With policy support, the home appliance recycling industry ushered

"Environmental Economy" magazine reporter Teng Yan

The rapid development of the economy has continued to accelerate the iteration of electronic devices. With the increase in the popularization rate of home appliances, the total number of home appliances in my country is also increasing.

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the "Notice on the Organization of the Organization of the Outstanding Action System for the Recycling of Home Appliance Production Enterprises in 2022" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"). Faced with the "replacement of the old new" of the abolition of the appliances, many companies in the production of appliances have begun to actively participate in the actions of the recycling target responsibility system.

"The leading demonstration of home appliance production enterprises will enhance the confidence of the industry and to enhance the power to recycle the system. Pan Yonggang, vice chairman and secretary general of the China Renewable Resources Recycling and Utilization Association The market curtain is open slowly.

my country is at the peak period of home appliances

Data show that my country's home appliances have more than 2.1 billion units, and the expected scrapped volume is expected to exceed 200 million in 2022. The home appliances that some families are using were purchased during consumer stimulus activities such as "home appliances replacing new new replacement" and "home appliances" from 2009 to 2013. According to the standards released by the China Home Electric Association in 2020, my country ’s main electricity use period is 8-10 years. It can be calculated that this part of the appliances have entered the elimination period.

For a long time, my country's home appliance recycling model has mainly adopted the principle of extended the responsibility extension of the producers of the home appliance manufacturers and importers to collect the processing costs of the household appliances and importers.

Pan Yonggang revealed that in the development process of my country's home appliance recycling system, the recovery link has always been weak. Due to the obvious differences in regional differences in waste home appliances in my country, scattered sources, and huge quantities, it is generally universal issues such as individual recyclable recycling prices in the industry, low recycling services, and lack of recycling standards.

At present, my country (television, washing machine, refrigerator, air conditioner, computer) production enterprise is requisitioned for 7 to 13 yuan each in China (TV, washing machines, refrigerators, air -conditioners, and computers, and the subsidies for dismantling corporate funds will be 25 to 100 yuan per unit. However, in the process of ensuring the recycling and standardized development of waste appliances, the profit of dismantling enterprises has not been fully guaranteed. Industry insiders revealed that regular dismantling companies are facing greater profit pressure. At present, the fund subsidy income and expenditure are in a serious imbalance. At the same time, there is a lag of fund remittances to accounts.

At the same time, my country's waste appliance dismantling enterprises even face the problem of cost -inverted costs. For example, the recycling price of a air conditioner is 470 yuan, and the valuation after disassembly is only 420 yuan. Whether or not it depends on the subsidy issuance of national funds.

On the consumer side, my country's consumers' understanding and acceptance of various home appliance products are generally low. Users are weak in "replacement of old new" by users, and they generally have the psychology of "not bad or not."

Mr. Si, who lives in Haidian District, is preparing to move into a new house recently. It is nearly moving. He has made it difficult to accompany himself for more than ten years. "These refrigerators and air conditioners have used the" old objects' for more than ten years. The appearance is already very old, but it is also barely able to use it. It is a pity that people around them choose to sell them to recycling waste products. The hawker. "Mr. Si told reporters while negotiating with the recycling of waste. "If you don't move new homes, you will definitely not change new home appliances."

Experts said that if the home appliances collected by a small merchant, if the color is newer or the problem is not large, after simple repair, they will be transferred to the second -hand market, and the price of a color TV can be sold for a hundred yuan. And some unavailable appliances, useful parts will be removed, and the last part of the remaining part will flow into the disassembly plant.

Why can't regular companies fight for hawkers? Industry insiders said this is mainly due to economic costs. Regular enterprises should bear the cost of operating costs, digestive environmental costs, and pay more labor, transportation and other costs. In addition, the people do not have enough awareness of regular recycling companies, so many people still choose to sell waste appliances to vendors who collect waste.

The weakness of waste household appliances recycling enterprises, as well as weaker consciousness of "replacing the old with the old" of waste appliances, has always been the two major pain points for the construction of my country's waste appliance recovery system.

Start of the Action of Obstaccucting Home Appliance Recycling Objective Action

As early as 2009, my country issued a series of important documents including the "Regulations on the Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management Management" (State Council Order No. 551). Subsidies for the recycling cost of electrical electronics. The producer of electrical electronics products, the consignee of imported electrical electronics products, or its agent shall fulfill the payment obligations of the waste electrical electronic product processing fund in accordance with regulations. "" The country encourages electrical electronics producers Entrusty or commissioned sellers, maintenance agencies, after -sales service agencies, and waste electrical electronics recycling operators to recycle waste electrical electronics products. "

In 2020, 7 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Implementation Plan on improving the recycling treatment system of waste appliances to promote the renewal consumption of home appliances". , Smooth operation, collaborative and efficient waste household appliance recycling system.

