Who do the houses in the county?

This is the picture and scene of many counties: a group of young people who leave counties and townships to go to higher -line cities, but they also rely on their hometown resources to protect themselves and the next generation of life. They hollowed out a few wallets back to the county seat to buy a house, like buying a voucher for a better life, and those houses themselves may be the steel cement that rarely lives.

Wen ｜ Feng Yingxing

Edit ｜ Chu Ming

Deserted

This summer, Wei Yan, who sells houses in Pingyu County, Zhumadian, Henan, encountered the worst sales season in his career. Following past experience, this is one of the busiest seasons of the year. May Day and Dragon Boat Festival take turns in turns. People who work in other places return to their hometown while taking advantage of these days to bring their hard -working savings. They only use about 200,000 yuan to down to a set of houses in the county. More often, people in the county town do not like too many loans, and their down payment will pay more, even 60 % to 80 %. In the days of the holidays, it can sell for 20 days of sales on weekdays.

In the past few days, the sales department will be wrapped in a festive atmosphere. Various small games one round one after another, such as eating watermelon competitions; small gifts such as small cakes and solar umbrellas for free, so as to gather the popularity of the store. Real estate developers will even occupy the circle of friends of the county residents -to repost the gifts, there will be gifts. The discount of the house was minimized, and home appliances were sent to buy a house, but these actions seemed to be invalid in 2022.

When I arrived at Pingyu, a county in the East Henan Plain, the popularity of the property market was no longer there. From the east of the city to the west of the city, the sales department was almost clear. There are sales to recommend a house for me, saying "Hundreds of units sold this year", but her sales department is no one. I am the only tenant in the afternoon of this afternoon.

The local property market has not aroused water for a while. In May of this year, the starting threshold dropped from 30%to 20%, and the interest rate fell again, but Wei Yan frowned. He knew the psychology of buying the people and not buying. "A few years ago, one building was opened, and the client didn't place an order on the day. I said it was okay. I continued to rise next month. When he came again, it really rose, and the gritter had to get on the car." The money of the year is too easy to earn. Most of the real estate where Wei Yan is located will buy two or three real estate, "the money is the same as picked up."

He tried to persuade himself to adapt to the current situation, "a big developer also sold two sets last month." The pressure on the assessment of the house and the company's assessment will come. In the days when there is no transaction, the assessment is also stricter. He has to call 70 calls every day -some people check his call records, and also go to the countryside to do publicity. Most of the time, when he arrived in the village, he could only see a few elderly people without financial ability and returned to return.

More than once, Wei Yan dial the phone out, and the voice of the other end of the phone came, saying that he was still outside, "can't go back", and some people said, "From the Spring Festival to the present, I haven't made money. ? "Wei Yan understood their helplessness," They don't want to buy it, they can't come back. "

What does a house in the county mean? A person in a local system told me, "No house, the girl will not even see your face." He is a county person. There is a 4 -story self -built house in the family, but at the age of marriage and marriage, he has been together for 3 years. His girlfriend still broke up with him without a commercial house in the county.

In the area of ​​Zhumadian, Henan, the growth rate of real estate development in Pingyu County in 2020 was 14.6%, which is the fastest district and county in the city's real estate development. Corresponding to the rapid development of real estate, in 2021, the GDP growth rate of this county was 10.56%, exceeding all districts and counties in Zhumadian.

The changes in economic growth and urban appearance will stimulate the identity of the county people. Local taxi drivers will proudly say to foreign people that Pingyu is better than surrounding counties. "People in the surrounding counties will also come to buy a house here to buy a house. "". But when the night fell and walked to the new city west, the road was wide and empty, and the high -rise buildings were lined with lights. In the old town, in addition to the vendors on the first floor, some communities are even dark upstairs.

Pingyu is a county that is not ordinary, but condenses this picture of many counties: a number of young people from a batch of young people leave the county and go to a higher line, but they also rely on the resources of their hometown to protect themselves. And the next generation of life. They hollowed out a few wallets back to the county seat to buy a house, like buying a voucher for a better life, and those houses themselves may be the steel cement that rarely lives.

