The second -generation "satellite satellite" successfully organized the network. Where is the lineup after upgrading?

At 0:30 on July 13th, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, the Long March 3 B Rocket Rockets sent Tianchain No. 2 to space to space, and the satellite then accurately entered the earth's synchronous transfer track.

This moment is of great significance, it marks the successful network operation of the second -generation Earth synchronous orbit data relay data, which can have the ability to meet the global coverage of low -oriented spacecraft and provide 24 -hour non -intermittent communication.

With the successful launch of the 03 star of Tianchain 2, the number of relay satellites in my country increased to 8, and the "relay satellite group" lineup was upgraded again.

01

Another "Space Biography Beacon Terrace"

Since the successful launch of the 01st star in April 2008 and the successful launch of the 03 star of Tianchain 2 in 2022, my country's Tianchain Zhongjie Satellite System has formed two generations of Chinese relay satellite mutual compatibility and work in the rail collaborative networking. The situation.

From 2008 to 2012, my country launched the Sky Chain No. 1 01 ~ 03 star, and the three satellites achieved networking operations, marking the formal completion of my country's first -generation data relay satellite system, and created the heavenly base testing and data transmission of my country. New era. In the subsequent time, the Tianchang No. 1 04 Star and 05 Star successively successfully entered the track and completed the rail test.

The relay satellite is the satellite that mainly serves the spacecraft. In layman's terms, it is like the "satellite satellite". The relay satellite is placed at a synchronous orbit height of 36,000 kilometers from the earth. It can observe the spacecraft running at low -oriented rails to provide it with sky -based test control services, or return the data obtained to the ground station.

"This high -oriented satellite surrounds the earth for a lap of time as the earth rotation, so it is relatively static. This is equivalent to having a beacon" in the space. Communication, only 3 pieces can be fully covered with all points of the earth, "said the head of the 03 Star of Tianchain 2.

Satellite schematic diagram (provided by the fifth hospital)

02

One -time transition upgrade

If the Tianchang No. 1 satellite realizes that the Chinese relay satellite has been from scratch, then the Skylin No. 2 satellite is the beginning of the Chinese relay satellite from the beginning to strong.

"Compared with the first generation of relay satellites, the second generation of relay satellites is a transitional upgrade." According to the deputy chief chief of Tianchang No. 2 Star, the 03 star and 02 star of Tianchain 2 are "twin brothers" The technical status is highly consistent. While fully inheriting the mature technology and development experience accumulated in the development process of Tianchain 2 01 star, a number of technical upgrades and optimizations have been carried out.

The first is to expand the number of service target users. Compared with the first -generation satellite of the Tianchain, the second -generation satellite of the Tianchain can provide services to users several times more at the same time, and the coverage is more widely covered, which can be realized as user spacecraft services within 200 kilometers to 20,000 kilometers. At the same time, relay satellites have also greatly improved the real -time control and access ability of rail users.

The second is to improve the ability of satellites in rail mobility. In order to meet the needs of satellite multi -track changes, the 02 stars and 03 stars of Tianchain No. 2 and 03 stars have improved from the improvement of single -zone monorail work to a design that can be applied to multi -zone and multi -track work, that is, it can be applicable to the existing existing rails on the track. The position greatly improves the mobility of satellites on the track.

"The improvement of single -star maneuverability will greatly enhance the robustness and flexibility of the entire Tianchain's relay system." Said the designer of the 03st star 03 star of Tianchain 2, " It has greater elasticity during the mission, and can be adjusted many times as needed. "

In addition, the adaptability and compatibility of satellite platforms have also increased. When the Tianchang No. 2 Star and 03 Star started development, the core single machines have been localized, and the product performance is stable. At the same time, the satellite development team through the design of satellite architecture and the generalization, modular design of hardware and software, so that the hardware equipment and main software systems of the satellite platform are complete and adaptable. Purpose.

03

Can meet the needs of diverse tasks

For relay satellites, the main task is to provide Tianji remote testing and data relay services for the manned spacecraft and manned space station, such as heaven and earth calls, space lectures, meeting docking, and outlet activities. The relay satellite is done to ensure the measurement and control of each aircraft and the two -way data image transmission of each aircraft.

With the development of technology, relay satellites have gradually expanded demand in use. Today, the relay series satellite can also provide services for spacecraft with real -time big data returning demand for medium and low -oriented.

"Previously, in the process of satellite launch, we would all send far -looking measurement vessels to cooperate with overseas land base measurement and control stations to perform the sea -based relay transmission tasks, high sailing costs, and limited arcs." Tianchang No. 2 03 Star Deputy Commander Commander Tell reporters that with the relay satellites, they can be equipped with the club terminal of the sky chain satellite. During the operation of the low -oriented rail operation, they can directly measure and control through the sky chain satellite.

At present, there is another relay satellite in space 36,000 kilometers away. When it adds to the large family of the Sky Chain Satellite Satellite System, it will play a role in far more than a single star power.

In the future, its application scenarios will become more and more, which will play an important role in improving the time -effectiveness of manned spacecraft, mid -to -low -orientation spacecraft information, the safety of rail operation, and the flexibility of task implementation.

Satellite schematic diagram (provided by the fifth hospital)

04

The spacecraft's position capture capacity is stronger. Of course, the 03 star of Tianchain No. 2 wants to meet the user's more task needs, and its research and development process must also overcome more technical problems.

Tianchang No. 2 03 star was developed by the Oriental Red Platform platform. The effective load of the whole star is divided into antenna, forwarder, and the arrest system. The most important thing is to capture the tracking antenna.

"These two antennas provide a large -scale and high -precision capture tracking target users and providing high -speed passage functions. The performance of the antenna is still internationally leading." Said the 2nd Star of Tianchang No. 2.

There are few countries that can do because this technology is difficult.

In the production session of the antenna structure, the development team strictly screens the parts with a relatively balanced parameter to assemble into a product. After completing the assembly, it is necessary to perform high and low temperature circulation assessment in the vacuum environment to verify the index conditions of the antenna in the worst environment.

As a relay satellite, if you want to keep the communication link between satellites and spacecraft, you must use high -precision technology to capture the position of the spacecraft. These technical problems all determine the longer development cycle of the 03 star of Tianchain 2.

"Like a large angle rotation test verification, tens of thousands of reciprocating tests in vacuum environment can ensure that its service life meets the index requirements. This test is both normal and standard for us." (China Aerospace News)

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