Xinjiang: Standardized planting, fruit farmers' pockets are drumming up

Reporter Cao Hua

Some people say that forest fruit planting is simple, a tree seedlings, a good field, can be harvested. Some people say that forest fruit planting is difficult. From seedling, planting, management, to picking, transportation, processing, each link has a set of scientific standards. Which link is not handled well, it will affect the output and quality of the fruit.

Jane and difficulty are the two different sides of forest fruit planting. The former represents the production of small farmers of one family, and the latter represents large -scale and standardized production. In the past ten years, the development of the forest and fruit industry in Xinjiang has undergone a transformation from Jane's difficulty. More and more forest fruit production sessions have been injected into the "standardization" element to promote the continuous progress of Xinjiang forest fruit industry into modern production.

Xiao Baixing changed from "unable to sell" to "not enough sell"

Beginning in mid -to -late May, Xiaobaixing, a Toco Naita Village in Yaha Town, Kuqi City, entered a mature period. Full apricots were full of branches. The villagers were busy picking and packing and preparing to sell them to other provinces.

"Last year, our family's 10 acres of apricot income was 30,000 yuan. This year, the price of Xingzi reached 20 yuan per kilogram, and it is expected to earn 60,000 yuan." The villagers Zuo Ranmu bought Hemu Timi is very optimistic about the harvest of Xiaobai apricot this year.

The car market is "the hometown of small white apricots in China". In recent years, the production of small white apricots has increased year by year. Apricot has more than 10 tons of the market in other provinces through air transportation during the mature season, covering more than 40 cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chengdu.

"This year, the purchase price of Xiaobai apricot is between 20 and 23 yuan per kilogram. We plan to acquire 80 tons and transport them to the wholesale market in Beijing through the cold chain, and then distribute them to Tianjin and Shenyang. In about 7 days, Xiaobai apricot can enter the major cities in the country in the first time, "said Han Yunhua, a merchant from Beijing.

In the past ten years, Han Yunhua has acquired Xingzi every year in Xinjiang and has witnessed the huge changes in the unable to sell from Kobayashi from the unable to sell to the in short supply. Behind this is the huge transformation of fruit farmers from childhood agriculture to standardized planting.

"When I first came to Kukai to acquire Xiaobai apricot in 2012, the local small white apricot product rate was almost zero. Due to the lack of management, the output was low, and the pests were serious. It was also uneven, so only a few hundred kilograms could be transported outside the country every day. "Han Yunhua said.

As Xinjiang's forest fruit industry has increased the quality of fruit quality year by year, the small white apricot of the warehouse has gradually changed. Especially in recent years, Xinjiang has implemented the quality and efficiency improvement project of the forest fruit industry. A large number of technical personnel sank to the fields to bring management technology and modern planting thinking for farmers. The output and quality of apricots have been greatly improved. "Now the commodity rate of Kuroshikai is more than 70%, which is a very big change." Han Yunhua said.

Nowadays, the small white apricot growers in Kuqi Market generally accept the concept of "standardization" management. How to cut pruning, fertilize, how to take medicine, and when they are picking, all have standards. These standards run through all aspects of the production of small and white apricots, which greatly improves the output and quality of Xiaobai apricot, and the market supply is in short supply.

At present, the area of ​​Xiaobai apricot planting in Kuqi Market has reached 100,000 mu, and it has also been certified by the national agricultural product geographical indication. The local area has passed the "technical promotion+base+enterprise+farmers" to achieve large -scale and standardized production. The advantageous industrial chain was formed, and 4 processing companies, 21 fruit processing enterprises, and 147 forest fruit professional cooperative were cultivated.

Oki Ahad Ai Rik Village, Oklek Township (April 17th). In recent years, Yecheng County has closely focused on quality and efficiency and promoting the scale and standardized production of the walnut industry, making the county's 580,000 acres of walnut trees a "cash cow" for local people to increase their income and get rich. Vetera

The standard system supports the output quality of forest fruit "double jump"

From being unable to sell, to the in short supply, the change of Xiaobai apricot in the coach is the epitome of Xinjiang's forest fruit industry insisted on taking "standardized" high -quality development.

Data from the forestry and grassland bureaus from the Autonomous Region show that after years of construction, there are currently 364 technical standards in Xinjiang Forestry Fruit Industry, including 28 national standards, 31 forestry industry standards, and 305 local standards in Xinjiang. Xinjiang Forest Fruit Industry Standards are the main body, industry standards and local standards, and supplemented by corporate standards and group standards. system.

