadside edge processing units, 40 cameras, 15 microwave radar, 3 thunder vision all -in -one, which basically cover the main road of the entire Shougang Park, which can bring an autonomous driving technology of the amazing world. Perfect demonstration.

As a result, in the "car and road collaboration" model, the development of autonomous driving will inevitably build a necessary infrastructure.

And such a path will inevitably limit the driving range of autonomous driving to a certain extent. It can only stay on the section that has been opened and intelligently transformed. At the same time, because infrastructure construction is more extensive, the overall is much slower than the intelligent intelligent of cycling. The development of autonomous driving will also slow down, and it can only be followed by the upgrade of the road.

Repairing the road is not just a technical issue

To develop autonomous driving, "road repair" is an essential technical project, but this is not just a technical problem.

Of course, the most important thing is a technical issue.

The first thing that must be built is the technical channel of data transmission. Here, in terms of communication technology, both China and the United States have basically clarified the technical route of C-V2X as a direct communication technology for the coordination of the vehicle and roads. Despite the attention, the C-V2X is still in the early stages of development, such as incomplete construction, inaccurate standards, and high costs.

Today, my country is vigorously promoting the formulation of the C-V2X standard, and recently released three new C-V2X standards, namely the "C-V2X Large-scale Test Data Interface Specifications" and "Vehicle and Road Collaborative Road Side System System Technology Technology Requirement and testing methods "," LTE -based car -based wireless communication technology without direct communication positioning synchronization technical requirements and test methods without GNSS signal conditions ".

At the same time, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology also clearly stated in the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" Information and Communication Industry Development Plan that by 2025, the C-V2X scale coverage of key highways and urban roads will be achieved. On the market, technology related manufacturers such as Huawei, ZTE, Baidu, and Gao Xinxing have also continued to follow up to promote the research and development and application of C-V2X communication modules.

The comprehensive connection of such technical paths is essential for the development of my country's autonomous driving industry.

Furthermore, this is also an engineering issue.

As a type of infrastructure project, road construction is widely related, and the difficulty of construction is far more complicated than the intelligent intelligence. A series of issues such as how to repair the existing urban roads, who come to repair, and who will operate, and how to operate the operations are generally difficult to trouble the development of autonomous driving.

At present, the "iron triangle" model of "government+state -owned enterprise platform+ecological enterprise" that is formed by Changsha is trying to answer this question. That is, a state -owned enterprise platform (such as Xiangjiang Intelligent in Changsha, Hunan) is set up between local governments and autonomous driving ecological enterprises to comprehensively be responsible for infrastructure construction and demonstration scenarios.

However, this is only a model for the Changsha area. Earlier, some cities did similar infrastructure projects to autonomous driver manufacturers, and Baidu Apollo had won new infrastructure projects in Guangzhou, Chongqing, Hefei and other cities.

Both different models are currently in the verification stage. What kind of market entity should this project is eventually handed in to operate, and eventually the results of the current practice may be obtained.

Conclusion

In general, with the maturity of autonomous driving technology and the opening of policies, autonomous driving applications have the ability to extend to more cities and scenes.

International events such as the Olympic Games and Boao Forum have high requirements for participating in autonomous driving companies. They can participate in it, not only the embodiment of technical strength, but also attract global attention and traffic. Some self -driving startups can get the attention of the capital market with this, and it is also a rare opportunity to serve the society with mature companies.

In addition, from the "car and road collaboration" model, the specific area divided by the international event also has a natural basic advantage for autonomous driving demonstrations. In a more complicated and standardized real environment, all -round verification of autonomous driving technology is carried out again and again.

At present, the autonomous driving distance is fully commercialized, and there is still a lot of journey. The "enclosure movement" of autonomous driving will continue. During this period, it is more important to cooperate with the policy breakthrough.

Then, before that, at the most noticeable demonstration area (that is, the venue of major international events), a good show is also an attempt to explore future commercialization!*The pictures of this article are from the Internet

- END -