Why did young people fall in love with the Song Dynasty of "poverty and weakness"?
Author:Look at the think tank Time:2022.07.12
Royal Street has always been south, crossing the state bridge, and there are homes on both sides, and home and shops are mixed with the store. The famous shops in the east include Che Jiaban, Zhangjia Hotel, Wanglou Cave plum buns, Li Jiaxiangpu, Cao Mother -in -law meat cake, Li Four Tea.
There is a street in the west of the street to the west of the street, named "Quyuan Street". There is a fairy shop in the south of Quyuan Street. The decoration is luxurious. There is a building in front of the building. The Kaifeng people call it "on the stage". The corner of the eleventh text; the north of Quyuan Street has Xuejia tea, sheep rice, and cooked lamb shop; from here to the west to the "Courtyard Street", that is, the "red light district".
Professor Zhao Dongmei, a professor at the Department of History of Peking University, wrote the "Northern Song Tokyo Tourism Guide" in the works "Fireworks on the Earth", which is based on the notebook memoir "Tokyo Menghua Records" of the Southern Song Dynasty literati Meng Yuan.
The TV series "Menghua Record" is also named here. Zhao Pan'er (Liu Yifei) and other three sisters entered the Liangliang City, Tokyo, and was instantly hooked by pedestrians such as weaving lanterns. Someone dances lion, some people jug, sing and dance in the restaurant, crowds in the night market, can also meet monks and merchants holding camels.
Following the TV series "Do you know if it should be green fat red and thin" and "Qingpingle", "Menghua Lu" has led to a wave of Song Dynasty heat. According to the statistics of "Workers' Daily", as of June 13, the popularity of "Xiangyang Tangcheng Film and Television Base" of "Menghua Record" has risen 75%on tourism websites.
And this year's CCTV Spring Festival Gala, the dance poetry drama "Only this green and green" behind the Song painting "Thousands of Miles" is amazing, and was praised by netizens as the "Chinese aesthetic peak." After that, the play is hard to find.
Chen Yinque, a scholar of the Republic of China, once said: "The culture of the Huaxia nation has a thousand years of evolution, and it is extremely in the world of Zhao Song." What era is this?
"Only this green"
Text ｜ Zhou Xiaoxiao
This article is reproduced from the WeChat public account "Seeing the World Lab" (ID: Vistaedulab). The original first was released on July 9, 2022. The original title "Why did young people fall in love with the Song Dynasty of" poverty and weak "? ", Does not mean looking at the view of the think tank.
1
Fireworks of civilian society
"Jin Cui is dazzling, Luo Qi is fragrant. The new voice laughed in Liu Mohua, and he was tuned in the tea house in the tea house ..." As the memories of the veteran Meng, the Northern Song Tokyo was indeed the most prosperous and rich city in the world at that time.
The Song Dynasty was a civilian society. Kaifeng and Luoyang in the Northern Song Dynasty can be said to be the first city in Chinese history. "Until the night market, it was only after the three more, and the fifth again opened again. If you go to trouble, you are well -known." The state bridge on the Luohe River is the largest night market in the city.
Therefore, Zhao Dongmei lamented in "Fireworks on the Earth", "The feeling of shopping brought by the layout of Jingjing City is what we modern people can't be familiar with."
The Song Dynasty was a preliminary maturity of the Chinese food culture. In addition to pepper, the seasoning commonly used in the kitchen has been prepared.
Moreover, the most commonly used cooking method of modern Chinese people in the Song Dynasty -cooking. There is also a very worth mentioning achievement in the Song Dynasty: the introduction of drought -resistant city rice, which greatly relieved the grain shortage. As a result, not only the three meal systems began to popularize a day, but also made the brewing industry flourishing.
So the Song people are good. Li Huarui, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, estimated at least 159 million commercial wines circulating in the market based on the total amount of wine lessons in Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty. Based on a person's need for 6 stone mouths a year, these rice can be used for more than 2.6 million people to eat for a whole year.
There are wines and dishes, and the catering industry in the Song Dynasty is unprecedentedly developed. Kaifeng's restaurant uses silver disk silver bowls. The set is nearly a hundred or two silver. This is not comparable to the ordinary restaurant today.
In "Menghua Record", Zhao Pan'er's restaurant opened later in the Song Dynasty, also known as "Zhengdian" in the Song Dynasty, mainly selling wine, selling wine and tea rice, and "ordering takeaway". It is the leader of the Tokyo food industry.
Zhao Pan'er played by Liu Yifei in "Menghua Record" pour tea for the guests.
