"Marriage is a siege city" Qian Yanshu has never been written, and many famous quotes you quote may be fake

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"There is no snowflake when the avalanche is innocent"

"Marriage is a siege city"

"Lie repeats thousands of times is the truth"

Native

This year's college entrance examination has a composition question about Go, asking candidates to write an article in the terms of this hand, wonderful hands, and vulgar hands. Some candidates came down from the examination room and said in the social media "@" Go master Ke Jie, saying that he "quoted" some of his celebrities and famous quotes, hoping that he could talk about the words that he made him blindly, so that he could not be deducted from deducting himself. point. These ten or nine are a paragraph, but it also reflects everyone's mentality of celebrities -everyone is willing to quote, but it also feels amazing about the authenticity.

Nowadays, fake celebrities are full of celebrities. Lu Xun, Mo Yan, Zhang Ailing, and Bai Yansong seem to be a pseudo -famous saying four giants and are often used by casual OEM. In fact, except for these fake famous quotes, you may not know that many of those who have been cited for many years and believe in real sayings are also false. For example, Qian Yanshu has never written "Marriage is a siege, people outside the city want to go in, people in the city want to come out"; for example, when they encounter public events, the phrase "avalanche, when the media loves," when the avalanche, when No snowflakes are innocent. "It is not from the mouth of Voltaire; for example," the lies are repeated thousands of times to become the truth ". As a Nazi, Gobeer is indeed ten evil, but he has never said this ... Mowing

Yang Jian, a senior media person, is compared with these pseudo -famous words for many years. From mid -2018 to early 2020, he has verified the most widely spread "famous sayings" in the Chinese world. Many of them are the result of Zhang Guanli Dai, moving flowers and wood, but they have penetrated into our daily life, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. Today, he integrates his "investigation" results and integrates a book "Detective".

Yang Jian. Photo/Interviewee provided

Cheating students start the procedures

More than 20 years ago, Yang Jian was still a sports reporter. At that time, most of the overseas football news was writing war reports. If you write more, it looks boring. In order to make the layout read interesting, he will also use the question to write some words. Celebrity saying in the sports industry. Yang Jian did not deny this experience, "Because I am a" bad guy ", of course I don't trust these (legendary famous quotes)," he told China News Weekly.

This has become one of his "detectives" in the future. In mid -2018, he began to do what he had always wanted to do. Initially, he thought about it. The scope of the famous quotes of verification did not include the obvious false quotes of Lu Xun, Mo Yan, Zhang Ailing and other writers widely spread on Weibo. His goal is to use himself and the people around him, that is, the public quotes that include intellectuals, media people, and netizens often cited in social topics, sounding completely correct and sounding. He feels that these sentences can see more changing, ambiguous and complex social psychology.

Just like a cheating student, he became a monitoring teacher later, and he grabbed one accuracy as soon as he grabbed cheating.

His first "counterfeiting" object was a widely circulated saying, a famous saying from Churchill: "I fight to defend the people's rights to dismiss my right." In the legend, this sentence began after the end of the "World War II", Churchill paired Stalin's wonderful return. It sounds very reasonable -whether the speaker's identity or the timing of speaking.

After sorting out history, Yang Jian discovered that Stalin and Churchill had the opportunity to occur before the results of the British election at the end of July after the opening of the Potsdam conference in July 1945 to the end of July. He flipped through the historical records of the two people during that period, and found that there was no such sentence. Since then, until Stalin's death, they have no chance to meet. As we all know, Churchill's experience is very unique. He won the Nobel Prize in 1953 as a politician. For such a person, if he really said that voice -free wording, he would definitely leave the literature. It must not only prove that it is just a pseudo -dos for their own blocks.

This is a typical working method of Yang Jian as a "detective": bold assumptions, careful verification. First of all, I doubt a sentence, and then analyze the historical background, personality characteristics of "speaker", and other external situations. According to the time of the sentence, search on the Internet in Chinese and Foreign Language, and then check a lot of historical materials, or even Including the complete set of the celebrity. In fact, in many cases, those famous sayings that seem to be dripping can not be scrutinized at all, because many famous quotes that have been An on the foreigners cannot find the original text from their national literature.

Yang Jian's foreign language level is not good enough. He will invite some young colleagues who understand different foreign languages ​​to help him conduct the original text search. But more often, he was alone in the book and text of the vast. Sometimes for a sentence, he must go through the complete set of celebrities and find difficulties to imagine.

During this investigation, Yang Jian did not make moral criticism about making these pseudo -famous behaviors. He sometimes even admired the talents of these fakes. After all Many celebrities can do it. For example, the words about Churchill said that he felt that the fake person made an interesting simulation of Churchill's background and situation at the time, and it was in line with people's understanding and expectations of international politics at that time. Master. "Detective". Photo/Interviewee provided

Familiar with the wrong leakage

Among these celebrities' famous quotes from Yang Jian, those who have problems can be divided into the following categories: some sentences are pure "fabrication", and then settled on a celebrity head; some are not proved in the current information that it cannot be proved to the should be proved to this information.名人曾说过，因此存疑成了“悬案”；还有一种是被某些名人引用过，原话叙述者的身份被张冠李戴了；最后也是最极端的一种，话是某人说过的， But when quoting later generations, it may be because of translation or other reasons, which eventually became the opposite of its original meaning.

