Shanxi: Innovative training model to solve the dilemma of lack of grassroots talents in the grassroots level

In the "Implementation Measures for Free Orientation Training of Cultural Relics", it is an urgent need to cultivate innovative and pioneering measures for how to cultivate young generation of cultural relics reserves, because cultivating more and more professional cultural relics all -scientific talents.

There are more than 10 million cultural relics to be repaired in China, while cultural relics restoration workers have only more than 2,000 people. Culture ’s professional application has been cold for many years, and it is difficult to meet the needs of the post across professional recruitment.

Faced with the urgent needs of the times, this year Shanxi issued the "Implementation Measures for Free Orientation Training for Talent Talents of Cultural Relics" (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Measures"). In 5 years, it transported 600 general talents for cultural relics for grassroots cultural relics.

The actual action of the responsibility of the protection of cultural relics is the first case in the national cultural relic system, and it is the first in the history of cultural relics in our province.

Fix the bronze

The first batch of freshmen in September will enter the gate of cultural relics in Shanxi University

The rich cultural heritage carries the genes and blood of the Chinese nation, and records the ups and downs of the Chinese civilization. As a "cradle of Chinese civilization", Shanxi has the reputation of "seeing Shanxi on the ground".

Because our province is a large province for cultural relics resources, the number of cultural relics is large and widely distributed, and the quality is high, so the protection tasks are heavy and the safety pressure is huge. Liu Gang, director of the Personnel Education Department of the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau (Party Committee), believes that the biggest difficulty in the protection of cultural relics in our province is that a large number of cultural relics resources are distributed and dispersed, and most of them are distributed in the countryside. If the protection of the cultural relics of our province is metaphorized to a pyramid, the tower is a 531 national key cultural relics protection unit and the 779 provincial key cultural relics protection units. Due to the years of investment and protection and preservation, it is in the tower bottom. More than 40,000 low -level cultural relics are relatively worrying due to the many reasons for historical debt. And with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the regional hollowization of the county level is relatively serious. In addition, the grass -roots working environment and treatment cannot be compared with first -tier cities. Essence

Under this current situation, the cultivation of a system of cultural relics in archeological, cultural relics and museums to cultivate a system of cultural relics is one of the important tasks for protecting cultural relics.

Chen Xiaosan, deputy dean of the School of History and Culture of Shanxi University, believes: "The cultivation of the general talent of cultural relics in our province must closely follow the characteristics of cultural relics resources in our province -there are many distribution of cultural relics on the ground, and the archaeological resources of underground cultural relics are very rich. There are still a large number of museums to build and develop in various places. The training of general talents in cultural relics is centered on archaeological cultural relic buildings and museum -related knowledge. "

The college entrance examination has ended, and the "Talents of the Cultural Relics" have been included in the choice of volunteer for the college entrance examination. In the new semester of this year, the first batch of freshmen will enter the gate of cultural relics in Shanxi University. The "Implementation Measures" issued on the eve of the college entrance examination also gave the students who are majoring in the cultural relics, and ate a "resentment pill". Liu Gang said: "These students do have no worries. When they enter school, they are equivalent to employment and no employment pressure. They can focus on learning theoretical knowledge at school. Orientation employment units, enrollment of public institutions below the county level. "

How can I be a qualified literary worker?

Huaxia has never been a craftsman, and her feelings are unknown.

Behind the exquisite cultural relics exhibited at the Shanxi Museum, there are a group of silently dedicated literary and cultural workers. It was they used a pair of wonderful hands to wake the exquisite utensils from the dusty history and return to the glorious look.

Repair ancient calligraphy and painting

Sun Wenyan, a staff member of the Shanxi Museum, hosted the scriptures of an eldest son county in 2018. At that time, when the scroll was received, the disease was particularly serious. Not only was it crispy, but a large part of the incompleteness, and there were still several parts of being split into several paragraphs. At that time, there was a voice saying that it would be beautifully repaired. But Sun Wenyan disagreed, and she said, "We can't read the book as a hand roll, which actually changed the value of the cultural relics itself."

So she spell the fragments dropped by scrolls like a puzzle little by little, and then starts to make up the insect hole. After completing it, the edges are about 1 to 2 mm. They will use a thick meter to see how it is the problem of light transmission. Look at its curtain patterns, take 3 to 5 points to pursue a average. For paper cultural relics, it has potential harm. In the later period, they use plant dyes and dye the color to make it consistent with the cultural relics in color.

Watching Sun Wenyan's restoration at the time, listening to her telling, the reporter really could feel the difficulty of repairing cultural relics. Sun Wenyan said with a smile: "It is not easy to repair, it must be well repaired, what do we want to do to protect and repair!"

This is the voice of a qualified cultural blogger from the heart.

In order to allow the general talent of cultural relics in our province to get started as soon as possible, the School of History and Culture of Shanxi University has widely referred to the practice of colleges and units at home and abroad in terms of curriculum setting. For about two and a half years, students must master the relevant theoretical knowledge within the school. For one and a half years, they have to go to the fields and the wild to participate in archeological excavation, museum display design, measurement, protection, and repair of ancient buildings, etc. In the relevant process, improve students' hands -on practical ability, and combine the theoretical knowledge of books in practice. Chen Xiaosan said: "These students have to return to the source of the source. In view of his understanding of his birthplace, he also mastered the relevant theoretical knowledge. It is convenient to carry out related work. This contains professional knowledge in it. With the hometown and affection, I think these people will become a backbone force that can be sustainable for the protection of cultural relics and long -term protection. "The integration of fresh blood will definitely activate the spring water of the cultural relic industry. Wang Xiaoyi, the dean of the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology and research librarian, said: "We have used 5 years to train 5 people in each county, and he can also engage in cultural relics and archeological work for 30 years. The cultural relic industry will create a solid foundation. Now there are many provinces who have asked us to ask us and learn from. ","

Repair mural

Young talent participation in the protection of cultural relics to relieve the serious shortage of grassroots talents

Professor Zhang Guangzhi, a well -known archeologist, has a very good article called "If there is a young archaeologist to ask", among them, he wrote: "I want to come to this young man to be happy, and he chose a promising future. Full professional ".

Chen Xiaosan said that Mr. Zhang's words are still suitable today. On the road of revitalizing our nation, he must be inseparable from our explanation of ancient culture. And the precious buildings that represent our culture, they are scattered in all parts of Shanxi, and we need to go deep into the line to discover them, explain them, protect them, and provide more cultural resources for social development. Build our own cultural self -confidence.

In the "Implementation Measures", the goal of our province is to transport 600 cultural relics from the grassroots units below the county for 5 years. Chen Xiaosan believes that the work of Wenbo is a combination of physical labor and brain labor. It is relatively hard. In addition to having professional knowledge, it is also necessary to have a enthusiasm for work. Today, young students are engaged in archaeological work of cultural relics. They cannot ask everyone to have the spirit of dedication, but they should also have more love, one more temperature, and one more. This is also his hope for the new students of the cultural relics this year.

With the implementation of the policy of free and free cultural relics, the implementation of this policy, I believe that in the near future, there will be more young talents who are interested in the protection of cultural relics to participate in the protection of cultural relics. The status quo, let the cultural relics work in the vicissitudes of the vicissitudes, and persisted in the fire of the fire, and strongly rang the historical echo of the Chinese literary pulse.

Shanxi Economic Daily reporter Wang Yuanwen/Picture

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