Re -understand the relationship between exercise and gender: fighting and reshaping the gender bound

The fighting fighting movement is a "masculine" movement in the traditional sense. At present, fighting campaigns are gradually sought after by women. Take the physical education course of Peking University in the spring of 2022 as an example: the proportion of men and women in the Sanda course is about 1: 1, and the boxing course has reached nearly 1: 2 high women's proportion. The author of this article explores the impact of women's views on power -type movements on the basis of in -depth interviews, as well as the impact of fighting fighting categories on women's practitioners. Studies have found that practicing power -type exercise does not necessarily bring significant changes in gender temperament, but girls who practice such sports emphasized equality. The degree of lag in the movement of the public concept compared to the definition of standards is an important factor in improving the participation of the female movement.

■ Lei Pei Wu Chuge Fan Haomin Lu Xinyi

For a long time, the concept of opposition to women's participation in strength sports has been reflected from the perspective of cultural cognition and sports competition. Specific to the fighting category, in order to maintain the traditional feminine temperament, it is difficult for women to explore the world through the cognition and fighting of the body, and gradually formed a stereotype of the fighting movement that belongs to only men, but the academic circles widely agree with the character of women's personality temperament. Observation. At present, fighting campaigns are gradually sought after by women. Taking the physical education course of Peking University in the spring of 2022 as an example: the scattered courses are about 1: 1, and the boxing course has reached nearly 1: 2 high women's proportion; and tennis (4: 1), badminton (2: 1 ), Basketball improvement classes (15: 1) This type of ball course still maintains the situation of more men and less men and less men. Through in -depth interviews, the author tries to discover the dynamic relationship between Peking University students participating in/not participating in fighting sports courses and their influence, and showing the active relationship between gender temperament and fighting sports courses.

The motivation and influence of girls participating in fighting categories

On the basis of collecting relevant information and combined with actual life experience, the author specifies the research objects into two categories: first, girls who have exposed to fighting fighting sports sports; the other is that girls who have not participated in such sports are not involved in such sports. Essence Among them, the first type of research object can be subdivided into two types: active requirement practice and passive training. Girls who actively practice are the objects of the author's focus on research.

The analysis found that as far as the cause of the fighting category, the "female fightingman" who actively requested the practice of fighting categories generally came into contact with the category under the chance of coincidence, and produced interest in the process of contact. Interesting, on the one hand, because of the aesthetics of the sports itself and the aesthetic fit of the participants, on the other hand, it is also affected by the character characteristics and living environment of female fighters. Women who have strong awareness of equality, challenges, and positive personality have more proactively discovered their sports talents and transformed into the enthusiasm of participation, and used it as a way of decompression and bad emotions.

Regarding the influence of participating in fighting categories, the respondents who actively requested the practice stated that such campaigns can make themselves discover the strength of the body and gain confidence and self -identification in the process of "pain and happiness"; It is very large. In the process of practice, there will be many difficulties. The practitioners can obviously feel the improvement of physical fitness, and insisting on training will also improve the quality of perseverance and courage; fighting campaign has the characteristics of cooperative and social. To the extent, the trainer's personality will be more outgoing, dare to explore and launch other types of movements.

Regarding the impact of participating in fighting categories on gender temperament, the active request for female fighters who practice this type of movement do not think that participating in the influence of the influence of the fighting movement will affect the gender temperament related to stereotypes. The interviewees do not think that this kind of movement is special, and the focus is not on the anti -violence but to explore their bodies. Girls who actively practice fighting fighting are more disgusted with the gender differentiation of exercise. They themselves have a strong sense of equality. It is this psychology that prompts them to have no burden and scruples when they come into contact with such sports. They dare to choose and persist.

For girls who passively receive such training, the greatest promotion is derived from parents and peers. Judging from the general feelings of interviewees, the impact of practicing anti -fighting campaigns on its personality is relatively limited, and more influence is reflected in daily life: the exercise brings the improvement of physical fitness, and it has also become its self -confidence and gaining. One of the sources of sense is also an important gain to maintain and enhance friendship. However, interviewees generally stated that practicing this movement has not brought obvious character changes. Girls who passively practice fighting campaign are relatively complicated on this movement. Because they practice, they will not have gender discrimination against such sports, and they will understand that they do not have the relationship between exercise and personality temperament. But society's stereotypes of this kind of movement still bind them.

For those who have not participated in fighting sports categories, the gender stereotype of "fighting is the movement of boys" binds its participation in the fighting category. The lack of contact opportunities is another important reason why some girls have not participated in fighting movements.

Power, concealment and gender temperament

The fighting category is a "male movement" with obvious gender temperament in the traditional Western perspective, which has a large departure with the female image in stereotypes. Related studies have shown that even in the highly educated female group, there is a phenomenon of "performing wives", that is, women show lower offensiveness and victory desire to find potential partners, and actively cater to the stereotypes. The image of the family role of "wife". Based on such a research results, it is revealed that the practice of fighting fighting may have a large deviation with the traditional female image, which affects the relationship between itself and the potential partner. How to define gender temperament, how to understand the effects of fighting sports on gender temperament, and how to face the external social image changes brought about by fighting campaigns are all topical topics. After interview research, the female fighter participating in this type of movement acknowledged the existence of the stereotype of the sports, but from itself, the positions of all stances against the existence of gender division and gender threshold for sports, and also oppose the use of "more masculine" and so on. Vocabulary with gender colors to describe his own personality, and active participants are more strong than passive participants' opponents, and may even have opposition to women fighters who are in line with gender stereotypes. On the one hand, this is because the female fighters participating in the interview oppose the use of "mascumization" and "feminine" to describe different personality characteristics; on the other hand, it is also because of its personal experience that the personality characteristics of personality characteristics are not related to the category of participation in the category of exercise categories. Essence Acknowledging that there is a stereotyped impression, but hoping to split with stereotypes, it reflects its strong sense of equality and pursuit of power.

But unlike the female fighters actively participating, the passive participation female fighters are trapped in the contradiction between concealment and showing power. The traditional female image will still become a hindrance to their strength and women who fail to participate in fighting campaigns. Those who clearly stated that this type of movement is "too public" and does not meet the female image in their cognition.

Overall, gender stereotypes still affect women's movement and exercise participation. Whether it is a recognition of gender stereotypes, or because of gender stereotypes in terms of demonstration of strength and stop, it reflects it, which reflects it. The true impact on women.

"Movement in Standards" and "Movement in Concepts"

After research, the author found that the fighting campaign, as one of the movements that have been affected by the traditional gender perspective, have two aspects: "movement in the standard" and "movement in concepts": "movement in the standard" is reflected in the international The standard definition of fighting categories in the sports industry has eliminated gender division and gender threshold, and "movement in ideas" is reflected as the public view of the public. But still has a strong gender stereotype.

Interview research can find that changes in the definition of exercise standards are conducive to the change of views, and it is conducive to promoting the consummation of the gender threshold of sports on the public's point of view. And whether women will choose to become the main decisive factor of fighting people are the "movement in the concept" of the woman and her group, not the "movement in the standard". The stereotype of the impression of the motion.

The author believes that the degree of lag in the lag of movement in the public concept relative to the definition of the public concept is the fundamental decisive factor that improves the participation of the women's movement, including strengthening publicity. There is a long way to go. The amateur women's fighting campaign is still concentrated in the middle -class consumer fields such as the gym, and there will be a threshold for spending power. Therefore, for the student group, carrying out related courses or setting up related communities will help improve women's movement participation environment. Picking off color glasses and "exfoliating" exercise is a topic worth exploring in the future.

(Author unit: Peking University)

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