There is a sign of the Song Dynasty restaurant called "Lottery Tower Huanmen", which is built with bamboo and wooden decorative gate buildings. In the restaurant, there are the "little dong" of singing and art, as well as the singer who welcomes the guests.
In addition to the catering industry, Zhao Dongmei introduced that the Song Dynasty also had a "four divisions and six bureaus" that specializes in banquets. People control "the tray, ask the book, arrange the second to sit. Kaifeng people enjoy the convenience.
The daily life of the Song Dynasty pays attention to "elegance and vulgarity", pushing all the peaks of eating, drinking, and fun. Among them, the "four idle things" burning incense, tea, hanging painting, and flower arrangement are not only the interest of life, but also the daily elegant skills. Regardless of men and women, the Song people have the customs of viewing flowers and flowers.
Judging from Zhao Pan'er's choice, she has a business mind. Tea and wine are the most important drinks in the Song Dynasty.
The scene of Zhao Pan'er who appeared many times in "Menghua Record" made a tea -100 show, which was played again on the basis of tea, a bit like the current coffee flower. The Song people's tea is mainly "fighting color and fighting." The black tea cups are lined with snow -white foam. You can see that the milk is raging, and it is best to bite and condense.
Zhao Dongmei went to the museum to appreciate the artifacts of the Song Dynasty and felt the kind of beauty that came from. 2
Why do young people love the Song Dynasty?
In 2017, for the first time, the Palace Museum exhibited the "Thousands of Miles and Mountains" in the form of full volume, setting off a wave of viewing. In order to take a look at this painting, the audience held dry food in the Forbidden City and lined up.
Han Zhen and Zhou Lia, the directors of "This Green and Green", also crowded to the Forbidden City "pilgrimage". At that time, they did not expect that they would end up with this painting in the future.
Two years later, the Chinese Oriental Performing Arts Group, who worked, sent them a task to create a work that shows the charm of traditional Chinese culture. The team unanimously thought of the "Thousands of Rivers and Mountains".
"The beauty of" Thousands of Rivers and Mountains "is emotional attached to the entire dynasty. The young artist shows the richness and elegance of the Northern Song Dynasty in this scenery. Interest: Mountain Village Yedu, Bamboo Hats, and even drinking, eating tea, burning incense, flower arrangement, hanging paintings, as if they were all in front of them ... "The writer Jiang Xun once sighed.
This year's appearance on the CCTV Spring Festival Gala this year also made the audience who was accustomed to the redness of the red -it turned out to be the same!
Zhao Dongmei also thinks that "only this green and green" is beautiful: "The painting was not moved, it became dynamic, and the design of its stage was classical in modern ways. There was a conversation between modern and classical classics. That's great. "
Interestingly, when the "Thousands of Miles and Mountains" was exhibited in the Forbidden City in 2013, it did not trigger the pilgrimage of the whole people, and most of the viewers were industry insiders. The directors of "This Green and Green" Han Zhen and Zhou Lia visited the associate researchers of the Palace Museum Wang Zhongxu, and asked him: Why is the "Thousands of Miles" suddenly so hot?
Wang Zhongxu said that he was also amazed at the beginning, but slowly studying that he realized that every piece of cultural relics had its era, and the era of "Thousands of Rivers and Mountains" was here.
In the past, when talking about the Song Dynasty, I always remembered the words in historical textbooks: poverty and weakness. TV dramas are rarely related to the Song Dynasty's drama. In the past, the Song Dynasty dramas were either folk imaginations with particularly heavy legend, such as "Legend of the New White Lady", Bao Qingtian and Yang Family. "Water Margin" and Jin Yong's drama "Tianlong Babu", "Heroes of the Condor Heroes" and "The Condor Heroes".
Zhao Dongmei also began to pay attention to the popular spread of the Song Dynasty drama from "Qing Ping Le". She gave an example. Bao Zheng did not take a year in total. He was really great, but "he is not Holmes, it is the folk constantly put all stories on him."
Stills of "Qingpingle".
She lamented that creators who have been highly educated and academic training have participated in the production of Song Dynasty dramas in recent years. In addition, the audience has improved, so that she can see a better service and closer to the authentic plot of history.
On the Internet, Zhao Dongmei saw a girl who restored the makeup and costumes of the Song Dynasty. "She really draws Yuanshan eyebrows. At a glance, she knew that it was by no means imported, but from ancient paintings. It was placed on the Chinese face that was relatively three -dimensional, and it was beautiful."
In her opinion, these young netizens have been highly educated and have strong ability to obtain knowledge. They can take the initiative to read historical materials. Not only do they directly contact the first -hand information of the Song Dynasty, they can also make it. "We can see the Song Dynasty, and to appreciate the good of the Song Dynasty. There is no doubt because the national self -confidence has enhanced."
