Wen Xishang Guo Ancient City site was originally "ancient Quwo"

When it comes to the source of Shanxi, it must start from the Jin Dynasty in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. On this land, it not only carries a heavy history, but also is engraved with the wind and clouds of the Sanjin, magnificent and dignified. On July 16, the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology was officially announced. There was a major archeological discovery in the Guo Guo site in Shanxi. Not only did it unearthed the stone sculptures of the Yangshao period, but also a large number of Tao Fan was unearthed in the early spring and autumn. In the area of ​​Shangguo Village and Qiujiazhuang, there are large sites in the ancient city and cemetery in the two weeks.

With the emergence of archeological results, the history and stories of "Quwo's ​​Dai Wings" on the homeland of the Jin Dynasty became full and full. Essence

How good is the ancient Quwo?

Why is an archaeological site important?

From the history of the Jin Dynasty, there are several words that cannot be avoided in the turning point of its development. May wish to instantly move the time to 745 BC, "Jin Zhaohou's first year Feng Wenhou (uncle Zhao Hou's uncle) became the division of Quwo ... Later, the forces that belonged to the Jin Kingdom were gradually growing, and they replaced the Jin State in the 38th year of Quwo Wugong (678 BC). According to "Hanshu · Geography", the area is "He Dong County Wenxi, so Quwo". The well -known archeologist in our province is also the project leader of the ancient city of Guo Guo and the tomb of Qiujiazhuang, Tian Jianwen, told the Shanxi Evening News reporter that in the past, this land was the second largest city of the Jin Dynasty -Guquwo Essence

The site of Shangguo Ancient City and the tomb of Qiujiazhuang is located on the Mingzuo post between Shangguo Village and Qiujiazhuang in Tongcheng Town, Wenxi County. The total area is about 1 million square meters. Since the 1970s, archeologists have conducted a series of archeological work at the Mingzuo posts in Qiujiazhuang and Shangguo Village.珍 "" Handicker and other precious cultural relics. On May 25, 2006, the State Council announced the "Shangguo City Site and Qiujiazhuang Tomb Group" as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. From 2018 to the present, archeological work has continued to carry out, which is of great significance to in -depth research on Jin culture.

In the academic community, everyone thinks that the core areas of the Jin Dynasty are in Yicheng, Quwo, Hou Ma, Wen Xi, and Yixian County, especially the first three counties and cities in Jinnan. Many big sites in the pre -Qin period. However, there are few archeological evidence of Guquwo as the capital of the Jin Dynasty, and it has become a regret in the hearts of many archeologists. Where is the second largest metropolitan city in history? In 2021, a reporter from the Shanxi Evening News once visited the archeological site of the Guocheng site and the Qiujiazhuang tomb group. In a vast crops, Tian Jianwen and archeologists took root here, and used the archeological shovel in their hands to carefully "read". With the point left by history. According to historical records: Quwo City is here, and everyone hopes to explore the clues of the millennium capital ruins.

Tian Jianwen said: Archeology is "reading the land" and writing history underground. According to Sima Qian's "Historical Records of the Jin Shi Family", Jin Zhaohou will be divided into his uncle into a division, which is now the area of ​​archeology. "Uncle Quwo" is 58 years old, but in terms of "recruiting people's hearts, recruiting vanity", Gu Quwo soon became the second political, economic, and cultural center of the Jin Dynasty. "Wing", the wing and Quwo began the Jin Dynasty chaos for nearly 70 years. Qu Wo Wudong, the grandson of Uncle Qu Wo, defeated the authentic system of Jin Kingdom and replaced it, called Jin Wugong.

If you trace down again, it is full of drama. After Quwo's ​​wings, the emerging Jin Dynasty was vigorous and vigorous. Jinwu was just Jin Xiangong's father, the grandfather of Jin Wengong, and the three generations of the descendants expanded to the country. He has laid a solid foundation for Jin Wengong and Jin Xianggong to claim to be hegemonic princes.

Today, the in -depth deepening of the archeological work of the Shangguo site has allowed history to reproduce and reproduce the glory ancient city of the past. How can it be exciting and emotional?

An ancient Quwo City site is given the answer in the early spring and autumn in the early spring and autumn

The story of Quwo's ​​wings spreads in the long river of history, and the site of Quwo's ​​city has also become the "mysterious" area in everyone's mouth.

According to Tian Jianwen: In 2020, archaeologists took the lead in investigating the shape of the ancient city of Shangguo, with an area of ​​more than 400,000 square meters. In 2021, in conjunction with the first field archeological technology training class of the Shanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, it excavated the location area of ​​250 square meters in the northwest corner of the ancient city. Multiple pieces of Tao Fan and copper slag, carved knives, and a large number of plate tiles, tube tiles, tiles, indicate that this is a large site group containing a city site and cemetery in two weeks.

