Flood prevention and flood prevention knowledge, please learn

The rainy season is coming. Pay attention to the safety of the flood season. For everyone's life and property safety, we will learn some common natural disasters and preventive measures in the flood season.

1. Basic knowledge of flood prevention

1. What is flood prevention

Flood prevention refers to the relevant work in order to prevent and reduce the flood disasters, in terms of flood forecasting, flood control scheduling, and flood control projects. The meaning of the flood refers to the seasonal or periodic water increase of rivers, lakes and other waters.

2. The characteristics of rainfall

Raining can be divided into four categories: peak rain, terrain rain, convection and typhoon rain according to the reasons for the rising air.

24-hour rainfall intensity and grade (unit: millimeter): small rain 10, medium rain 10-25, heavy rain 25-50, heavy rain 50-100, heavy rain, 100-250, and heavy rain than 250.

3. How to take precautionary measures for heavy rain

(1) The rainstorm comes, close the doors and windows to prevent rainwater from being pushed into the house. Once the water is inlet, the power, gas and other equipment are turned off.

(2) Cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply with low -lyinglands.

(3) Do not take the channel under the underground passage or the viaduct.

(4) Do not walk in the flowing water, and the 15 cm depth flow can make people fall.

(5) If the water flows, turbidity, and mixed mud in the mountains may be a precursor of the outbreak of the mountain floods, and the stream or river channel should be left.

(6) Driving the rain and mist lights during heavy rain, slow down, pay attention to preventing mountain floods, avoiding water and landslides sections.

(7) Pay attention to the electricity facilities on the street. If there is a wire slip, stay away and report the power department immediately.

(8) If there may be severe flooding in the residence, the residence should be evacuated to avoid it in a safe place.

(9) When encountering danger, please call 110 for help.

2. Hongshui

How to prevent and self -rescue when the flood outbreaks

(1) According to the flood information provided by TV, radio, etc., and the structural conditions of the houses where you are, you can choose to evacuate the location. Avoid "people do not go, water arrives first."

(2) Recognize the roadbag, clarify the evacuation route and destination, and avoid going the wrong way because of panic.

(3) Prepare foods that eat food or cook enough for a few days, and prepare enough drinking water and daily necessities. Those who are too late to transfer when the flood comes will be transferred to the upper floor of the hillside, the strong structure of the building, and the highlands.

(4) When the people in the mud room are too late to transfer, they must quickly find some floating materials such as door panels, tables and chairs, wooden beds, large foam plastics and other floats to escape. It is not advisable to swim and climb to the roof.

(5) Before the flood comes, the valuable items that are inconvenient to carry are bundled into the ground.

(6) If you are surrounded by floods, try to get in touch with the local government or department as soon as possible. Report your own orientation and danger, and actively seek rescue.

(7) Do not swim to escape, do not climb the electric pole and tower with electricity, and stay away from the tilt electric rod and the wires.

(8) If you have been involved in the flood, you must grasp the fixed or floating things as much as possible to find opportunities to escape.

Three, mountain floods

1. What is mountain flood

Mountain flood refers to a large flow rate and a short process. Often, a large amount of sediment and stone are sandwiched. The small area of ​​mountainous areas with strong sudden and destructive power.

2. What to do if you encounter sudden mountain floods

(1) Be sure to keep calm, quickly judge the surrounding environment, and escape to the mountains or higher as soon as possible. If you can't avoid it for a while, you should choose a relatively safe place to avoid floods.

(2) When the floods are outbreak, do not escape along the direction of the flood, but quickly avoid them. Don't easily wading the river. When the water depth exceeds the knee and the single cannot cross the river; when the water flow has reached the depth of the waist, everyone must not cross the river. If an accident that is overwhelmed by the river, the mind must be sober, and find a way to grasp the floating objects or shore trees and tree crickets in the river.

(3) It is not necessary to delay the escape time in order to divert poultry, valuables and other reasons, causing the "double death". Cut grass, hoe the ground on the mountain, encounter heavy rains, and avoid rain in caves, etc., to prevent the occurrence of landslides, rolling stones and collapse.