These pseudo -famous words entrust the beautiful wishes of netizens, readers, and even some intellectuals, and also reflect the way of thinking in different cultures and different social backgrounds. For example, there is a saying that other "detectives" have also been verified: although justice will be late, they will not be absent. This famous saying of the Chinese is from Martin Luther Kim: Justice Delayed is Justice Denied, the original meaning of this sentence is that late justice is no longer justice. This is just the opposite of the Chinese understanding. The Chinese version of the tampering not only entrusts people's wishes, but also implies a way of thinking that is different from Westerners and is similar to the "heaven reincarnation".

In Yang Jian's research, the most familiar sentence may be the phrase of Qian Yanshu, "Marriage is a siege, people outside the city want to go in, and people in the city come out." This almost became a soup -like sigh, and the name of Qian Qianshu was spread by the emotional blogger to the Internet. But it is impossible to find this original word through "Siege". This is just a word of intention that scattered the wine bureau in the story. Chu Shenming and Miss Su talked about Russell's marriage and talked about the metaphor of the "gold lacquer cage" mentioned by Russell. This is the source of the closest sentence. And Yang Jian feels that scholars like Qian Yanshu will not make a metaphor in the novel without any metaphor in the novel. After a series of complex twists and turns, in the end, he traces the source of that passage to the source To Mengtian's famous "Essay Collection", it was confirmed that Mengtian gave Qian Yanshu's initial inspiration. In the TV drama film of "Siege City", there are two words in a paragraph written by Yang Yan, "People in the city want to escape and people outside the city want to rush in", because too much thought in the center of the central center, this sentence eventually this sentence, in the end this sentence The deformation and deformation were refined on Qian Yanshu's head, and it has been chanted to this day.

"How do I hope these beautiful sentences are true"

Many people think that the Internet has spawned many of these false celebrities, such as "no snowflakes are innocent during the avalanche". It has been quoted countless times. But in fact, this sentence comes from the Polish poet Stannislav Law, who was persecuted by the Nazis. His original words were: "There is no snowflake when the avalanche feels responsible."

However, Yang Jian firmly believes that the "black pot" with the flooding of false sayings cannot be pushed to the Internet. Before the Internet era, there were a lot of famous quotes spread through paper media and books. For example, "there are a thousand Hamlet in the eyes of a thousand people", the familiar comments of the Chinese are not from the hometown Britain in Shakespeare, but from Russia. The famous aestheticist Zhu Guangqian first quoted this sentence in 1957 in "On the United States is the Sobility and Objective Unity". Following the analysis of the popular literary and artistic trend at the time, you will find that this sentence is the 19th century Russian literary criticism. The "two great, genius actors who play Shakespeare can be seen in each person's acting skills" of "two great, genius actors can see Hamlet."

Instead of the Internet, Yang Jian firmly believes in its power. It is the blessing of the Internet that allows everyone to gather together to publicize this information. The openness of the Internet is a strong thrust to promote his famous detective work. Many of his pseudo -famous clues also come from the provision of netizens. Of course, after he published the "investigation results", there were a lot of messages scolding him. Those people cannot accept their own quotes for many years. In fact, Yang Jian himself understands those netizens. He also wrote on the cover of "Detective of Famous Quotes", "How do I hope these beautiful sentences are true."

After verifying too many pseudo -famous words, Yang Jian became more and more tolerant about these pseudo works. He understood that everyone was limited. It was impossible to be correct. Some of them are far -fetched, while some even have good and wishful thinking in a certain sense. He has verified Hegel's very speculative saying, "The only lesson given by history is that people have never learned any lessons in history." In fact, Hegel has not expressed this meaning. What I really say is a large and complicated point of view. In summary, he wants to make people understand that there is a gray area hidden in history and experience. A philosopher who made people look at the gray areas and ambiguous and complex, but was eventually crowned with a deep golden sentence that was non -black or white, and I had to say that it was really sighing. In fact, in the Chinese world, the famous detectives are not only one of Yang Jian. There are a group to study such problems in Huazhong Normal University. In addition, there are also some people who are not much of knowledge of knowledge and archeology on the websites of Zhihu. Devinion and deposit really analyze. In contrast, there are more people who work overseas. Nevertheless, due to the barriers of data and language, there are many "headless suspension cases" waiting for "detectives" to verify the world's "detectives".

Send 2022.7.11 Total Issue 1051 "China News Weekly" magazine

Magazine title: The famous quotes you quote may be fake

Reporter: Qiu Guangyu ([email protected])

Capture: Wang Lin

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