The change of mentality naturally brings a conversion of perspective. "The reason why the Song Dynasty could enter the younger generation's vision was also related to our personal awakening. It began to care about individual life and daily life. When those things are valuable, the Song Dynasty began to shine, and you can see it."
Bao Weimin, a professor at the Department of History of Renmin University of China, also thought: "We used to imagine the Song Dynasty very much, and always felt that it was a relatively weak dynasty, especially in military capabilities. Will you suddenly be interested in it? One of the very important reasons is that of course we have developed in recent years. We have a little cultural confidence. We don't just see political and military affairs. We will look at its social life and it Culture and so on. "
3
"I'm not Song Fan"
However, whether it is Zhao Dongmei or Bao Weimin, it reminds that don't just look at one side, only take one fragment to beautify the Song Dynasty too much. "Just like the former people will completely deny the Song Dynasty. Today we feel that there are some good things in the Song Dynasty. It does have some things that pursue rationality. There are scholars politics, a side of tolerance politics, and a relatively free side, but another one, but another one On the one hand, we cannot idealize the Song Dynasty, and we cannot idealize the people of the Song Dynasty. "
Once a new book conference, many experts from Song history came. They said the same sentence: "I am not a Song fan, I am just a researcher in the Song Dynasty."
For books such as "Tokyo Menghua Record" and "Mengliang Lu", Zhao Dongmei emphasized that the book records "the selected, beautiful truth". "" Tokyo Menghua Record "is a beautiful memory of the old capital after the Northern Song Dynasty. It is essentially a sweet dream, and it is unlikely to touch the problems encountered in the development of Tokyo. His boyfriend who had been in love and then broke up later. He hasn't had time to do evil, and he will be brought into a filter in his memory. "
The Song people love to use incense. Zhao Dongmei feels that there may be a basic and practical needs: Gaiwei. The life of the ancients is not as convenient as today. "How many days do you think about taking a bath?" ", Use both hands to rub the whole body. Another example is that foot binding began in the Song Dynasty. Because of her foot binding, Zhao Dongmei even gave birth to Su Dongpo -the first word of praise of three inches of golden lotus in Chinese history was written by Su Dongpo: "Tu Xiang Mo Xilian's pace, Changchu Luo socks. The wind has no trace. Stealing the palace is stable, and the double storm is difficult. Simply say that it is difficult, you must look at it from the palm. "
In the Southern Song Dynasty, the customs of feet began to become popular and poisoned Chinese women for hundreds of years.
Bao Weimin's "Research on the Song Dynasty" directly pulled the modern people's imagination of Tokyo and the Song Dynasty back to reality from dreams. For example, the Song Dynasty tax was too high, the urban area was dirty, crowded, and the population density was too high. Residents' buildings and shops would occupy public areas. Due to the "neighboring city", the authoritarian government, such as the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an Government, ignored the people's life and death, and took measures to rush to rush. In the three years of Shan Shaoxing (1133 years), "the schemes were ruined with hundreds of thousands, and the urgency of the day was no different from the burning."
"The part of everyone is just a very small number of upper classes of society, not the lives of most ordinary people." For example, he said, "Of course, there are night markets in the Song Dynasty, but it is only a few places. Go to eat stalls at night. It is impossible. At that time, the city was essentially a government administrative center. The main function of the city wall was defense. Close regularly, open the door in the morning. "
Stills of "Menghua Record".
And the regional differences are particularly large. "Think about it, is it the same thing in the small counties in the northwest now? They are very different. Most cities talk about the general trend. First, it has obvious progress. This is right. It is actually diversified. Third, most small and medium cities are still very common in modern eyes, and it is never so prosperous. "
Remember in "Menghua Record", Zhao Pan'er opened a tea shop in Tokyo. After a few days of the lively business, the business was bleak? Because they spread the tea on Maxing Street, many horse traffickers are gathered here, and ordinary people rarely drink tea that is expensive and time -consuming. In the play, two people came to the door, ordered two bowls of loose tea, dried it with a large mouth, and hurried away after paying the tea.
Although it is a TV series, it is about the truth. The labor class is exhausted just for the end of it. How can there be so many leisurely pursuing new compact and delicate?
As Bao Weimin said, "The common people are still the people, and the hardship is still the hardships. How can everyone live like that?"
Therefore, when Zhao Dongmei praised the Song Dynasty, there were always two limits: it reached "the best achievements in the political culture of the imperial period", and it was "the best achievement in the emperor system and Confucian politics."
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