By the way, "Intangible Cultural Heritage"

"Intangible Cultural Heritage" Chinese is referred to as "non -heritage". This concept does not take a long time, and it is gradually formed in the practice of UNESCO to protect human cultural heritage. In 1998, in the UNESCO "Announcement of the Regulations on Obiba and Intangible Heritage Sites", the term "intangible heritage" appeared; on May 18, 2001, UNESCO announced the first 19 "humans "Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage Masterpieces" was approved. Since then, "Intangible Cultural Heritage" has entered the human cultural discourse system as a specific concept. In the list of 19 human verbal and intangible cultural heritage, China is ranked among them.

On October 17, 2003, the 32nd Conference of the UNESCO adopted the Convention on Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage (hereinafter referred to as the Convention), marking that intangible cultural heritage formed a consensus worldwide. The Convention defines the "Intangible Cultural Heritage": "Intangible cultural heritage refers to various communities and groups, and sometimes individuals. Knowledge, skills and related tools, physical, handicrafts and cultural venues. This intangible cultural heritage has been passed down from generation to generation. Community and groups provide a sense of identity and persistence, thereby enhancing respect for cultural diversity and human creativity. "The Convention defined the specific scope of" non -heritage ", including:" 1. oral tradition and expression forms, the form of expression, and the form of expression. Including the language of the medium of intangible cultural heritage; 2. Performance art; 3. Social practice, ritual, festival activities; 4. knowledge and practice of nature and universe; 5. Traditional craftsmanship. "In 2004, China officially joined the United Nations The teaching and science organization's "Convention on the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage" has become a contracting country. In 2006, the State Council of the People's Republic of China approved the name of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage, and specifically divided the intangible cultural heritage into ten categories:

Folk Literature: For example, the national epic "Gesa (Si) Er", the legend of Meng Jiangnu, Pangu mythology, the legend of Ashma, Dong Yong, the Tujia family crying song, the Epic epic "Mirah Black" in Gansu and so on.

Traditional music (folk music): such as flowers, northern Shaanxi folk songs, Chuanjiang, Guzheng art, suona art, Hui banquet songs, Mongolian folk songs, Buddhist music, fishing songs, and so on.

Traditional dance (folk dance): Yangge, Dance, Lion Dance, Dragon Dance, Lanzhou Taiping Drum, Li Chai Dance, and so on.

Traditional drama: Peking opera, Cantonese opera, Yu opera, Sichuan opera, shadow opera, Liyuan opera, Qinqiang, Hebei Xunzi, Han opera, evaluation of drama, Yue opera, Gaoshan opera, shadow cavity, and so on.

Quyi: Crosstalk, Northeast Two Two, Suzhou Bullet, Lanzhou Gulu, Fengyang Flower Drum, Sichuan Qingyin, and so on.

Traditional sports entertainment and acrobatics (folk acrobatics and competitives): Wuqiao acrobatics, Uyghur Darvaz, Shaolin Kung Fu, Wudang martial arts, Tai Chi, hockey competition, Cuju, Go, chess, Emei martial arts, traditional arrows, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing, horse racing Will, sheep, oral skills, and so on.

Traditional art (folk art): paper -cutting, hot tribute art, lantern, Su embroidery, clay sculpture, stone carving, jade carving, wood carving, brick carvings, embroidery, wood version of New Year painting, architectural painting, bonsai skills, and so on.

Traditional techniques (traditional handicraft skills): ceramic production skills, carving lacquer skills, silk manufacturing skills, Jingtai blue manufacturing skills, furniture production skills, Moutai wine production skills, Wuliangye production skills, carving printing skills, tie -dyeing skills, green tea production skills, traditional traditional skills, traditional traditional skills, traditional green tea technology, traditional traditional skills, traditional green tea technology, traditional traditional skills, traditional green tea production skills, traditional traditional techniques, traditional green tea technology, tradition Pasta production skills, Li nationality bark cloth production skills, 砚 台 production skills, ancient building construction skills, metal forging skills, West Lake silk umbrella production skills, soy sauce production skills, wool textile rolling skills, and so on. Traditional and non -heritage representative projects are the largest number of non -heritage categories. This type of non -heritage is closely combined with the people's clothing, food, housing, and transportation, which condenses the spirit of craftsmanship, science and technology, and life aesthetics.

Traditional medicine: such as traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis, traditional Chinese medicine processing skills, Chinese medicine orthopedic therapy, traditional Chinese medicine health, Tibetan medicine, Dai medicine, seedling medicine, Mongolian medicine, Chinese acupuncture, Tongrentang Chinese medicine culture, and so on.