The high -rise building stands up, and I don't see a few bright lights Feng Yingxing. Photo

1000000

Pingyu urban area is not large, and the "three vertical and three horizontal" structures commonly applied here. The three east -west trunk roads, three roads that penetrate north and south, roughly outline the shape of the county seat. If riding an electric vehicle is driving along the outer ring of the county, it only takes half an hour.

In this county, there is no obvious boundary between urban and rural areas. It has been walking west along the main road of the urban area, and even without going through the village, you can directly reach the Runan county next door. Just on this road, there are several inconspicuous forks, drilling in, and there are fewer and fewer modern reinforced concrete buildings. The high -rise buildings are connected to farmland. The plains are endless.

There is a saying in the local area, a son of 1 million. If there is a son in the family, the necessary condition for his marriage is 1 million yuan to start funds.

Disassembling these 1 million yuan, the county's house is the primary necessity. A set of ordinary commercial houses is about 56 million yuan, rough. It takes about 150,000 yuan to decorate or buy a car, and finally it is a gift. Most of the time, Cai Li needs to be given twice, and the relationship must be given once, and the day of marriage must be given again, and twice will be given 160,000 to 200,000 yuan. As for the money of Sanjin, wedding photos and banquets, according to the locals, "3.5 million are all small heads." If there is no house in the county, the whole set of procedures behind it has nothing to do with you. The suffocation of this money is bound to the suffocation of marriage and love will concentrate on the New Year. Young people returning home will complete the marriage mating as much as possible at the request of their family members and establish a relationship. Fast speed, you can finish all the processes of proofing and marriage within ten days. There are fewer girls in the village than boys. A local village cadre Wang Huaili seriously said to me very seriously: "You have to start early, late, the girl is picked away."

In this county, you will feel a strong age compression and a sense of folding life. The rhythm of life is rushing forward as much as possible. Sometimes when you talk to local young people about their marriage, some people will particularly emphasize, "I am a legal marriage." In the villages and towns they were born, weddings were held at the age of eighteen or nine, but it was normal.

At the age of 20, Wang Huaili introduced a family with the girl in the neighboring village, and his two sons became home at the age of 20. Now, Wang Huaisi, who is in his early 50s, is already the grandfather of 4 grandsons, and his largest grandson is 13 years old.

During the May Day holiday in 2017, Wang Huai's eldest son returned to his hometown from the outside and paid 250,000 yuan. He bought a 110 -square -meter three -bedroom three -bedroom in the county seat. The young man born in 1990 will plan for his child in advance so that he will not lose on the road of maternity because of the house choosing a spouse after 7 years.

This seems to be a life that is difficult for this family to get rid of. In terms of children's family, local parents have a strong sense of responsibility that cannot be removed. This responsibility and pressure will be directly transmitted to the next generation.

Wang Huaisi's eldest son was originally good. Junior high school went to the best junior high school in the county. High school was admitted to the best school in the county seat, making Wang Huaili very proud. But after reading the second year of high school, the eldest son was no longer willing to read it. He watched his father's hard work -he was still in junior high school, and his father began to save money to build a house in the village. Every time he saved a little money, the house on his own house was dingled a few feet taller.

Because there are two sons, the children's wedding room is a topic that this family cannot avoid after dinner. "My baby is too sensible, and they have pressure on their psychology," Wang Huaili said. But he did not want his son to give up school. On the other hand, he persuaded him. The eldest son dropped out of school and entered the south electronics factory from home. "He distressed me," We are not a family who pays wages in the city. We can only plant food for two seasons a year, and have not been collected for a season. This year is only enough to eat. "

A year later, Wang Huai's second son, who had not graduated from junior high school, also embarked on his brother's old way. Speaking of his two sons, Wang Huaili straightened his waist, "sensible, capable, and there is no problem with children in the city. Sometimes it will not come back once in two years."

Now, the two post -90s sons are running for their children. They want to save their son's "wife" for 1 million. In the local area, 1 million "marriage standards" were specified after 2017, and Wang Huaili interpreted this as "the market". It was also in 2017 that the county's neighbors suddenly set off a wave of entering the city to buy a house, and the house price was one day. Between the neighbors, who bought a house in the county seat, and other boys' families squeezed sweat, for fear that the "capital" that his family would save his son would lose to the market. If there are more people who buy it, the county house has become the "lowest standard" for marriage and marriage.

