Confirm the myth of "Shan Hai Jing"?Related to alien civilization?How far is Sanxingdui's new excavation from the mystery?

[Global Times reporter Zhong Yuhua Jiang Song] Recently, a large number of precious cultural relics have been unearthed in Sanxingdui, such as the turtle -back grid -shaped bronze, and the bronze god altar reflecting the sacrifice scene. New discoveries of Samsung Deda have constantly refreshed people's cognition, and even expanded the scope of Chinese civilization. So what is the relationship between Sanxingdui civilization and Central Plains civilization and foreign civilization? Is Sanxingdui related to "Shan Hai Jing"? Is it related to alien civilization? Regarding these public concerns, the reporter interviewed Sun Hua, a professor at the Peking University Archaeological Expo College and director of the Academic Committee, and Jiang Song, a museum general education expert and cultural scholar.

Cultural relics data map unearthed in Samsung Dou. Picture source: IC Photo

Is there a foreign civilized element in Sanxingdui?

Global Times: For ordinary readers, what is the most important discovery of Samsung Dou, as an archaeologist, what do you pay most attention to?

Sun Hua: A large number of rare cultural relics were unearthed in Sanxingdui. These utensils have not been seen in the past. The public cares about which dynasties of Xia, Shang and Zhou, and which dynasty, which belongs to ancient times. In 1986, the data was determined based on the carbon 14 of the unearthed utensils, and the number one pit was inferred as the late Shang Dynasty, about 1250 BC. In recent years, with the national economy, the funds of the archaeological department of the cultural relics have also increased. You can collect more carbon 14 samples to carry out a series of annual annual annual annual annual annual annual annual year. a lot of. The six pits of Sanxingdui 2020 and 2021 are said to have collected more than 200 carbon 14 measurement samples. The annual data measurement data of Sanxingdui buried pits was concentrated around 1070 BC, which is equivalent to the late Shang Dynasty. Some folks believe that Sanxingdui can reach the Longshan era before the Xia Dynasty, which is to confuse the upper limit of the Sanxingdui culture with the upper limit of the Sanxingdui site. Another folk person believes that archaeologists deliberately say late in the era when Sanxingdui buryed the pit, and denied the evidence of the Sanxingdui culture to prevent the Sanxingdui culture from the Yellow River civilization of the Central Plains as early as the Central Plains, in order to cover up the connection between Sanxingdui civilization and the West. These claims lack the basis of academic foundation and data.

Global Times: It is said that Samsung Dou civilization comes from India. For example, it has proven this according to the dependent part of the lead in the bronze ware.

Sun Hua: China is so large that early civilizations will not be a single source. From the current information, Sanxingdui culture is likely to be the culture created and leftover in the early dynasties of the ancient Shu Kingdom. From the perspective of its cultural source and cultural structure, this secondary civilization formed under the common action of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River culture of the Central Plains, not native civilization. It was later than the middle, lower reaches of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

The bronze wares of Sanxingdui culture appeared around the middle of the Shang Dynasty. Where did its smelting technology come from? At the end of the last century, Chinese and Japanese scholars adopted the research method of pre -isotope. Through the high radioactive causes of bronze in bronze in Yinxu, Sanxingdui and other places, one of the main raw materials of the bronze wares in these two places may be northeast of Yunnan, China. In the future, some experts use the same method to propose that these bronze raw materials may come from Qinling Mountain or other areas. At present, the conditions of isotope research are not mature enough. Some people say that the results of this method study show that Sanxingdui bronze wares are derived from India, because this is because they do not know much about the use of lead isotope technology.

Is there any factors from outside the domain? I think there are. There are factors from Central Asia and South Asia. New studies have shown that the two miles are inlaid with turquoise bronze medals from Xinjiang, and Sanxingdui is inlaid with turquoise bronze medals to be related to Xinjiang or farther place. A large number of sea shells unearthed from Samsung Dou should come from the Indian Ocean. These Haibei was introduced to Xinjiang, China through the ancient Indian India of South Asia and the Barkrtria region, and then passed along the Hexi Corridor to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Sichuan Basin. Its communication route is an ancient Silk Road. The sea shells of Sanxingdui came from ancient India through the former Silk Road in the Northwest, which is certain. Are there any other factors from Haibei? I think there should be. We are looking for relevant evidence and hope to establish more connections.

Is it related to alien civilization?

Global Times: The shape of the cultural relics unearthed from Samsung Dou is reminiscent of alien civilization. It is also said that this confirms that some mythical descriptions in the Mountains and Seas have realized it. What do you think?

Sun Hua: What does an alien look like? No one has seen it. Gao Dalun, the former dean of the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Archaeological Research, ridiculed that aliens will only land on the earth and will not come to China. The relationship between Sanxingdui people and aliens is the imagination of science fiction.

