Three brushes 40 ° C, the pusher behind it is it!Extreme high temperature frequently, how should cities improve "elasticity"?

The scorching sun is empty, and the heat waves are rolling. Today, the highest temperature in Shanghai has been easily over 40 ° C again.

As of July 14, Shanghai has accumulated 15 high -temperature days this year, and has released 10 high -temperature orange warning signals and 3 high -temperature red warning signals. 3 high temperature days exceeding 40 ° C appeared in mid -July, which is the first time in history.

Such a high temperature is not unique to Shanghai this year. Looking at the whole country, most areas are under the "high fever". Zhejiang, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places have temperatures exceeding 40 ° C. According to the monitoring of the National Climate Center, since June this year (as of July 12), the average high temperature number of high temperatures in my country is 5.3 days, which is 2.4 days more than the same period of the year. It is the same period since 1961. The high -temperature weather process has a wide range of high -temperature weather and a long duration (it has lasted more than 30 days), has strong extremes, and great impacts. The highest temperature of 71 national meteorological stations in the country broke through the historical pole value.

Is such a rare high temperature caused by the annual phenomenon caused by La Nina, or is it a concrete manifestation of the global warming trend? Wei Ke, an associate researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and deputy director of the monsoon system research center, believes that high temperature this summer is directly related to global warming. The extreme high temperature caused by climate warming will appear more frequently in the next 30 years, and the intensity will still be still in the strength Keep refresh. He reminded: "The urban population is dense. In the face of extreme high temperatures that may appear frequently in the future, they should incorporate the response to high temperature disasters into urban construction and management planning as soon as possible. At present, many cities in the world have tried in this regard."

La Nina caused the subtropical high -pressure north to lift the west, and the "sauna sky" in the central and eastern parts of my country continued

The British "Nature" magazine recently said that meteorologists have predicted Lanna for the third consecutive year. The continuous La Nina incident has provided an important climate background condition for the development of high temperature in the south since June.

The phenomenon of La Nina and El Niuni refers to the sea temperature of the East Middle East Pacific for a period of time lower than normal. According to statistical analysis, in the summer of the majority of the La Nina incident, the Western Pacific subtropical high pressure is easy to be north.

"This is quite obvious in the rainy season this year." Wei Ke said that this year, due to the strong subtropical high pressure, sometimes the rain rain belt north to the Jianghuai Basin, and sometimes moved south. "Kongmei", rainfall decreases by 70 % compared to usual. "From the overall perspective of our country, the entire rainy season rainfall has also decreased by 20%, which is in line with the law of drought in the Yangtze River Basin in my country."

According to the analysis of the National Climate Center, since late June this year, the subtropical high -pressure north, especially the typhoon "Siaba" in early July, the subtropical high pressure strengthened the west extension, the Iranian high pressure east, and combined with the high pressure of the middle latitude continent A stable heating high -pressure zone is formed over my country, which in turn causes a large -scale high temperature weather. In addition, due to the water vapor carried by the subtropical high pressure, the humidity of the central and eastern regions in my country is greater and the temperature temperature is higher.

Global warming is not the "step by step" of the entire earth.

The monitoring of the National Climate Center shows that in June of this year, the average global temperature was about 0.4 ° C higher than usual, the highest since 1979, and the high temperature heat wave event in the northern hemisphere was frequent. Essence

"From the perspective of a longer time scale, this is a performance that has become more unstable in the context of global warming." Wei Ke explained that global warming is not the "walk away" by the entire earth. Instead, extreme high temperature events occur in different regions and different times. Last year, extreme high temperature events occurred in North America. This year, it performed more significantly in my country.

The sixth evaluation report released by the UN Government's Intergovernmental Climate Change Special Committee (IPCC) earlier this year pointed out that in the past 50 years, global warming is undergoing unprecedented speeds in the past 2000, and the unstable climate system has intensified. Rice calls it "the red alarm of all mankind."

"In the next 30 years, the trend of climate warming has been set. Such an extreme high temperature will not come again this year. It may occur again and again. It will continue to refresh. "Wei Ke emphasized that the sixth report of IPCC pointed out that global warming is pushing the earth's ecology to" adaptation limit ". After reaching this limit, the Earth ecosystem and human society will not be able to adapt to more changes. Essence

To deal with extreme weather events, cities can introduce cold roofs and sponge bodies to improve "elasticity" to adapt to "elasticity"

"We now strive to achieve carbon peaks and carbon neutrality, just to change the climate trend of the earth after 30 years, but in these 30 years, we must face the extreme weather events brought by climate warming." Wei Ke said In addition to high temperature, heavy rain, typhoons and other extreme weather incidents must also be vigilant.

Cities, especially large cities, are affected by the high population density and wide infrastructure distribution. In the face of increasingly frequent extreme weather events, some cities have begun to try various scientific and effective measures to slow down the adverse effects of climate warming.

For example, for the heat island effect, many cities have begun to introduce "cold roofs" (reducing the roof absorption of solar radiation calories), increasing urban green space and green plant walls to reduce the temperature in the center of the city; build vertical farms, green rainwater infrastructure to make the soil soilGreening has become the sponge body of the city, enhance the "elasticity" of urban flood control and resist meteorological disasters.Wei Ke suggested that more cities should incorporate the response to extreme high -temperature weather disasters into urban construction and management planning, lay out early layout, formulate corresponding measures, and actively respond to challenges.

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Author: Xu Qimin

Picture: pixabay

Editor in charge: Ren Quan

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*Wenhui exclusive manuscript, please indicate the source for reprinting.

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