Although he was not happy, Wang Huai's family could only follow the market.

There were real estate developers who made "buy a house first, and easily be a groom" slogan source visual China

Leave

In order to earn these 1 million, many young people will leave their hometown.

In May of this year, Pingyu conducted a full -scale nucleic acid test in the county. Data released by the local centers showed that all the nucleic acids of this round were detected by 600,000 people. The actual population. In the seventh census of 2020, Pingyu County had a total of 1.1724 million households. In other words, in the past two years, nearly half of the county's population is outside.

This kind of leaving is more of a "pro -help, neighboring neighbors". In the real estate where Wei Yan works, the husband of nearly half of the female salesperson is waterproof in the south. This is also one of the most important pillar industries of Pingyu, which originated from the 1950s and 1960s. In the 1990s, the large -scale urban construction of coastal cities was in full swing. With the labor output of the 250,000 waterproof army, Pingyu also has the title of "Waterproof Hometown".

Waterproofing is not a relaxed work. Although the technical threshold is not high, it needs to be used and smoked. The top of the building is an important area of ​​waterproof, and it can't work in rainy days. Wei Yan listened to the waterproof friends who went out to do waterproofing. His feet should continue to push waterproof coils, and the coils that were pushed were baked with muskets. The sun is dried above the head, the water and gas on the top of the building evaporate again, and the towel rolls on the neck are soaked. The sweat still flows down the eyes. In the hottest time, "the head is planted. " Of course, the income is also rich. Do other tasks, you may earn one or two hundred wages a day, but waterproof, "can earn 450 yuan a day, or daily knot." Wei Yan calculated the account for me. If a family of 4 laborers, leaving a child, the other 3 people went out for waterproof, and could earn more than 30,000 yuan a month. House, "the basic guarantee of life is available." Even more brains, the change from the role of "zero work" to "project" was completed early, which became the richest group of Pingyu.

The mighty waterproof army stimulated Pingyu's real estate solidly. Wei Yan went south to work south at the age of 16, returned to Pingyu in 2015, and began to enter the real estate industry. His first boss was from Shunde, Guangdong. He had a business opportunity in the county in the county. He took a piece of land northwest of the county and named it "the heart of the city." In this real estate, the people in this county saw the model room for the first time, and had specific imagination of the future home.

Wei Yan and his colleagues were carrying a unified backpack on his back, wearing a uniform, and riding a unified bicycle in the county seat. It was a new marketing method brought from the big cities. The sales of the sales bags carried "a letter to the Pingyu people". The envelope is posted on the stamp with exquisite appearance. The letter reads that the Pingyu people deserve a better living environment. They should enjoy a house like a large city in this county, and will establish new landmarks in the county town of Pingyu. People solemnly took the envelope and carefully collected the letter, "No one threw it in the trash can."

There are 91 parts of the villas in this real estate, and 14 units were sold through the hands of Wei Yan.

Later, the heart of the city was completed, with the Roman pillar and Spanish style, which did become the center of Pingyu New City. In the following years, more and more farmland grew new real estate around the city's heart, and house prices also rose along with 2,000 yuan and 3,000 yuan, and then rose to more than 4,000 yuan. Every time a building is sold out immediately, when the market is the best, the customer needs to shake the number, "I can't buy it with money." In the northern part of the county, a new city has grown hard. It is separated from the villages of the city, and between the old and new and old.

Over the years, many counties have built new districts in Daqian, and modern buildings have begun to become the standard of the county people. People return from big cities to buy houses, and then continue to pour into large cities for a new round of hard work. The house in the county seat is a symbol of these people's clothes to return to their hometown to some extent.

Photo by Feng Yingxing, a new real estate in the county seat

Separate

The house is bought in the county, but people are outside. Most of the time, they have to separate from their children.

If you take your children to a big city, it means that more family economic consumption will be stretched out. In addition, it is difficult for their children to enjoy high -quality education in big cities and cannot take the college entrance examination in different places. Countless cases are also reminding them that many children who have read books in other places return to their hometown in the senior year. Because they are not adapted to the new environment, their academic performance may fall thousands of feet.

