This Lanke family is "national security", all of which are "red and thin"

Author: Li Ying; Edit, Production: Li Zhanyi

A while ago, the news that Zhejiang Qingyuan found the unique garlic group "quietly" on the major platforms. Those who know Diaogan are happy when they are happy. After all, with the rarity of this plant, it is normal to "appear on the hot search".

But I am afraid that more people have never heard of them, or they don't know them. Diaogan is a plant, and it is time to know this "beautiful and miserable" family.

"Sitting on the bottom" orchid

Pleione Don. (Pleione Don.), Belongs to Lankeshucho, about 27 species in the world (including 8 natural hybrids), and there are 25 species in China. Lan (P. × Confusa), P.Albiflora, P.Aarunachalensis, Chen's Dugu orchid, P.Yunnannsis (P.Yunnannsis) ... … There are a lot of members, and all of them are distinguished. They are "national insurance."

Southern Tibet

Chen's Dugu orchid

In 2021, the national key protection of wild plants was promulgated, and all garlic orchids (all species) were listed as national second -level protection plants. According to the endangered level of the Red List of Endangered Species (IUCN) of the World Nature Protection Alliance, last year, the Kunming Institute of Plant Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a threat level evaluation of 26 types of garlic orchids, of which 10 were critical (CR), 9 endangered (9 types of endangered ( EN), 7 kinds of dangerous (VU).

In proper, the "family" of the "family" is "sitting through" orchids. It will be sanctioned, destroyed or traded without permission, and will be sanctioned by law.

Diaogan is mainly distributed in the south of the Qinling Mountains in my country, to the Himalayas in the west, and the subtropical areas and tropical areas in Myanmar, Laos and Thailand in the south. In other words, China is the world distribution center of the genus Garlic Orchid. It is mainly distributed in the southwest, Central China and East China region in China. It is also found in the northern and northern parts of Guangdong and Guangxi. About 70%of the types are distributed in Yunnan.

Diarypan belongs to the world distribution map

Du Lanyuan Based

Fate is miserable

"Beautiful, rare, and delicate", these three words are used to evaluate Diaoga orchids, which can not be accurate. The ornamental is strong, and it is a traditional precious Chinese medicine, but the cultivation technology is not mature enough for a long time. Many factors have caused the wild resources of this precious plant to be destroyed for a long time, and the number of populations has been severely reduced.

It is the main reason for the sharp decline in the deeds of the deeds. The belonging to Yunnan Diaogan and Diaoga Orchids are the basic plants of the "Shanci Mushroom" of the drug. Their balls can be used as "ice hockey", which has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing phlegm and dispersing. In recent years, in recent years, in recent years, in recent years Because of the role of anti -cancer such as breast cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, etc., it has received more attention.

Ice hockey

In the Yunnan area, it is called "glutinous white" and "one -leaf white 芨", which is widely used in cough. And it is said that if you are bitten by a snake, you can use the garlic orchid to make the external application can detoxify and relieve pain.

So many medicinal effects have led to the high price of Diaoga orchid in recent years. It is understood that the price per kilogram of Diarypan medicinal materials has risen from more than 10 yuan in the late 1990s to more than 1,000 yuan today. Driven by the huge interests, illegal excavation has been rampant. Now searching for "Diarypan" on the Internet, "buying a large number of wild dilog orchids" and "market price of wild dilog orchids" still appear in a manded place. Some people even posted a video saying, "If you see (Du Lan), remember to take it home and sell hundreds of yuan."

Digging 蒜 挖

According to the results of the survey of the Kunming Botanical Garden Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences last year, in recent years, at least 60 tons of unique garlic plants in my country have been dug away each year. 100,000.

We just take a look at such a beautiful done orchid.

"Fairy in the forest"

Although the name is a bit "flavor", the light flower fragrance of Diaogan is close to nothing, which has nothing to do with the strong smell. The reason for this name is because the base is ovarian -shaped fake bulb (the pseudo -jerus is a pervert of the ground stems on the plants of the Lanke plant, which can provide nutrients for the plant), which is similar to the unique garlic. Because most of them have only one leaf, only one flower is bloomed at a time, which is also known as "one leaf orchid".

Doronchye

The deeds of the garlic orchid include the type of ground, stone, or epiphyte, so the figure always appears in rock walls and trunks. Among the orchid plants, Diaogan Orchid is a small flower. When it is not blossoming, the ground part seems to be just drilled from the soil, which is very inconspicuous. However, once the flowers are in full bloom, the girl with a refreshing and elegant posture is like a dancing girl, and it is like a flying butterfly who dances. The petals are delicate like hibiscus. No wonder it is called "fairy in the forest".