Sanxingdui bronze gods look like columns, and other copper portraits are also very large. This is originally artistic exaggeration. Sanxingdui bronze people have thicker hands than waist, their faces grow the same, their eyes are particularly large, and they are also artistic creation. The strange and strange utensils unearthed from Samsung Dou, through artistic exaggeration and strange imagination, connect respect and people together, connecting people and birds, etc. It is not surprising that in our traditional and foreign religious culture, there are many people and animals. The fairy must grow wings to rise to the sky. This is the original thinking of people. Therefore, the people in the Han Dynasty portrait and utensils have wings with wings; some of the western gods also have wings. With a bird -like wings, you can fly in the sky to reach the place where the gods live in the sky. People cannot directly reach the fairy residence of the sky. They must use some things, such as people dressed as birds and beasts, and the power of birds and beasts. This time, a new bronze god beast was found in Sanxingdui. It was standing on the head of a small bronze standing like Samsung Dou Big Copper, which was the same as the relationship between the wizard and animals in the shaman. These are the imaginations of the original thinking of human beings. We used to see it in the Mountains and Seas Classics or other legends before, but the people of Sanxingdui were cast with bronze before retained until now, and were discovered by archeologists. Archaeologists have burying pits and furnishings in the temples dug by Sanxingdui. They have a lot of strange things, giving a strange feeling. Internal conflicts have caused civilization to disappear? Global Times: There are various speculations about why Sanxingdui civilization disappears. According to the current archaeological discovery, how is the most likely formed by Samsung Ding civilization and how to disappear?

Sun Hua: When King Zhou Wu destroyed Shang, he conducted an oath in Makino, the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and the oath was stored in "Shang Shu". King Zhou Wu delivered a lecture before the army, listing the names from 8 alliance countries in Xitu, the second of which was the Shu Kingdom. The Sanxingdui site is located in the central area of ​​the ancient Shu Kingdom. The Temple of Sanxingdui was burned and the precious image was buried. We judged that it was caused by the conflict between the internal contradictions of the Sanxingdui people. Perhaps on the issue of cooperation with businessmen or cooperation with emerging Zhou people, the opinions of the two noble ethnic groups of Sanxingdui were different. One of them cooperated with Zhou people to destroy the other party. Moved to Chengdu Sands and started a new dynasty.

Sanxingdui enrich the world's cognition of Chinese civilization

Most of the utensils unearthed from Sanxingdui, including rituals, daily vessels, etc. are related to Central Plains culture, such as Yu Gui, Yu Ge, and Da Ya, as well as the beast pattern on the bronze wares, the fish and bird pattern on the jade wares It is the continuation of the Central Plains civilization that follows the Central Plains culture. There are many elements in the bronze wares of Shijiahe, Hubei Shijiahe, and the Bronze in the Oceania of Xingan County, Jiangxi, and they are very similar to the unearthed utensils in Sanxingdui.

The mainstream view is that Sanxingdui civilization has been moved from the Central Plains. Sanxingdui immigrants have formed ethnic groups such as silkworms and fish. Some are close to the Huaxia nation. Some of them are braid, close to the three seedlings (or Baiyue) clan. Sanxingdui integrates the diverse influence of Huaxia culture and ethnic minority culture. On the whole, it belongs to Chinese civilization.

Sanxingdui has changed the western world to the awareness of the civilization of the Chinese main body. They recognize that China is more broad and has more ancient civilization. The earliest conditions of civilization are limited: text, bronze smelting, city and religion. China's civilization has a history of 5000 years, and now there is no doubt at all. The recent two archeological discoveries -Shimi Culture in Shenmu City, Shaanxi and Zhejiang Liangzhu Culture -provide further evidence. Shi Yan had been 4,000 years before Sanxingdui. Liangzhu was the earliest, 5000 years ago.

Huaxia civilization is a diverse culture, and it has gradually formed foreign cultural ingredients. Ancient Chinese civilizations are like a star fighting, and archeological discoveries in the Neolithic period across the country, such as Hongshan Culture in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, Longshan Culture in Shandong, and Liangzhu Culture in Zhejiang.

If the Chinese civilization is like a flower, except for the petals in the edge areas, where is the flower heart? In the Heiluo area, the latest research results of archeology confirmed that the Shuanghuai tree site of Gongxian County of Luoyang has continued the Chinese text.

Some people say that Samsung Dou's masks and scepter are suspected to have foreign cultural factors, so it is guessing that Sanxingdui culture has absorbed West Asia and the Mediterranean cultural elements, which may be from Mesopotamia or Egypt. Until now, we have not reached this conclusion. We cannot see similar patterns or similar cultural elements between two different civilizations. People and internal cultural factors.

The main ancient civilizations in the world have similar patterns: life tree, Wan characters, and snake snakes. In the case of lack of exchanges in the ancient world, the same symbols have appeared in different regions of the world. Swiss psychologist Rongger once described this phenomenon that the phenomenon of human beings is unconscious. Human beings have some unconscious things, which is a distant subconscious left by the ancestors. So we say that Samsung Dou Sun Tree is a Chinese version of the life tree. Just like the legends of life trees, the myths, ancient Greek mythology, and ancient Egyptian mythology.

There are some descriptions about strange animals in the Shan Hai Jing. People usually think that it is mythical imagination, but the characteristics of Samsung Dou's utensils are in line with the description in the Shan Hai Jing. Is it related to the two?So far, the description in the "Shan Hai Jing" is confirmed by Sanxingdui, and this conclusion is too early.The description of the sun tree in the Mountains and Seas and the description of people's eyes is too general.The characters unearthed from Sanxingdui are strange, such as big eyes and ears.Some people have questions, is Sanxingdui a alien civilization?In fact, in the world, ancient civilizations will exaggerate the eyes and ears of the gods, so as to show that they have the extraordinary perception ability that people do not have, and can predict some things. This is a kind of blessing or wish for human beings.When we are talking about one thing, we cannot say that we must have evidence based on imagination.Without evidence, we can neither confirm nor falsify.

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