Wang Huaili is also helpless about this. In the county where there are too many employment opportunities, this is almost the dilemma of most rural families: staying, can't get his own economy; he can't keep the child.

"What should I do if I do n’t go out. Their children have to stay and study. The mortgage in the county has to pay back, and spend money on marriage in the future. If they stay with each other, they ca n’t make money.” He said.

The Cheng good born in 1997 is one of the involved in the sequelae of the family. His parents were not around. He had to live with relatives. He transferred to the school three times, transferred from the village to the county, and followed his relatives to return to the village. He was often familiar with the school's environment and left. In junior high school, he entered the private boarding school in the county seat, which ended his turbulent life.

When he was in junior high school, Cheng Hao was surrounded by "left -behind children" as him. Putting leave every 10 days, students rarely go home, and their clothes are washed by themselves. Entering adolescence, many people once did not know where the goals and directions were, "I don't know why they learn, and play if they don't want to learn." There was no sample that changed his destiny by knowledge. At the other end of the phone, parents will tell him two sentences, but they can't play a guidance effect. "So far away, they don't know your real situation, and the two sentences passed."

Although they were short time together, and even they did not come back in the New Year, he would still want to be parents in Shenzhen. Many times, Cheng Hao proposed to his parents on the phone. If you want to go to the place where they work, the answer is rejected. "They did not live well. They said that they were tile houses, and there were ants everywhere, sleeping hot and hot."

Teacher Wu Lingyu taught in a rural primary school in Pingyu. The first year was taught in the fifth grade. What surprised her was that 54 children in a class would take more than 20 ways to recite the way. She pays attention to nearly 40 left -behind children in the class. A few parents of parents went to work and left one to look at them. It was not a complete stay. After many home visits, Li Xuezhi, the principal of rural elementary school, found another phenomenon: among these young parents who married early and worked hard all year round, the proportion of divorce is increasing. One -third of the students in his school have been separated.

He paid attention to a boy in his class and often took the first place in the exam, but rarely dealt with his classmates. "Personality is like a small firecracker." During the class, he saw the child squatting in the corner more than once and hugging himself, using the stones and sand on the ground with his fingers. Some classmates tried to approach him, and the child would immediately throw stones towards the other party. Experience told the principal that when the child had such a lonely state, most of the family had problems with the family.

Left -behind children and mothers Yiyiyi Source Vision China Visual China

Rainbow suck

In the 1 million suit, Cheng Hao is a little lucky person. His wife is his high school classmate, eliminating the boredom of blind dates, and his father -in -law is also considerate. Cai Li "down" a total of 86,000 yuan, which greatly reduced the burden on his native family. The house is always bought. Parents who collected waste products in Shenzhen will take about 200,000 yuan in the down payment, and the remaining loan family will pay it together.

Cheng Hao told me that his father -in -law who worked in Xi'an did not ask him to buy a house in the county like most families in the county. However, when he thought of his childhood left -behind experience, he felt that the house had to buy anyway, "I have to let my children go to school in the county."

Buying a house is the most intuitive means to obtain high -quality education resources. In the past two years, Pingyu County has been promoted to enroll in schools. Children with consistent houses and households in the urban area will be admitted to priority. The premium of educational resources on the house also exists in county seats. In another county, a new community near a new community near Pingyu County, a new community near a elementary school, the average house price of the county town is about one -third of the county seat, and it is difficult to find a room.

The new school and the new campus have accompanied the new development zone. In the past few years, the number of resident population of 600,000 people, the number of primary schools in the urban area has been expanded to 27. The rainbow suction of township students due to real estate is also more obvious.

The volume of urban schools is increasing. In the fall of 2021, the first grade of Pingyu Experimental Primary School recruited a total of 18 teaching classes. On the first day of enrollment, parents of the student found that a class actually stuffed 100 students. The elementary school where Wei Yan's daughter is studying is better than the experimental primary school. The number of students in a class is about 90, but the classroom is still not enough. Later Temporary classroom.

