Can oil fume make ink?You can also make the writing freezing silk ~

Mo is an indispensable tool for Chinese people to write. Whether it is stone carvings or scholarship, it is inseparable from the writing of Mo. The Chinese people have the realistic feelings of "my family washing pond trees and blooming flowers blooming ink marks", and the realistic feelings of "black clouds over the mountains, white rain jumping into the boat", and "stunning and rain" Broadness. So, where does Mo come from? What is the relationship with plants? Can oil fume make ink?

There is a trick of pine smoke ink

The method of picking the pine tobacco ink system recorded in "Tiantong Kaishin · Dan Qing Vol."

The first person recorded in history was the criminal of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the raw materials used were the burning ash of pine wood. The ink made of this raw material is called a pine tobacco ink. The appearance of Song tobacco ink is a leap in the history of Chinese ink. Since then, people have bid farewell to the era of using natural ink (graphite).

Artificial collection of resin scratches

Pine trees are evergreen needles and trees, which belong to the naked plants. There is a special structure on the stems of the pine tree called resin tract, which can secrete colorless and transparent oil -like pine fat. This is one of the ways to protect themselves in pine and cypress plants. After being bitten by animals or broken by external forces, pine fat will quickly accumulate and cover near the "wound" to prevent deterioration. Before making ink and lipped, the pine trees should be removed, otherwise the burning ash will be bonded.

Oil pine is used to make the most species of pine smoke inks. It is a wide range of local species in China. It has a large oil production. The oil fume formed during burning is thick. The pine smoke ink made by oil pine is delicate and dark. From the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, the Chinese ink industry developed rapidly, and the proportion of pine tobacco and ink accounted for increasingly. The quality of the ink has a lot to do with the age of the pine tree. The ink color made of the old tree is bright and the quality is delicate. Therefore, many thick ancient pine was deleted. With the lack of ink source and the increasing demand for ink, finding new ink -making raw materials is imminent.

Oil plants are very "ingredients"

Soybean structure schematic diagram (drawing | Chen He)

Since the Ming Dynasty, people have tried to use other plants with high oil content for ink. Plant seeds such as tung, rape, and soybean contain a large amount of fat, and are called oil plants. For example, the soybean soybeans contain 1 to 4 seeds in the pods, and the diameter is 5-9.8 mm. It consists of two parts: embryo and seed skin. Almost both oil and protein are concentrated in the cotyledon in the embryo. In addition, the rapeseeds, tungs and ramie of the family of Cross Flowers are excellent oil plants.

The tung oil, twisted oil, cauliflower oil, and soybean oil made of oil, raw, rapeseed, and soybean seeds can burn smoke ink. The method is to put a board on the oil lamp, lit the oil lamp, and slowly turn black on the board, and it can be made into ink.

The oil smoke ink is more delicate than the pine smoke ink, because the carbon kernels of the oil fume are much thinner than the pine smoke, and the smooth writing can be increased. Therefore, the oil fume ink gradually replaced the pine tobacco ink, becoming one of the ink species used by the literati.

Inheritance of writing

Modern writing tools are more diverse, and the ink used is also different. The solid ink strip in the pencil core is graphite. The bottle ink used in the soft pen and the viscous ink irrigated in the neutral pen, the raw materials are carbon powder.

The production of ink is similar to the principle of ink -making in ancient times. The carbon powder is formed by various minerals, plants and animals through combustion or thermal decomposition, and the grinding and refined carbon powder is added to the diluted and dissolved glue. Phenol, water, etc. have been sieved, and the use of technology has achieved large -scale production.

Some ink smells the ink smell after being placed, which is caused by the deterioration of glue corruption used in the process of making ink. More chemical solvents are added to the ink used in neutral pens, including stabilizers that can eliminate ink precipitation, and prevents corrosion of the pen tip and preservatives.

Black ink uses carbon particles, and the ink of other colors is mostly chemical pigments. For example, blue ink uses acidic ink blue, and red ink uses dawn red A (acid dye). Different types of pens use different forms and colors of ink to help people leave marks on various media, inherit writing, and provide materials for the exploration and inspection of the latecomers.

This article comes from the magazine of "Knowledge is Power", author Liu Haiming, Song Huijia, the original title "Ink and Plants".

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