In 2020, the Autonomous Region issued the "Implementation Opinions on Further Strengthening the Standardization of Forest and Fruit Industry in the Autonomous Region", which clearly proposed to accelerate the standardization of the forest and fruit industry, improve the standard system of the forest and fruit industry chain, and implement the standardization of the main plant management model, standardization of pest control technology, product product standardization, and product products. Standardization of quality grading and standardization of the two bids and one standard. "Standardization is a basic work of the development of forest and fruit industry, and it is an effective means to promote the high -quality development of forest fruit industry." Relevant staff of the Science and Technology Division of the Forestry and Grassland Bureau of the Autonomous Region said that the construction of the forest and fruit standard system is the scale of the forest and fruit industry in Xinjiang , Industrialization, branding, and green development have provided strong technical support, and the output and quality of forest fruit have been significantly improved.

In 2021, Xinjiang's product fruit rate reached 86%, an increase of 11 percentage points from 2017. The output of forest fruit was 8.64 million tons, an increase of 1.15 million tons from 2017. Xinjiang's forest fruit industry realized the "double jum" of production and quality.

"The development of Xinjiang forest and fruit industry has a considerable scale, facing the reality of going out of Xinjiang to participate in the competition at home and abroad. Only standardized management can solve the problem of consistency of forest fruit products. One process. Only in this way can Xinjiang Forests be able to occupy a place in fierce market competition and become a rich people industry that drives farmers' income. "Said Zhang Qiang, a researcher at the Institute of Economic Forestry Research of the Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences. As an expert in the field of walnuts, Zhang Qiang witnessed the changes in walnut planting in the southern Xinjiang region in recent years. "Yecheng County is one of the two major main producing areas of Xinjiang walnuts, with a planting area of ​​580,000 mu. In 2018, when our district implemented the quality and efficiency of the forest and fruit industry, there are quite a lot of secret plantations in the wallet garden in Yecheng County. Yamato lacks scientific management, showing the embarrassment of the three lows of yield, quality, and benefits. In recent years, after continuous and dense transformation and other series of quality and efficiency measures, the density of walnut planting has decreased, and the yield per mu has increased from about 80 kilograms to the original 80 kg to to increase to to about 80 kilograms to to the original 80 kg to About 160 kg, quality has also improved, Yecheng walnut industry has transformed from an extensive type to quality -efficient and technological innovation. "Zhang Qiang said.

Today, through standardized management, Yecheng County cultivates 7 county -level forest fruit high yield demonstration parks and 167 township -level demonstration parks. The historical high has provided a solid guarantee for the increase in quality and production of walnuts and increasing the income of the masses.

Standardization management of the entire industry chain

The forest and fruit industry is a very distinctive advantageous industry in Xinjiang, especially in the southern Xinjiang region, and an important channel for farmers to increase their income and get rich. In recent years, while Xinjiang has promoted the forest and fruit industry to achieve significant results towards large -scale and standardized development, it has also faced many problems and challenges.

Zhang Qiang believes that the implementation of the quality and efficiency of the forest and fruit industry not only sent scientific management technology for the majority of fruit farmers in Xinjiang, but also planted the seeds of modern forest and fruit industry in the hearts of fruit farmers. Essence At the same time, it should also be seen that at present, Xinjiang Forestry Industry is still in the initial stage in large -scale and standardized construction, and traditional one -family forest fruit production model is still very common. For example, most of the walnut planting in the southern Xinjiang area is mostly a few and a dozen acres of small households dispersible planting, which restricts the large -scale and standardized development of the forest and fruit industry. Only by intensive development can standardization management be reflected in all aspects of forest fruit production.

It is understood that in order to crack the disadvantages of small scattered operations and weak capabilities, all parts of our district are also actively exploring the models such as "farmers+enterprises" and "farmers+cooperatives", and realize centralized management of decentralized operations through land transfer. Luopu County Forest Fruit Enterprise Xinjiang Ai Man Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd. passed the land circulation, and the area of ​​forest fruit planting has expanded to more than 1,500 acres, and the entire industrial chain planting model of seedling, planting, production, and sales has been formed. Economic development; Shufu County introduces enterprises to build a smart orchard on the Gobi deserted beach. Through the digitalization and standardization of planting and management, 60,000 acres of high -quality fresh fruit bases ...

These positive explorations have injected new vitality into the future development of Xinjiang's forest and fruit industry, and promoted Xinjiang's forests and fruits to the road of "standardization". It is reported that during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, all parts of the country will take the forest fruit demonstration park and demonstration base as the starting point to further improve the quality of the construction of forest fruit standardized production bases. By 2025, the total area of ​​Xinjiang forest fruit is stable at 22 million acres (including the Corps), the standardized orchard area accounts for more than 40%of the total area of ​​the region, and the radiation driving area accounts for 80%of the total area of ​​the forest fruit. More than 60%of the total output, the industrial concentration has further improved, and the market competitiveness has increased significantly. At that time, Xinjiang Forest Fruit will go to a wider market with strong quality.

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