Evolution of the study of ancient literature and historical materials

The research of ancient Chinese literature is roughly divided into research on the history of literature and the study of writers' works. Both types of studies will involve hooks, booking, identification, and finishing of basic literary historical materials. The history of literature is closely related to the writing of literature. Since the founding of New China, the ancient literary circles have written several outstanding literary history books, which are based on solid literary historical materials. Ancient literature researchers in the new era have the responsibility to write new literary history, which requires not only to absorb the new achievements of ancient literary research from the angle of academic history, but also rely on heavy and solid literary historical materials to organize research. To some extent, the level of finishing, the academic vision of interpretation, and the expansion of the boundaries of literary historical materials have determined whether to write a new history of literature that meets the needs of the times and academic history. Therefore, it has important academic value to sort out the research history of ancient literature and historical materials for more than 70 years, summarizing its research paradigm.

Edited the basic information of ancient literature history

The first ancient literature history after the founding of New China should be collectively compiled by the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) and published by the People's Literature Publishing House "History of Chinese Literature" (1962). The book's "writing instructions" mentioned "compare the development of ancient Chinese literature and evaluate ancient writers and works with more appropriate evaluations", explaining that the writing of literary history works covers two parts: literary history and writers' works. In 1963, the History of Chinese Literature, edited by the People's Literature Publishing House published by the country and others. The "description" of the book also clearly wrote: "The process of narrative and exploring the development of Chinese literature and its laws, to the writers and works of each era with their due historical status and appropriate evaluation." These two ancient literary history works Basically established the attributes and writing of "History of Chinese Literature". Although it has not evaluated and explained the historical materials in the writing of literary history, its judgment on the laws of the development of literature and the evaluation of writers' works all reflects profound profoundness. The level of identification and analysis of literary historical materials.

In fact, at the same time or or before and after the two literary history, the ancient literary circles were consciously carried out the construction of literary historical materials. In 1962, the Chinese Book Company published the "References for Literature History" series selected by the Chinese Literature and Research Office of Peking University, including "References for Pre -Qin Literature History", "References for the History of Literature of Chinese Literature" and "Reference Data from the History of Literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties." In addition, in the 1950s, scholars of the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences selected the selection series of classical literature, including "Selected Poetry", "Selected History", "Selected Poems of the Han and Wei Six Dynasties" and "Song Poetry Selected Note".

The research paradigm represents the representative of the "History History of Literature", which shows the academic significance of literary history service literary history. Taking the selection of the pre -Qin and two -Chinese literature history as an example, the original intention is to cooperate with the teaching of Chinese literature history, and on the other hand, through the first -hand data of comments and the study of appendix works, in order to further study the pre -Qin and Chinese literature Provide reference and clues. The "Reference Data of Literature History" series has a great academic impact, which reflects the relationship between the study of literary historical materials and the complementary relationship between the history of literature. classic work.

Driven by the "References of Literature History", the Chunghwa Book Company organized the publishing of the "Compilation of Classical Literature Research Data" series, and in the 1960s, edited and published "Tao Yuanming Volume" and "Liu Zongyuan Vol." Studies, attach importance to literary historical materials as an important academic tradition of ancient literary research. Looking back at the "Literature History Reference Data" series and other series of books published half a century ago, its academic history significance lies in establishing the basic position of literary historical materials in ancient literary research, making the history of literary history thick and plump, and also affecting ancient times. The academic direction and academic pattern of literary research. Therefore, the writing of new literary history should also be based on the comprehensive sorting and in -depth research on literary historical materials.

Pay attention to the integration of practice and theory

In the 1980s, the study of literary historical materials showed a new academic weather. How to further improve the status of literary historical materials in ancient literary research, whether literary and historical materials can surpass the attributes of the tools and have the subject nature of the subject is a new issue facing literary historical materials.

In 1987, "Literature Review" published the paper "Talking about the Structure of Classical Literature Research" by Fu Xuanzhang, Shen Yucheng and Ni Qixin. The article proposes: "The structure of classical literary research is generally like construction engineering, which can be divided into two aspects: basic engineering and upper -level structure. Basic engineering is the basic condition of various types of special research. Requirements. "One of the specific contents of the" basic engineering "is to compile the" Chinese classical historical historical data research series ". This series of books not only have the research on the historical materials of the literary genre, literary classics, and the academic summary of historical materials of different literary history periods, as well as various types of literary historical records and finishing.

In terms of academic discussion, in the 1980s, the ancient literary circles clearly proposed the concept of "literary historical materials" and "literary historical materials", and the connotation and extension of literary historical materials have expanded. The "References of Literature History", the selection of classical literature reading, and "compilation of classical literature research data" published in the 1950s and 1960s also belong to the scope of literary historical materials, but mostly limited to the scope of writers' works and historical and literary reviews. The concept of "literary historical materials" proposed in the 1980s included all information related to ancient literary research. Fu Xuanzheng proposed: "It can be exaggerated that the classics that include the concentration of history in ancient times are related to literary historical materials. Moreover, literary historical materials should also include today's research results and provide new academic progress clues." ("Chinese classical literary historical data "Study the General Preface of the Series") While the construction of historical materials, "Literature and Historical Materials" also focused on theoretical thinking of academicity and discipline. The study of literary historical materials has shown a new academic landscape from practice to academic theory. Under the advocacy of Fu Xuanzheng and others, the ancient literary circles produced a series of heavy results in the research and research of literary historical materials, such as "The Historical Materials of the two Chinese literature" and Mukhong "The Strategy of the History of Literature in the Southern and Northern and Southern Dynasties of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" co -authored by Cao Daoheng and Liu Yuejin , Ma Jigao's "Overview of the Research Historical Materials of the Research of the Past", Hong Zhanhou's "History of the Book of Songs", etc., confirmed that Fu Xuanzhang said "this set of historical materials will be a literary history book with various genre and various views cannot be replaced by replacement "The point of view (" General Preface to the Research Series of Chinese Classical Literature and Historical Materials "). It can be seen that the discussion of the theory, methods, and perspectives of literary history is very important, but the writing of literary history cannot leave solid literary historical materials finishing research results. The two are mutually promoting relationships.

