Wealth is not the same as value ｜ Unlimited thoughts

The development of productive forces has brought about the increase in social wealth and formed a "huge product accumulation". This is a very intuitive change. But the total value of the product has not changed. "No matter what changes in productivity, the value provided by the same labor in the same time is always the same in the same time," Marx said in "Capital".

Why does the total value of society change from scarcity to excess production? Because in these two situations, the social labor time of these wealth has not changed. Increased wealth does not equal value. The scarce production, the same as the social labor time of the oversupply, the same social labor time, contains the same total social labor.

We need to understand the total amount of social labor as a constant. For example, set the total social labor to 1, regardless of whether these labor is 1 billion labor or 3 billion labor force composition. Similarly, we must also use social labor hours to make normal ideas, such as one hour, regardless of productivity or not. In this way, the total amount of one -hour production in the whole society can also be considered as a constant. In this way, regardless of the labor population, the high or low labor efficiency, the geometry of production goods, the total value is 1.

Because the value of value is unchanged and the amount of commodity is increasing, we can say that the increase in production is the decrease in the value of each product. But the reduction is not balanced, but different from different people. According to Marx's example, "After using steam woven machines in the UK, a certain amount of garma is weaved into half less than in the past. In fact, the British handmade woven workers still use the gauze to woven the sara into the past. So much labor time, but at this time his one -hour personal labor product only represents half an hour of social labor, so the value also dropped to half of its previous. "

The elimination in the production process has been undergoing, and those who are lower than the general level of society will be unsustainable, and those who cannot complete the exchange will not continue. The necessary labor time of society has changed the scale with the development of productivity. The total value is allocated among more products, thereby re -assigning the value of the output of each production unit. Those more efficient production units can produce more products during the unit time, so as to occupy more value in product exchange.

The total number of social labor and social labor time remain unchanged, but its content has changed due to different productivity levels. Once the social productivity reaches a new level, it redefine what level of labor should be at the content, and what the amount of production should reach within a certain period of time. The new starting point has been established. One hour passed to the production of 3 cars, and now it can mean 6. The labor benchmark is re -"produced", and the social labor time is re -set.

(Author: Liu Hongbo Hubei Xian Tao people. Yangtze Daily commentator, senior journalist.)

【Edit: Zhang Jing】

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