The 13 townships under the jurisdiction of Pingyu County are another scene. In recent years, the township school has withdrawn and the school has been withdrawn. Wang Huai's granddaughter reads the third grade in the village and has to transfer to the town school. The primary school in the village is only in the third grade, and then the students and teachers in the class are not enough.

The village where Wang Huaili is located has a total of more than 3,000 people. The elementary school in the village, the kindergarten and elementary school are merged with only 60 students.

Li Xuezhi was helpless when he talked about the situation of his school. In order to retain students, at least 4 months of a year, he had to visit the village to visit the village one after another to convince those parents who want to transfer but some hesitant to leave their children and continue to accept the low grade in the village to accept the low grade in the village. Education. Most of the time, the persuasion of their dry mouth could not move them. Looking back at your school. Over the years, the conditions of the school building have become better and better. The special post teachers who have been divided into are a clear bachelor's degree, but the powerful siphon effect of higher -level schools has made him defeat again and again. During the chat, he laughed more than once: "I don't know which day, his school is gone."

Wang Huaili's elementary school next door is the case. At present, the largest school in the town is called complete primary school. The explanation of "complete" here is that all grades are full.

Tuyuan Vision China

Accompanying grandma

In Pingyu, there is a saying that "children are given to grandma." The young parents left home, and the task of raising children fell on grandparents.

Every morning, Wu Lingyu stood at the entrance of the school to welcome the students to enter the school, and he would always see such a scene: a tricycle drove by grandpa or grandma, and it was stealthy, three or four or four children. Every time the school has a parent meeting, a group of grandparents sit in the audience.

Wang Huaili's grandson raising mission is heavy. The eldest son's little daughter and the second son of the second son were born in the same year. For four or five months, the daughter -in -law left the child to him and his wife and returned to work in the south. In order to take care of the children, in two or three years, he and his wife had not slept with a consciousness. Children are weak and often get sick. They take the child to the county hospital for three days. During the day, I cook for my grandchildren, send it to school, and go home to wash the clothes of four children. At that time, they were parents, but they only brought two children. Now they are old, but they have to bring four, "physical and mental two torture."

In the early years, Wang Huaili would go to the construction site around the county to make zero -jobs to make up the family during the agricultural leisure. The sons also knew that he worked hard and returned money in time for children to eat, drink and read. On the day of seeing me, Wang Huaisi just asked the villagers to retrieve the real estate certificate from the county seat. This hard -working house has not been renovated until now, and has been idle for four years.

Wang Cuiping's daughter also bought a house in the county seat. Last year, while the gap came back in the Spring Festival, the daughter -in -law returned from Xinjiang and found someone to install the house. Wang Cuiping lived with two granddaughter. Since then, she has a new identity -to accompany Grandma.

In August last year, the 12 -year -old granddaughter faced a small rise. Daughter -in -law and Wang Cuiping discussed that they still wanted to send two children to study in the county seat. I was accustomed to the life in the village, and Wang Cuiping was unwilling, but she was accustomed to forbearance and nodded.

Being a accompanying grandmother means that her original life will be broken. Because her wife also followed her daughter to work in Xinjiang, she had to go back and forth in the county and villages, and completed the heavy responsibility of taking Sun Yudan and cooking 10 acres of land alone.

Before reading, Wang Cuiping went to the county seat. Before her daughter -in -law led her to walk several times in the county, Wang Cuiping's accompanying career began.

From the daughter's house to the little granddaughter school, there are two directions. It takes 20 minutes to ride an electric car. Regardless of the severe cold and heat, Wang Cuiping will not fall for a day. In these years, her body has fallen into a problem, and she has lost more than 30 pounds, and her heart and stomach are not good.

Several times, Wang Cuiping felt that he couldn't support it after giving away his granddaughter and riding a bicycle. He threw the electric car aside and swallowed the quick effect to save the heart pill. For a few minutes, get up to shoot the soil and continue riding.

When we talked, the plaster behind Wang Cuiping's neck was clearly visible. She is 57 years old, her hair is gray, and her wrinkles on their faces stack together, and they laugh at herself that she looks like "seven or eighty years old."