(4) In thunderstorms, the river valley rises quickly. Students should transfer to high places, but they cannot stay under the big trees or go to the top of the hill to avoid lightning damage.

(5) If the wire is low, it cannot be contacted with hands and body; when the vertical wire has been flushed by the river water, it cannot stay by the river, nor can it cross the river here. When the high -voltage wire is dumped, when the wires are hanging on the road surface, one is to stay away to prevent electric shock; the other is to report the relevant departments and repairs in time. At this moment, you must not be lucky. These situations will occur in electric shock, which is endangered.

(6) Be surrounded by mountain floods in the mountains, and should get in touch with the local government or department to seek rescue.

Fourth, mud stream

1. What is mudslide

The mudslite flow is a special torrent of the mountain ditch or the slope by the heavy rain, ice and snow melting containing a large amount of sand, stones, and boulder. The debris is often accompanied by the mountain floods. It is fierce, sudden, and destructive. In a short period of time, a large number of mudslides rushed out of the ditch and accumulated in the mouth.

2. How to avoid danger in the encountering mudslides

(1) When the crowd acts in the gully, once it encounters heavy rain and heavy rain, it should be quickly transferred to a safe highland. Do not avoid or stay under the low -lying bottom or steep hillside.

(2) Pay attention to the surrounding environment, and are particularly alert to abnormal sounds such as the collapse of the earth and stones from the distance, the flood roar, etc. This may be a sign of the mudslide flow. (3) When the debris flows comes, you must immediately run to the heights on both sides of the ditch. Do not run up or downstream in the direction of the ditch.

(4) After the rainstorm stops, do not rush to return to the ditch to live in the ditch.

Five, landslides and collapse

1. Lirtening refers to the influence of rocky and soil on the slope due to the influence of river flowing, groundwater activity, earthquakes, and artificial cutting slopes. Under the action of gravity, it declines along the slopes along a certain weak surface or decentralized. This phenomenon is called landslide. Commonly known as "walking mountains".

2. Ahead

(1) Before the occurrence of large landslides, the springs that have been disconnected for many years will "resurrect", and abnormal phenomena such as springs and well water suddenly dry water levels may occur.

(2) Horizontal and longitudinal radiation cracks appear in the middle or front of the landslide, and the landslide has entered a smooth state.

(3) Before the landslide, the land on the front of the front slopes of the landslide appeared (raised).

(4) The cracks of the back edge of the landslide expand sharply, and heat or cold wind from the crack.

(5) Animals are terrifying, plant deformation. Family animals such as pigs, dogs, cattle, etc. will occur, and they will not be able to fall asleep. The mice will not enter the hole, and the trees will wither or skew.

(6) Before the landslide, the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement in the long -term displacement observation data on the landslide will accelerate the trend of acceleration. This is a sign of obvious landslide.

After these landslides have occurred, preventive measures should be taken immediately.

3. collapse

It refers to the geological phenomenon of the rock and soil on the steep slope suddenly separated from the mother's collapse and rolling, and finally accumulated on the slope or grooved geological phenomenon.

4. What to do if you encounter landslides or collapse

(1) Pedestrians and vehicles should not enter or pass the dangerous area of ​​landslides and collapse with warning signs.

(2) When a precursor of landslide or collapse is found, the local government or relevant departments should be reported immediately, while notifying other threats of the masses to prepare for evacuation.

(3) When you are on the landslide and feel the ground changes, you must escape from the stable area on both sides at the fastest speed. Do not run away from the landslide and below.

(4) When you can't escape in the landslide body, find a slowly open slope and stay, but don't be too close to the house, wall, electric pole, etc.

(5) When you are at the forefront of the landslide or below the collapse body, you can only escape quickly to both sides. There is no choice.

Recently, rainwater has gradually increased. In order to better prevent floods and secondary disaster accidents during the flood season, avoid disasters, and build peace and harmony is everyone's common wish.

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