Folk customs: such as the twenty -four solar terms, Dragon Boat Festival, Chongyang Festival, Spring Festival, Mid -Autumn Festival, Qingming Festival, Temple Fair, Xiba Qiaojie, Luoyang Peony Flowers, Tiehua, Mazu Festival, Fuxi Festival, Nuwa Festival , Ji Gong June Society, and so on.

It can be seen from the concept and category of non -heritage that although the concept of intangible cultural heritage is not long, the relationship between intangible culture and people has a long history. All aspects of production, life, clothing, food, housing and transportation. All countries and nations in the world have intangible cultural heritage that reflects the unique cultural characteristics of their nations and countries. As a cultural accumulation, the non -heritage condenses the ethnic, regional, and human wisdom, reflects the glory of civilization. From it, you can feel the endless genes of national culture, and feel the immortal marks of people in history. , Understand the wisdom and beauty of human nature. "Chinese intangible cultural heritage" contains the spiritual value, thinking, imagination, and imagination unique to the Chinese nation, reflects the vitality and creativity of the Chinese nation, is the crystallization of wisdom of all nations, and the treasure of all human civilization. "It is both the historical development The testimony is also a precious and important cultural resources. It is the basis for connecting the unity of national emotions and maintaining the unity of the country. It has significant significance to the past, present and future of the Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation (see the State Council's "State Council" Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Cultural Heritage). In the past two decades, in the process of obeying and fulfilling the "Convention" of the UN non -heritage, China combined with the actual situation of China's national conditions and non -heritage, it has achieved effective protection of intangible cultural heritage. At present, there are 629 projects released by the UNESCO, of which 42 are in China, ranking first in the world. Including Kunqu, Guqin Art, Xinjiang Uygur Mumam Art, Mongolian Terminus, Chinese Carving Printing Techniques, Chinese Calligraphy, Chinese Paper -cutting, Chinese Traditional Wood Structural Building Technology, Nanjing Yunjin Weaving Skills, Dragon Boat Festival, China North Korea Farmers, Mazu belief, Mongolian Humai singing art, Nanyin, Regundy art, traditional Chinese mulberry silk weaving skills, Longquan celadon traditional firing skills, fellowship paper traditional production skills, Xi'an drum music, Cantonese opera, flower, Marsas , Gesa (Si) Er, Dai Grand Songs, Tibetan Opera, Chinese Medicine Acupuncture, Peking Opera, Chinese Shadow Opera, Chinese Music, Twenty -Four Solar terms, Tibetan Medicine Bathing Methods, Tai Chi, and King of King. The 42 selected projects not only reflect the high level of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China, but also enhance the sense of identity and pride of the inheritance practice community, group and individual, and become the Chinese culture, Chinese spirit and profound Chinese culture, Chinese spirit, and promotion of the world. Important carriers and windows of Chinese wisdom.

At the same time, the whole society has formed a consensus in the fresh practice of non -heritage protection, that is, non -heritage protection is not only the protection of cultural projects, but also a social movement based on a series of system construction. The school teachers and students, cultural workers from all walks of life, and millions of publicly devoted themselves to non -heritage protection and inheritance.

At present, China has established a 4 -level protection system and representative inheritor list of "National+Provincial+Municipal+County". From the perspective of the national non -heritage project list, the State Council announced five batches of national project lists in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2021 (the first three batch of lists were named "National Intangible Cultural Heritage List "After the implementation of the" Intangible Cultural Heritage Law of the People's Republic of China ", the fourth batch of list names were changed to" National Intangible Cultural Heritage Representative Project List "). Referred to as "national projects"), a total of 3610 sub -items are carried out in accordance with the application area or unit. As of December 2021, a total of 3063 representative inheritors of national intangible cultural heritage projects. There are tens of thousands of provincial, municipal, and county -level non -heritage projects and representative inheritors. As far as Gansu Province is concerned, there are 83 representative projects of national intangible cultural heritage, and 68 national non -heritage representative inheritors are identified; Gansu announced four batches of 493 provincial non -heritage representative projects, 617 provinces Non -heritage representative inheritors; identified 2186 cities and state -level representative projects, 3,452 city (states) level inheritors; 5,396 county -level representative projects, and 8,299 county (district) inheritors. Various types of intangible cultural heritage representative projects are rooted in the lives of the people, are owned by the people, and are loved by the people. In the inheritance and development of "seeing people, seeing things, and.

Since 2006, China has established a "Cultural Heritage Day", the second Saturday in June each year. Since 2017, the state has adjusted the "Cultural Heritage Day" to the "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day". The number of natural heritage, natural and cultural heritage in China ranks first in the world. As one of the important themes of Chinese cultural construction, the "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day" reflects the party and the country's high attention and strategic vision of the protection of cultural heritage. June 11, 2022 is the 2022 Cultural and Natural Heritage Day. The theme is "connecting charming glory of modern life."

Source: Lanzhou College of Arts and Sciences

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