Prevent and resolve digital technology risks in urban emergency management

In recent years, urban emergency management has gradually developed, and digital technologies such as big data and the Internet of Things have been applied to urban emergency management, bringing great convenience. However, the application of digital technology in the field of urban emergency management has also brought certain risks. Digital technology is inseparable from the support of power facilities, network communication, etc., which put forward requirements for the effectiveness, safety and stability of the infrastructure. At the same time, the negative impact of digital technology, that is, the carrier of the "people" and "objects" factor of the urban emergency management system, has also been impacted by digital technology applications, which may lead to different types of risks. Preventing and resolving the risks brought by digital technology to urban emergency management systems are becoming more necessary and urgent.

Digital technology application and advantages

Affected by factors such as promoting urbanization process, tight land resources, and abnormal environmental conditions, various urban emergencies (such as natural disasters, production safety accidents, emergencies, social safety incidents, etc.) continued to occur. Management is becoming more necessary and urgent. Coperly respond to urban emergencies and involve different government functional departments. Applying digital technology to the strategic planning and design of urban emergency management can effectively integrate emergency resources of multiple departments, avoid internal consumption of resources, and improve response efficiency.

At present, the importance of digital technology in urban emergency management is self -explanatory, and it has become the consensus of professionals in related fields. Urban emergencies have put forward a lot of demand for digital technology. Digital technology plays an increasingly important role in the research and judgment and early warning, monitoring positioning, experience simulation, and post -disaster rescue operations in multiple risks and different disasters. Essence For example, the implementation of the "one -click alarm" digital platform promoted in many places in China and the active emergency command system in various places has improved the effectiveness of digital technologies in responding to the practical governance of urban emergencies.

Multi -dimensional exploration different risks

Digital cities built by digital technology and related infrastructure, while greatly improving the convenience and governance efficiency of human life, they also generate different risks due to the instability of digital technology. Urban emergency management "binding" by digital technology is similar to "put eggs in a basket", and different departments have formed an indescribable network structure through digital technology. In this network structure, if a key node or network foundation has problems, such as the attack on earthquakes, floods, and violent terror, the entire network may have different problems or even paralysis. For example, the strong earthquake in Hokkaido in Japan triggered a large -scale internet disconnection, and the city of Sapporo instantly became the "Dark Capital".

After the network paralysis or interruption under digital technology support, it will have a great impact on the lives and work of the affected people. Generally speaking, the risks and influences brought by digital technology network applications are specifically manifested in the influence of multiple risk chains such as "things" and "people" factors. The risk impact of digital technology networks on the dimension level of urban infrastructure such as urban infrastructure. For example, urban emergency command network interruptions, command networks cannot obtain bottom disaster information information, even if the disaster information is obtained, it is limited by network transmission channel interruption. The upload of the disaster information has failed, which brings great challenges to the emergency information of urban emergencies and effective decision -making command. The risk impact brought by the "object" dimension directly leads to the risk of the "human" dimension level. Once the disaster causes the interruption of urban network facilities, the digitalization, informatization, and network of human beings today will restrain people's work and life. For example, relying on code -scanning payment, transactions, travel, etc. will be unavailable. It can be seen that people who are immersed in the convenience environment of digital technology will also suffer risks caused by digital technology once disasters. In addition, under the influence of multiple risk chains such as "things" and "people", how to treat digital technology information pollution and value information in the process of response to urban emergencies, it has also become a problem that needs to be faced.

Risk prevention and resolution

Faced with the emerging digital technology risks of urban emergency management business, this study attempts to propose a strategy to prevent and resolve emerging risks from the level of "people" and "things".

First, actively tap the prevention and resolution measures of the risk of digital technology in urban emergency management. Digital technology is widely used in urban emergency management. In particular, the construction of emergency management information platforms is being promoted one after another in the national emergency system. The accompanying digital technology risks are inevitable, and it is critical to do a good job of risk prevention and resolution. In -depth research on the mechanism of digital technology risks in urban emergency management, do a good job of risk recognition, monitoring and warning at the source, and discovering problems in a timely manner and correctioning it is the top priority. For example, the emergency command information platform is currently widely used in different departments. One of the guarantee measures for healthy operations is to do the strategic planning and design of the platform in advance, and do possible risk prevention work from the design level of the source engineering technology. Specific measures include: backup network lines, backup power supply, systematic command platform backup, alternative emergency energy, etc. You can use brainstorming or Delphi method to use the wisdom of the employees or experts of the unit, and even the wisdom of the whole society to consider the possible black swan incident and the gray rhino incident. At the same time, actively do a good job of emergency prevention preparations, implement the different stages of urban emergency management such as preparation, response disposal, and post -disaster recovery before the disaster, implement the bottom line thinking, and do a good job of digital technology risk prevention in urban emergency management. In this way, once disasters occur, emergency science can be achieved and scientific emergency. In addition, the history of human development is also a history of rescue. In the face of disaster, humans must learn how to live in harmony with nature. Therefore, the current work concept of emergency management is "prevention -oriented, combining anti -rescue." Based on this understanding, urban emergency management must further do a good job of risk chain break after the risk of the series of platforms, as well as resolution such as risk avoidance and transfer. For example, the urban emergency management platform relying on electricity facilities and digital technology, once the impact of extreme events such as heavy rainstorms, there is a possibility of paralysis at any time, and a series of chain reactions will occur. In this regard, relevant departments should have emergency facilities such as a traditional power -off backup system and non -wire transmission system for public information. Secondly, actively explore the prevention and resolution measures of the risk of digital technology in urban emergency management. Once the factors of "things" are hit by emergencies, one of the risk chain reactions brought by is the impact on the impact of "people" factor, and the necessity and urgency of these impact effects is preventive. Preventing the risk of digital technology on the risk of "people", we must first understand what the "people" factors are affected by the risks and the mechanism of risks, and then the right medicine can be used. In addition, on the one hand, the risk impact of digital technology on "people" factors must consider whether people can control the realistic problems of emerging digital technology. On the other hand, we must comprehensively consider the factors of "people". For example, digital technology is applied in urban emergency management, which improves the efficiency of emergency management. important. In response to these two practical needs, the factors of "people" must be solved, that is, professional organization teams and social emergency response network system construction issues. Relevant responsible entities shall establish professional organizational team training channels through the integration of production and education, to activate the vitality of social emergency resources, have a long -term strategic normative layout vision, and implement short -term training with the training of counterpart education systems. Socialized emergency response network emergency capacity system, thus planning ahead, and the risk of "people" factors that are impacted by digital technology.

Digital technology is an important supporting tool for realizing the modernization of the national emergency management system and capacity. It is also an important measure to deal with emergency management business of urban emergencies. The business has also benefited. However, from the perspective of dialectics, the stronger the digital technology considers the urban emergency management business, the greater the challenge of digital technology to the safety of urban operation, and the unstable and uncertainty of urban emergency management work will increase. Digital technologies redefine the city and redefine how urban emergency management is implemented. It is a powerful promoter for humans to pursue a happy life. Strengthen the comprehensive balance of digital technology use and digital technology risks, and promote the construction of the destiny community of the digital network space of urban emergency management. In particular, we must attach importance to the research of digital technology risks in urban emergency management.

(Author unit: School of Emergency Management of Henan University of Technology)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Qian Hongwei

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