In 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Notice on Encouraging Home Appliance Production Enterprises to Carry out the Recycling Objective System" to encourage the responsible enterprises to use their own sales channels and after -sales service networks to carry out waste appliances. Recycling and carried out new activities for home appliances through joint appliances to promote the recovery of waste appliances. So, what are the changes and highlights of the newly issued "Notice" compared with the relevant management regulations issued earlier?

In this regard, Pan Yonggang made a detailed interpretation to reporters. He said that from the perspective of target management, the "Notice" has proposed the number of waste appliances targets, innovative recycling methods, guiding waste home appliance production enterprises to implement full life cycle management, and improve environmental protection efforts to recycle the company produced by the company. Specific action plans, and the responsible enterprises that have completed the complete recycling goals and meet the requirements of the state's relevant management requirements are included in the "green responsibility list" of home appliance manufacturers. At the same time, in the production of home appliances, the variety of renewable resources must be selected to occupy a certain proportion. From a higher level, requirements for the green, low -carbon and circulating production methods of manufacturers have been put forward.

"The relevant management regulations issued earlier focused on the implementation of the producer responsibility extension system by paying the method of paying the waste appliance processing fund by the home appliance manufacturer. Metaphysics and specific requirements. "Mentioning the changes in the new regulations, Pan Yonggang said that the" Notice "put forward higher requirements for the establishment of a recycling treatment system and fulfilling the responsibility of producer extension, strengthening the standardized management and environmental supervision of home appliances, improving the industry to improve the industry Standardized level.

Waste -recycling prospects for waste household appliances

Waste appliances are not only large in stock, but also have a significant growth trend. In the long run, the prospects of waste household appliances are broad.

At present, a total of 109 disassembly companies in my country have been included in the list of subsidy companies in the waste appliance processing fund. It is expected that the annual standardized disassembly capacity will reach 164 million units. For many years, about 600 million waste appliances have entered a regular dismantling enterprise treatment. In 2021, the annual disassembly volume of "four machines and one brain" was 87 million units, and the industry scale effect continued to appear.

In Pan Yonggang's view, the introduction of the "Notice" can fully stimulate the advantages of the diversified recycling of waste appliances and expand the space growth space. From the traditional individual households "walking on the streets", the recycling leads to the business enterprise cross -border cooperation model. The home appliance manufacturers are recycling with old replacement, after -sales recovery, cooperating with Internet platform companies, cooperating with recyclable recycling, cooperating with recycling enterprises, community recycling, institutional (B2B) recycling and other new recycling models.

On this basis, industry enterprises make full use of the resources, networks, and traffic of all parties to conduct win -win cooperation, explore the "Internet+recycling" and EPR (full life cycle management of production enterprises) recycling, Internet+new recycling, renewable resources recycling+recycling+recycling of renewable resources+ Community domestic garbage classification recycling, recycling enterprises+processing enterprise recycling and other independent models or cross -operating models, accelerate the construction of the recycling system of waste electrical electronic products.

Therefore, the degree of participation in the recycling of waste appliances through home appliance manufacturers will gradually deepen, and more waste appliances will enter the standard dismantling system.

Pan Yonggang revealed that in recent years, the industry has obtained a total of about 11 million tons of resource disassembly products, and the direct economic value is about 24 billion yuan. Among them, resource disassembly products such as copper, iron, aluminum and plastic continue to be used as renewable resources, and resource support, energy conservation and emission reduction, and environmental protection contributions are outstanding.

As a large number of household appliances reaches the service life and the gradual promotion of smart homes, the driving force of the majority of residents to update the consumption of home appliances is becoming increasingly stronger, and the recovery rate of waste appliances will be further improved.

After the "Notice" was released, 6 home appliance production heads such as Gree and Haier have begun to actively lay out. In March, Midea's United China Renewal Resources Recycling and Utilization Association, China Reinforcement Resources and Environment Co., Ltd. and other related industry organizations and home appliances recycling and dismantling enterprises launched the "Green Action for Home Appliances" to provide "green recycling+new subsidies" dual discount for profit benefits for profit benefits Users, help companies achieve green and low -carbon sustainable development.

The support of the policy, coupled with the spray growth of the number of hometown, provides business opportunities for the upgrading of consumer services for home appliance companies. At the same time, it has also eliminated potential hidden dangers of old products.

For how to achieve the technological progress of the enterprise and the high -quality development of the home appliance industry, Pan Yonggang put forward his own suggestions.

First, in the construction of the recycling system, home appliance recycling enterprises should be supported by the Internet, the Internet of Things, big data, blockchain and other technologies to integrate recycling information, carry out on -site recycling, operate sorting centers, carry out renewable resource transactions, match the next reaches, Resources reuse enterprises to achieve the integration of online reservation recycling, offline service, goods sorting, transportation, transaction, transaction, storage, disassembly, resource recovery, and recycling raw materials.

Second, the manufacturer can provide recycling information by the platform arrangement of recycling or autonomous recycling, so as to achieve the summary and docking of recycling information, promote the traceability of the entire process information, a wider range of recycling, and disassembling the processing enterprise nearby, and promote the extension of producer responsibilities to extend The implementation of the system is implemented.

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