Deep, wide, and refined!The Sky Tour Space Telescope will reveal the mystery of the universe evolution in this way

With the construction of the Chinese Space Station, the development of the sky -to -patrol space telescope flying with its common rail is also being promoted in an orderly manner. It is expected that after the completion of the Chinese space station, it will be launched and lifts off, which will become the flagship space astronomical facilities that explore the sea of ​​stars.

A few days ago, the National Aerospace Administration announced the first full -color photo taken by Weber space telescope, covering the frontier fields of astronomy such as deep air galaxies. The Hubble Telescope has been running for more than 30 years, and has also returned a lot of photos of the deep space of the universe. Compared with Hubble and Weber, what are the characteristics of my country's sky -to -space telescope?

The Hubble Space Telescope is running in nearly 560 kilometers of near -ground orbit. The main mirror has a caliber of 2.4 meters, covering near ultraviolet to short -wave infrared. For more than 30 years, its research work far exceeds the original scientific goals and has achieved a series of fruitful results.

A few days ago, the first batch of full-color photos of the Weber telescope was run on the second Lagram day point of the day-earth-earth-earth-to 1.5 million kilometers from the earth. The coverage of visible light is to the middle infrared band. The main goal is to search for the first generation of stars and galaxies after searching the Big Bang of the Universe, and study the formation and evolution of galaxies.

After the launch of the space patrol telescope in my country is launched, it will run on a near-ground orbit of about 400 kilometers. The main mirror has a caliber of 2 meters. It focuses on the launch of the sky-to-sky tour of near-ultraviolet-visible light-nearly infrared bands.

Xu Shuyan, the overall chief director of the Casting Optical Facilities of the Institute of Changchun Optical Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: The characteristics of this space patrol telescope is to look deep, wide and refined. On the basis of the same depth and accuracy, its breadth is more than 300 times that of the Hubble telescope. Under the same conditions, the Hubble Telescope can see 1 star, and our space patrol telescope can see 300 stars.

According to reports, the detector of the Hubble telescope camera is the size of the palm, and the main focus surface of the Chinese space station telescope patrol module is spliced ​​by 30 detectors, each of which is larger than Hubble. Among them, there are different filters on the 18 detectors to obtain color images of cosmic celestial bodies in different bands. In addition, 12 detectors are used for seamless spectral observations. On average, each exposure can get at least thousands of celestial bodies. Spectral information. After running, it will become the largest astronomical camera in space.

From development to testing

Two -meter -caliber telescope difficulty is heavy

As the most advanced and most expensive space astronomical facilities in the Chinese astronomy, optical patrol telescope will help to answer many most basic questions in the universe. So, what difficulties and challenges do this telescope develop?

Xu Shuyan, the overall chief director of the Casting Optical Facilities of the Institute of Changchun Optical Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: First of all, the two -meter -caliber optical telescope is the first time in our country to operate in space, which is also very rare in the world. In the second aspect, we adopt a optical system that is separated from the axis, which is more difficult in all aspects of processing and manufacturing. Another is that it is difficult to from the materials. This is also the first time that our country has adopted a large amount of carbon fiber composite materials to form a main component of a camera.

If the telescope is compared to the "eyes" of observing space, then the reflector is the "crystal" of the eyes. The larger the crystal, the higher the spatial resolution of the eyes, and the more details of the celestial bodies can be observed. For a two -meter -caliber telescope, mirror accuracy requires the nano level, and the challenges facing processing and manufacturing are also unprecedented.

Xu Shuyan, the overall chief director of the Grand Candidate Facilities of the Institute of Changchun Optical Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: This telescope is particularly large, ten meters long, almost the same size as a truck. There are many simulated equipment for mechanical environmental tests, hot environment tests, and vacuum environmental tests. It is also very difficult to carry out environmental tests. A device consists of many modules, and now the modules are basically done. The next step is to assemble these modules to carry out testing and calibration test work.

Create flagship space telescope

Reveal the mystery of the universe

If the Hubble Telescope has opened the corner of the universe with high -clear images, then after the launching space telescope in the development of the development is lifted, it will bring human beings back to the entire universe's high -clear image, open human beings, and to human beings. New understanding of the universe.

The main reason why the telescope is placed in the sky is to eliminate the adverse effects of atmosphere on astronomical observation and accurately study the cosmic celestial body.

Scientist Zhan Hu, a scientist responsible for the Optical Facilities of the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: a head of the Castle Space Telescope is to conduct celebration observations, that is, a census for celestial bodies, which may account Essence The Castle Space Telescope is also equipped with many instruments, so it can not only do census, but also conduct fine observations, fine studies or detailed investigations on the celestial body.

Throughout the sky patrol cycle, the sky patrol module will cover a 17,500 square meter of heaven, 40%of the entire sky area, accumulating high -quality data of nearly 2 billion galaxies, and drawing the structure and evolution of the universe. Using the obtained galaxy sample, astronomers can also survey the dark matter distribution map within the range of tens of billions of light years.

Scientist Zhan Hu, a scientist responsible for the Optical Facilities of the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: In the early days of the argumentation of the Castle Space Telescope, he proposed the main research direction of cosmology and galaxy science. ThereforeIt can also cover the research of the galaxy, stars, black holes, solar systems, and even exogenous planets. It can provide extremely rich data for research in these aspects, which is expected to make breakthroughs.(Source: CCTV News Client)

【Edit: Fu Sakura】

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