The "extended version" is here!Do you know these three -volt knowledge?

As the saying goes, "hot in three volts"

Fu, it means that the weather is too hot

It is appropriate to move

July 16th

"Early Fu" starts

Will enter the year again

The highest temperature and humid and sultry days

"Steamed Baking" mode will be opened in many places across the country

So

How did "three volts" come from?

Why is the "three volts" this year's "extended version"?

Why is the "three volts" the hottest?

What is the "three volts" recorded by the ancients?

Where does the "three volt" dietary customs come from?

Look at it together ~

The "extended version" is 40 days!

The ancients of our country used the method of "dry branches" to use the year, monthly, day, and time. The so -called "dry branches" are ten "Tiangan" and "Twelve Earthly Branches".

十个天干——甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支——子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、 , Hai. Use the two words of Tiangan and Earthly Branches to indicate the serial number of the year, month, and day. Because the sky is 10, a Geng Day appears every 10 days.

The traditional calculation method stipulates that the third Geng Day after the "Summer Solstice" of the twenty -four solar terms is the "Early Fu", from the fourth Geng Day after the "Summer Solstice" to the "Midtu", the twenty -four solar terms The first Geng Day after the "Lili Autumn" was "ending", which is always called "three volts".

However, because the number of days between the "Summer Solstice" and the first Geng Day is almost different every year, the number of days of "San Geng" is not fixed. In other words, the "Early Fu" and "Following Volume" are all 10 days, but the number of "Zhongfu" days is not fixed. When the summer solstice and the beginning of the autumn appeared, it was 10 days when the Geng Day appeared, and the 5 Geng Day appeared for 20 days.

The beginning of this year (also called the head) from July 16 to July 25, the end (also called Sanfu) from August 15th to August 24th. The time between the beginning and the end is midfish, with 20 days. In other words, this year's "three volts" is another "extended version".

Why is Sanfu Tian the most difficult?

In summer, the northern hemisphere tends to the sun, and the direction of the sun is almost vertical as the ground. On this summer solstice, the sun is the most "high" in the sky, and it should be the hottest day. But in fact, the hottest day is not the summer solstice, but the "three volts" more than a month later.

why? The main reason is that the earth is wrapped in a thick atmosphere. The sun does not directly heated the air near the ground, but heated the ground first. The ground then to the air through infrared radiation, air convection and moisture evaporation. On the surface of each square meter, about 10 tons of air can store a lot of heat. This makes the temperature on the surface not too high. In the evening, these heats did not cause the surface temperature to not be too low. In this way, the temperature difference between the day and night on the earth is only a few degrees Celsius to a dozen degrees Celsius. Therefore, the daily average temperature does not exactly depends on how much calories from the sun, but the difference between the heat obtained every day and the loss of lost heat, that is, the net change of the accumulated heat.

On the day of the summer solstice, the northern hemisphere received the most calories from the sun, but in the dozens of days after the summer solstice, although the location of the sun was not the highest, it was still quite high; the sun was not the longest, but it was still quite long. The calories received every day still exceed the calories, so the temperature continues to rise. Only when the sun is "low enough" and the heat received is less than the calories of scattered loss every day, the temperature begins to decrease.

In summer, there are many rainwater, the air humidity is large, and the heat of the water is much greater than that of dry air, which is also an important reason for the hot weather.

Coupled with July and August, the Western Pacific subtropical high pressure strengthened most of the Central Plains. The sinking air in the interior of the high pressure makes the weather sunny and less cloudy, which is conducive to sunlight, the ground radiation increases, and the weather will be hotter.

How does ancient books record "three volts"?

The record of "three volts" can be seen in "Historical Records · Qin Benji": "Qin De in the second year (676 BC), in the beginning, with dogs and imperialism." Regarding the "Early Fu", Liu Song Pei Yan in the Southern Dynasty explained in the "Historical Collection": "In the early June, the beginning of the day. The interpretation is more detailed and clear: "From the three verses of June, Qin Degong did it, so the clouds were at the beginning of the cloud.

Xie Zhao and Zhejiang, who was born in the Ming Dynasty, also recorded in "Five Miscellaneous": "What is the man? Everyone who is born in the fourth time is also born, and Du Xia Zen is in the autumn, with fire classes. Therefore, it is called Fu. However, in the age of Flag, it is also known as the name of the people. Is it true that it is true and true? The name, the three generations, is also used to use it to this day, why? But the Han Dynasty to Fu closed the day, so Dongfang Shuo said that he was a flea angelica, which is still the meaning. Still its famous ears. "

The Han scholar Liu Xi also recorded in "Interpretation": "Three volts, Geng Jinzhu under the summer fire. Jin Feihuo, so it is said." It is said that yin is going to start, and it is forced to rise without the sun.

"Sanfu" has a certain guiding role in agricultural production, so the ancients also recorded in agricultural books. In the "Qi Min Yao Shu" in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, "Little Beans" was recorded: "When the person who is on the next ten days after the summer solstice is the upper, one acre is eight liters of a child. Fighting. When the middle of the middle breaks the hand is down, one acre is two liters of one bucket and two liters. "The" broken hand "here is" interruption "and" stop "here. Complete the sowing of small beans. In the north, the folks also proverb "head -headed radish two volt dishes, and three volts can also grow mustard." Essence

Sanfu Tian is not only hot climate, but also concentrated in rainwater, and sometimes hail is also appeared. In some areas, rainstorms are connected for several days to form floods. The farm proverb "small summer heat drowning mice", "blessing rain poured farmers' joy, small summer flood prevention, do not forget", etc., all remind people that people must do a good job of heatstroke prevention and cooling work in the hot digital weather. occur.

Where does the "three volt" dietary customs come from?

Since Sanfu Tian is a unique seasonal, the folk will naturally inherit a lot of food customs, forming a unique food culture in China. The folk proverb "head dumpling dumplings two volt noodles, three volt pancake stalls eggs" simply illustrate the traditional food customs of the "Sanfu" sky in the north.

In the past, people felt that the hot summer was a major disaster, so Fu Tian was called "bitter summer".

At the time of entering, Xia Gan was harvested, and the family had cold food, and it was just to enjoy a blessing at this time. And dumplings are the food that is ugly, and it is naturally the first choice. The heat is not good, and it can't be eaten, and dumplings are a good thing that appetizes in traditional customs. Therefore, people eat dumplings in the head, hoping to be safe in summer. In addition, dumplings are shaped like ingots, and the "Fu" and "Fu" are homophonic. Therefore, eating dumplings with heads is given the meaning of "ingot blessing".

Erfu "eating noodles" originally refers to eating "hot soup noodles". At this time, the new grains are entered, and the new wheat is grinded into a flour to boil soup. After eating, the sweat can remove the tide and heat in the body. In addition to eating hot noodles, you can also eat water surface, with "noodle codes" such as cucumber shreds. The taste is refreshing, which can not only remove the heat and change the fire, but also stimulate appetite.

In the three volts, the weather started to cool down, but the remaining heat was still very strong. It was uncomfortable to eat "hot soup noodles" in this season. Began to "work". At this time, if you eat a pancake stall egg for the ordinary older generation, it can also be regarded as an excellent delicious enjoyment. At the same time, it also means to send Futian to leave.

Since it is said that "the head of the dumplings of the head of the head"

Did you eat dumplings today?

What kind of stuffing?

Produced by China Meteorological Administration Xuanke Center (China Meteorological News Agency)

Reference materials: China Meteorological News

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