What is Tao Fan? Simply put, it is mold. In ancient times, if the model casting method was used to cast bronze wares, the "mold" should be designed as a bronze ware. Then, the mud block was pressed to the mold to turn out the "outer fan" and made a "inner fan". In the end Water pouring it. At that time, this was definitely a technical work. It is necessary to mobilize the continuous sources of mineral resources to make a living. In the aspect of Tian Jianwen, the casting of the bronze industry in the Jin Dynasty is definitely in the hands of the country, and it is definitely a "state -owned enterprise." "In 1957, Houma discovered the site of the large -scale Jinguo workshop. There were more than 30,000 Tao Fan unearthed by the casting bronze, which provided a typical specimen for the Jin -style bronze casting technology and technology. The Tao Fan found in the Guo site can be traced back to the early Spring and Autumn Period, at least 200 years earlier than Tao Fan unearthed from Houma. It can be proved that there were large capitals and large copper cast sites here. This is not an ordinary settlement. "Tian Jianwen said that Tao Fan is a symbol of mechanization of the country. It can be said that 200 years ago at the Houma Jinguo site, the Shangguo site entered a stage of high -speed development, just like our modern society, entering the 5G era. The unearthed Tao Fan's site of Shangguo City also confirmed that it was once the second largest city of the Jin Dynasty -Guquwo. In 2021, Tian Jianwen judged that the Shang Guo site may be the "ancient Quwo" important capital of the Jin Dynasty. In addition, more than 1,000 pottery models and relics related to the casting workshop excavated this year can fully prove this seat The ancient city must be "ancient Quwo".

"Quwo Dai Wings", Jin Xiangong's merger of neighboring countries, "Rebellion of Ji Ji", and Jinwen Publicly opened up the Jin Dynasty for one and a half centuries of hegemony. It is self -evident.

A stone carving silkworm pupa is confused about the cocoon of the West Yin site

The charm of archeology is to speculate history and find the truth through every unearthed object. In Wen Xishang Guo's site, it is also full of "surprise". Archeologists not only discovered the relics from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, but also the relics of the Xiyin culture and the late Yangshao era, which shows that as early as 5,000 years ago, this film was more than 5,000 years ago. This film was more than 5,000 years ago. On the land, some human beings have lived. What's more, a stone carving silkworm pupae from 5200 years ago was also found, and it was also the credibility of the cocoon of the Xiyin site.

This stone carving silkworm pupae, elliptical, two tips, wide in the middle, 2.8 cm long, and a maximum abdominal diameter of 1.2 cm. The spiral pattern sketch the head, abdomen, and tail of the pupae concisely. The shape is realistic and exquisite. Although it is more than 5,000 years, it looks cute.

Maybe you will be curious, what are the "surprises" of a stone carving silkworm? Will it be a small ornament in the ancient family?

From 1926, Mr. Li Ji, a famous archeologist, known as the "father of Chinese archeology", found half a charcoal cocoon in Xiyin Village, Xixian Village, Xiaxian, who was more than 10 kilometers south of Shangguo Xiluo. He was in " "The excavation of the prehistoric site of Xiyin Village" wrote: "The position of this cocoon buried is almost under the pit, it will not be the later invasion, because the soil color of that side is not disturbed; nor will it be wild wildness; it will not be wild. The worm spit occasionally because it is artificially split. When I first discovered it, I knew this meaning was very important, and I paid great attention to this. But I didn't find the second one. "This silkworm cocoon is extremely precious It is currently preserved in the thermostat room of the Taipei Palace Museum. In the past century, the Yuncheng Basin has never appeared in prehistoric silkworm cocoons. Until 2019, 2020, and 2021, five stone carved silkworms and a ceramic silkworm pupae were unearthed in the Shanxia County Shi Village site. Its shape was like jujube nucleus, with realistic shapes and attracted widespread attention in the academic world. According to identification, the relics that were finally proven to be 6000 years ago have also become the earliest image of silkworm pupae currently discovered in my country.

Nowadays, stone carving silkworm pupae are also unearthed in the Shangguo site, which shows that the Lishui River Basin in south of Shanxi has begun to raise silkworms as early as the period of Yangshao culture, and the inheritance of silkworms and cocoons is in order. Essence "In the past, in the archeology of tombs, we could always find the tomb owner wearing a satin, but how did the silk come from at the time? This is also unknown. Now the appearance of stone carving silkworm pupae shows the ancestors in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, As early as 6000 years ago, I have mastered the technique of nourishing silkworm, which also provides important physical information for future discussion. "Tian Jianwen said that the silk fabric" deserted "unearthed from the Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty of Yokoxian County is the coffin cover. It is the imitation of the dead room of the deceased; and "The Book of Songs · Tang Feng · Yang Zhi" is a poetry work of the Jin Dynasty in the two weeks. It is silk fabric; at the same time, the Wei Guo's "Book of Songs, Wei Feng · Ten acres" in the period has "between ten acres, mulberry people are idle", "ten acres, and the mulberry people are leaked", vivid The scenery described the scene of young women in Sanglin. From historical records to archaeological physical proof, it fully illustrates that the southern part of Shanxi has a developed silk weaving industry in the pre -Qin period.

The stone carved silkworm pupae unearthed from the Shangguo site, as well as the "ancient Quwo", reproduced the history of Shanxi civilization for more than 5,000 years.In the future, many archeological workers such as Tian Jianwen will also start from typical sites such as Xiyin Village, Shi Village, Shangguo, Xiwang Village and other typical sites.A type of relics represented by Shi Village, with the predecessor of the Beishangling Culture and Banpo Culture of the Banpo Culture in the Weishui Basin of the Loess Plateau, in the south of Shanxi to confront, collide, and communicate, thereby generating a unique archeologyCulture is Xiyin Culture (Miao Digou Culture).With this subject, the silk weaving industry composed of cocoon and silkworm pupae is the breakthrough, combined with excellent natural conditions such as vermiculite, salt, copper ore, and iron ore, and the distinctive rose pattern., History of civilization for more than 5,000 years in western Henan.By then, history will be even more bright.

Shanxi Evening News reporter Sun Yiqiong

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