The academic paradigm of the "Literature Historical Materials" represented by the "Chinese Classical Literature and Historical Research Series", the research paradigm of the "Literature Historical Materials", and the "References of Literature History" series, etc., constitutes the ancient literary historical materials in the second half of the 20th century. The academic map of the study of research largely consolidates the foundation of ancient literary research and promoted the healthy development of ancient literary research.

Building "the history of Chinese writers of the Chinese dynasties"

Since entering the 21st century, the study of historical materials of ancient literature has been further developed, but it has also shown a biased bias that has insufficient theoretical pursuit and research becoming fragmented. How to maintain the balance of ancient literary research and historical data research, the study of historical historical materials to study how to meet the needs of new academic research, and the academic circles have conducted corresponding practical exploration and theoretical discussions on these issues. Among them, the market research that has emerged in recent years is worth noting. The research on the collection emphasizes the study of the historical data from the perspective of the collection department, and at the same time draw on the current emerging research methods and academic concepts. We may wish to refer to this study as a collection of the collection. Its academic significance can be roughly summarized as three aspects.

First, from the "Literature History Reference Data" series in the 1950s and 1960s to the "Literature Historical Materials" in the 1980s and 1990s. While the research paradigm changes, the boundaries of ancient literary historical materials have continued to expand and expand. All those related to literature should be incorporated into the category of literary historical materials, and then the trend of classic dilute and marginal historical materials appears. The collection paradigm has "contracted" the boundaries of ancient literary historical materials, highlighting basic and classic literary historical materials, and the study of the classic text of classic writers to drive the study of overall literary history.

Second, the study of historical and historical materials in the past is mainly the record of literature, and the collection of the collection of the collection of literary historical data is focused on the "sustenance" of literary historical materials. From the literature to the classics, because the collection is the concept of libraries that is linked to the classics. For example, the sub -topic results of the National Social Science Fund's major project "Han and Wei Six Dynasties Collection Literature Integration" and "The Zhenben of the Six Dynasties of the Han and Wei Dynasties" and the summary writing are the first time for the collection of the literary history of the Han and Wei Dynasties. Studies, "Selection of the Old Note" is an innovative attempt to organize the "Selection of the Essays". In addition, the "book" or "classics" consciousness in the collection of collections can inject new vitality into the study of writers' work, update the writing model of literary history, and enable ancient literary research to move towards text records and physical carriers.

Third, in the research department research, the inspection objects are no longer limited to the content involved in existing literary history. Essence of the classics in the collection can make the writers' works on the history of literature, which can be adjusted or expanded, and helps to promote the rewriting and update of literary history. At the same time, it should be clearly seen that the collection of the collection itself is also complex. The study of ancient literary historical materials under the perspective of the collection of the collection of the collection should pay attention to the coordination and unity of various forms and levels.

The use of the collection of ancient literary historical materials to organize the study of the collection of ancient literature should be changed on the basis of pragmatic and new. It is explained by the other collection as an example. Any literary classics have three interaction and restrictions of the authors, producers and readers of the authors, producers and readers, and have lacking any of them. It is difficult for this classic to spread to this day. Research on the collation of ancient literary historical materials may wish to use the writer's collection as the "axis", "History" as a clue, and conduct corresponding historical materials from the three levels of authors, producers and readers, and build "the history of Chinese writers to collect the history of literature". Research system.

Specifically, the author's level is mainly the writer's works and the literatures involved, including writers' peaceful deeds, work creation, and their chronicles. "The clues will organize the data of the complicated writers. At the producer level, it mainly focuses on the activities of editors, publishers, schedules, copies, and printers. It examines the production history and circulation of the collection of works. The basic way is to conduct a version investigation and find out the inheritance of the work collection. The existing literary history works do not pay attention to the compilation, version and circulation of the work of the work. In fact, the history of the version of the version is the physical influence of the writer and the physical evidence of its lifting process. Reading and understanding by a generation.

The reader's level is mainly to sort out the process of reading and understanding from the perspective of reading historical perspective. In the process of series, various types of text records left by readers, such as words, comments, schools, postscripts, reviews, and other forms of reading reading Traces, analyze how the writer's works entered or exited the literary history field through the reader's reading comprehension.

The construction of "Chinese writers to collect the history of literature" will help expand the traditional literary history writing model. This research idea emphasizes the historical perspective from the literature. It can also provide a new academic perspective while combing the basic problems. The new paradigm is also a feasible path to deepen ancient literary research.

The study of literary historical materials is compiled for literary history, which is an important manifestation of the academic value and significance of literary historical materials. Writing a literary history of literature with the times with the times and the academic light of the times is a collective pursuit of a generation of scholars. Sort out the academic process of the construction of ancient literature and historical materials since the founding of New China, summarize the previous research paradigm and academic experience, and stand on the new starting point to continue to do a good job of researching the research of ancient literature and historical materials. The important foundation of this goal.

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Liu Ming

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