Why does "Mozi" stimulate the science of space quantum science

It is understood that due to a series of pioneering work obtained in the long -distance quantum communication, especially the "Mozi" quantum satellite, Pan Jianwei and others were invited to write this 46 -page schedule for "Modern Physics Review". , Comprehensively introduced the achievements of international space quantum science research in the past 20 years, and focused on the explanation of the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite from key technologies from the early stage, including the quantum science experiment satellite of the six major systems including satellite systems and scientific application systems, including satellite systems and scientific application systems The construction and development of the construction and development of the satellites provided valuable information for the international academic community after the satellite operation.

"Modern Physics Review" is the most authoritative review journal in the international physics community. Only about 40 academic papers are published each year. This journal generally does not accept free submission, mainly to invite physicists who have made great achievements in various fields to write, aiming to make historical summary, principles, status analysis, and tendency predictions of major hot issues in today's physical research. This paper is Pan Jianwei's team after the 2012 "Multi -photon entanglement and interference measurement science" and 2020's "Safety Quantum key distribution based on real devices" in this journal.

"Mozi" was born

Quantum communication is based on the basic principles of quantum physics, overcoming the hidden safety hazards of classic encryption technology. It is by far the only way that has been strictly proved to be unconditional and safe. safe question. Quantum communication is usually used as a physical carrier. The most direct transmission method is optical fiber or near -ground free space channels. However, the losses of these two channels will increase indexes with the increase of distance, and the near -ground atmospheric channel will be affected by the geeic curvature.

Due to the principle of quantum inability, the signal of quantum communication cannot be enlarged like a classic communication, which makes the world record of quantum communication only 100 kilometers in order. Therefore, how to achieve a safe, long -distance, and practical quantum communication is the biggest challenge in this field and the common goal of struggle in the international academic community for decades.

Because the outer space is almost vacuum, the absorption loss of the light signal is almost zero, so the auxiliary of satellites can greatly expand the quantum communication distance. Since the beginning of this century, this direction has become the focus of fierce competition in the international academic community. Pan Jianwei's team carried out a series of pioneering experimental research for the realization of star -land quantum communication. In 2003, the team proposed a plan to use satellite to realize inter -star quantum communications and build a plan covering the global quantum confidential communication network. In 2004, the free space of free space of 13 kilometers (greater than the vertical thickness of the atmosphere) of the level of 13 kilometers (greater than the atmospheric layer) was first realized in the international two -way. Quantum entanglement distribution, verifying the feasibility of crossing the atmosphere for quantum communication. At the end of 2011, the “Quantum Science Experimental Satellite” of the Strategic Pioneer of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was officially established. In 2012, the joint research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences led by Pan Jianwei achieved the first 100 -kilometer two -kilometer two -way quantum entanglement distribution and quantum invisible transmission state, which fully verified the feasibility of using satellite to realize quantum communication.

In 2013, the joint research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences achieved the quantum key distribution experiments with the relative motion of the auction of the Star Field and the large -scale losses of the Star Field Lake in Qinghai Lake, which comprehensively verified the feasibility of the quantum key distribution satellite to the ground. Subsequently, after hard work, the team finally successfully developed the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite. The "Mozi" satellite was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on August 16, 2016. After 4 months of rail testing, scientific experiments were officially delivered on January 18, 2017.

For the first time in my country, in the field of space science research to the forefront of the world

In recent years, Pan Jianwei's team has taken the lead in using the "Mozi" quantum satellite to complete a series of pioneering star -land quantum science experiments internationally internationally.

These experiments include: completing the Xingdi quantum key distribution, Beijing -to -Vienna intercontinental quantum key distribution, entangled non -credible relay quantum key distribution, and further in the quantum confidential communication Beijing -Shanghai dry line and "Mozi number number" "Quantum satellites successfully achieved docking, verifying the feasibility of Xingdi wide -area quantum communication; realizing the two -way quantum entanglement and distribution experiments of Starfield, observing the strict satisfaction of Einstein domaining conditions for the distance between the distance between the astrological land. The breakdown of Bell's inconsistency has verified the existence of space -scale quantum entanglement and the correctness of the basic principles of quantum mechanics; completed the first plastic star quantum invisible transmission state and remote transmission of starfield quantum state. It can complete the transmission of quantum bites on the top, laying the foundation for the globalized quantum information processing network; after completing the established scientific goals of the basic problems of wide -area quantum communication and the basic problem of quantum mechanics, it also launched an exploration in other directions of space quantum science experiments. Work, using upward quantum channels, experimenting with the theoretical model of a type of gravitational field that leads to quantum retreats, and the first step in exploring the experimental test of quantum mechanics and general relativity; The combination of precision measurement technology has realized frequency transmission experiments when the stars are safe, and the feasibility of conducting a wide range of photocaulta research in the space scale is verified.

Researchers believe that the results of these space quantum science experiments have brought my country to the forefront of the world in the field of spatial science research for the first time, firmly occupying the leading and leading position in the field of spatial quantum science research.

The successful implementation of "Space Quantum Science Research will cross the higher platform" and "Mozi" quantum satellite project, which further stimulates the global competition on spatial quantum experiments. In 2017, NASA released a white paper on the development of space quantum physics in the future. In the same period, the European Space Administration also released a white paper for space quantum technology. After the "Mozi" was successfully launched, major powers in the world have begun to develop their quantum satellite, and launched plans and timetables based on low -orbital miniaturized quantum satellites.

In June 2021, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, Italy, Belgium, and Austrian countries reached cooperation at the G7 summit. Breakthroughs to prevent increasingly complex network attacks.

Pan Jianwei's team's schedule also sorted out the research progress of international space quantum science. The article pointed out that the success of the "Mozi" inspired the research boom of international space quantum science. The forces of all parties in the United States, the European Union, Japan and other internationally began to explore the road of wide -area quantum communication, and proposed or accelerated. A series of space quantum scientific layout. The thesis also conducted a forward -looking outlook on further constructing a global quantum communication network and a spatial platform -based quantum physical basic study, indicating that the "Mozi" series experiments have opened the vast development of the spatial platform to develop quantum information and quantum physical frontier research. world.

The final outlook of the papers of the science of the future space quantum science has been taken out of the future. It proposes that "spatial quantum science research will definitely cross the low -orbital platform to the mid -to -high -track platform, or even deep space platforms." On this basis, the advantages of wide -rail satellite platform coverage, long experimental time, and good micro -gravity environment are used to cross -space quantum communication technology at the same time in the fields of frequent transmission and space super -cold atomic physics when long -distance and high -precision. Getting richer scientific output in basic scientific issues such as quantum precision measurement, quantum physics and general theory of relativity.

(Reporter Changhe)

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