In the community of her daughter's house, Wang Cuiping met a group of grandma who was the same as her. After sending the children, they played cards in the door of the community. On the table, a group of grandma from the countryside told their own suffering, and often burst into tears when they said. At 5 pm, whether they packed their emotions, they got up and rushed to pick up their children from school.

Tuyuan Vision China

return

For many people who go out from the county, my hometown still has to go back.

As soon as the Spring Festival, the young portrait migratory birds in foreign workers migrated from all directions and returned to their hometown. Most of the time, they will not stay in the county seat, but go straight to the hometown in the village. At this time, the village will be more lively than the county seat, and the rural roads that are not wide are blocked. In the countryside, no matter where the commercial house is bought, people always have to repair the houses in their hometown.

In the local area, you will hear such a saying: "This is your root, you can't drift forever."

"Only poor ghosts do not repair their hometown houses. Those who did not repair them were bought in the county seat and had no money to repair it. It was embarrassing to go to that one."

"The house is hot, and the house can be repaired at least 200 square meters. Why should you" go to jail "in the county seat?"

So you will see such a picture in the county. Some people have bought a house for many years and have never lived in a day. When someone bought a house, in order to be comfortable, they added several thousands of houses to buy a house with less ladder. As a result, they stayed for a long time and found that few people took the elevator at all.

For people with good economic conditions in the county, real estate is their most important investment in the age of rising house prices. "A little free money in your hand. What can you do without buying a house?" As for those houses I started, "There are so many houses at home, I can't live, who can buy it."

The post -90s parents walked out of the county seat, opened up their horizons in a higher -line city, and even more perceived the important role of education. Many mothers will return when their children are near the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination. At the same time, more and more young parents have begun to realize the important role of family education and parents, and try to find the opportunity to return home.

In order to repay the mortgage, Cheng Hao finished the wedding at the age of 21, and followed his parents to work with his parents to work with his parents. Now his second child is about to be born. He has made up his mind, and don't let his children be left -behind children anyway. He thought about returning to the county town to open a fried chicken shop, but the brand he saw was seized by others, and he had to stay in Shenzhen temporarily, and then found some other opportunities to bring back to development.

Right now he encounters new trouble. He was purchased by his family's power in the county seat, and the risk of a house carrying the dual function of marriage and education was risky. At each right of rights, the construction site scattered a few workers, knocking on and playing for a few days, and then no sound. In the county of Pingyu, there are not many rotten tail buildings. He hopes that he will not be the one who is not lucky.

I met a local middle -class man and bought shops and apartments in the city center. In the real estate he bought, the basement can be developed into a lattice shop. Later, the real estate business almost caused rotten. After a few years, it had been handed over that the delivery standard had not yet reached the delivery standard. In this game, the owner's expectations have dropped lower and lower. Later, the two men's two apartments had just arrived, and they bought it when they turned around. One of them took over is a single mother who returned from other places. Recently, the garlic changes in other counties and cities in Henan and the wheat changing houses have not been performed in Pingyu. In some counties in the south, there are watermelon changing houses and peaches. The sales methods are equally weird, but it is not difficult to understand the distinctive intentions behind it: attract farmers to buy a house.

Real estate developers know who the houses in the county are going to sell to. In the past ten years, farmers have been a powerful assistant in the urbanization of the county, and they have almost supported the property market in the county.

In the past few years, every time, Wang Huaisi always saw the China -Pakistan cars from the city. The real estate salesperson spoke in a small ceiling and took the villagers to see the house. Now, not many people drove by sales people have been on.

Wang Huaili roughly calculated. In their village, in the "production team" of the smallest unit, there were 80 households. He knew that more than 50 households had already bought a house in the county seat. He felt that the rural purchasing power left to the county house was far as sufficient as before.

After the climax and loneliness of the property market, Wei Yan felt at a loss at this moment. In the small town of Pingyu, there are not many men who are the same age around him. In the county, he had to continue to call with the fellow villagers one by one to sell them the house at home.

Photo by Feng Yingxing, a new city and Chengzhong Village all the way

(At the request of the interviewees, Wei Yan, Wang Huaili, Cheng Hao, Wu Lingyu, Li Xuezhi, and Wang Cuiping were pseudonym)

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