The derived plants of Lugn are mainly red, yellow, and white. Among them, the yellow system is the scarce and the most red types. From pink to dark purple red, the representative species can be found. For example P. Aurita (P. Aurita) is bright purple -red; white flowers are mainly white flowers, Grandiflora (P. Grandiflora), dwarf garlic orchids (P. Humilis) and autumn. P. Maculata. Yellow flowers are the most precious, and the main members are P. Forrestii. Yunnan Dulan

Yanhua Diaogulan

Short Little Driven

The same type of ongli orchids may also show multiple colors, such as P. Formosana and yellow flowers. In addition to the original color, there is a variant type of white flowers; P. Scopulorum) even has three colors: white, yellow and purple.

Two -colored Taiwanese done orchid

Erye Driven

Yellow Flower Dorite

The rich and diverse "mysterious" markings on the lips are another charm of the genus Diaogan. The lip flap pattern not only has diverse colors, but also in different individuals and types of shapes such as dotted, stripes, and blocks. There is a big difference.

Beautiful and changeable lip spotted pattern

According to the flowering season, the genus Plants of Lugn can be divided into spring flowers and autumn flowers. Spring flowers are more common, and the flowering period is more concentrated from April to May; autumn flower flowers are mainly from September to October, with only 4 types, including autumn flower alone garlic (P. Maculata) and warts. Three types of P.PRAECOX), P. Saxicola (P. Saxicola), as well as natural hybrid gourd gourd derived garlic (P. × Largenaria).

Qiuhua alone garlic

Wart sheath

Flower in the wall outside the wall

Similar to many Chinese famous flowers such as Rhododendron and Rose, Diaogan is also a typical "flowering wall incense in the wall."

As early as the 19th century, Western countries began to collect plant -garbolia plants from the Himalayas. In the early 20th century, with the collection of western missionaries and botanists in western China, more types of garlic orchids were specified to the Western Botanical Garden and were loved by the majority of enthusiasts.

However, because Diaogan has no embryo as a sexy seed, as thin as dust, the sprout rate is extremely low in the natural state, and artificial reproduction requires sterile environment to organize and cultivate, so the history of the hybrid breeding of Diaogan is relatively short. It was not until 1966 that Georges Morel hybridized Taiwan's garlic orchids and Sichuan Diaoga orchids, registered the first artificial hybrid Pleione Versailles.

Thin -dust -like 种 细 seeds

Since then, it has entered a period of rapid development. So far, there are about 400 deeds in more than 400 liquid orchids to complete international login, of which the most contributed is the United Kingdom. The British Ian Bartfill has more than 100 self -cultivated dwilies.

Let's share the two very well -known outer garlic varieties. 'Tongariro' (Chinese translation of "Tongarro ') is a hybrid variety of beautiful Diaogan, Sichuan Diarypan and Taiwan Diaoga Orchid. Mid -like varieties; there is also a variety called 'Confirmation' (confirmed 'in Chinese translation'), which comes from the autumn flower alone garlic and wart sheath. The colorful spotted patterns are also very adaptable.

Famous foreign garlic varieties ‘Tongolro’

Famous foreign garlic varieties 'confirmation'

Catch up

Although the value of Diaogan viewing is high and most of the types are native to my country, the news that has not been successfully cultivated and new varieties login for a long time in China.

Until more than 10 years ago, the Kunming Institute of Botanicals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began related research. At present, more than 20 people have formed a research team. In 2018, the two unique garlic orchid hybrid varieties selected by the team were successfully logged in at the Royal Gardening Association in the United Kingdom.

‘Haiyan’ selected by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Plant Research Institute

‘Rainbow’ selected by the Diaogan species selected by the Institute of Kunming of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

After that, the team has successively logged in to 17 new varieties of garlic orchids. ‘Zhan Yao Mountain’, ‘Red Lianxian’ ’‘ Mountain Ghost ’’ ‘Maggie’ ’’ “昴 星 官 '... not only has their own characteristics, but the names are also unique.

Part of the deeds selected by the Institute of Kunming of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

According to Dr. Zhang Wei, assistant researcher at the Institute of Kunming Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the team has overcome a series of problems such as flowering regulation, seed germination, artificial breeding of seedlings, and cultivation technology. Through the regulation of the cultivation environment, some varieties have achieved winter flowers. The natural flowering period of Diaogulan is mainly concentrated in the spring and autumn, and the new varieties they cultivate ‘Haiyan’ ’‘ Rainbow ’’ “Zhaoyao Mountain” can bloom from November to January of the following year, which can meet the market demand for winter days such as New Year's Day. "

‘Zhan Yao Mountain’

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