Shenzhen introduced a policy policy policy

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The biggest obstacle is the issue of ideas

On June 23, the Standing Committee of the Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress voted and approved the revised draft of the "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Medical Regulations", which created a precedent for the legislation of Chinese beings in China. Essence

Article 78 of the New Regulations stipulates that if a patient or a close relative provided by patients with the following conditions, the medical institution shall implement medical measures at the end of the patient's incurable injury or at the end of the life. Explanation of meaning.

This new regulation marks the integration of China's personal dying medical decision -making power and death autonomy in terms of legislation. After being introduced to China by the people before the 2005 lifetime, the relevant issues finally made a substantial breakthrough.

During his lifetime, people signed by people when they are healthy or conscious, and pre -explained in the end of dying or incurable injuries. In the end of the injury, there is no (some) medical care instruction documents. During his lifetime, he might keep patients' decision -making power to dying medical care and death. It also allowed family members to get rid of the tremendous pressure on behalf of decision -making.

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After the 1940s, the method of medical treatment was increasingly popular in developed countries in Britain and the United States. The dying treatment seems to continue life. In essence, the death process is extended. After the mid -1950s, this over -medical care has gradually caused doubts and resistance, and the right of death has been opened. One of the main signs in Europe and the United States today is to avoid the ending of life.

Because dying patients often have the ability to express their opinions on whether to adopt medical measures to continue their lives. In order to ensure people's decision -making right to dying medical care and avoid excessive treatment, Americans put forward the concept of "life -free" in 1967. In the 2020 Gallop survey, 45 % of the American adults had a life -free aspiration.

The legislative legislation provides legal guarantee for the patient's dying medical decision -making power. However, it is a personal matter to establish a note. Do. Taking the Beijing Demonstration Association as an example, after the efforts of its advocates for nearly 20 years, it is said that the total number of people who filled in the "Choose to Dignity Network" on the "Choose to Dignity Network" is only more than 50,000.

The biggest obstacle to setting up a life of life is the issue of ideas. Death is one of the biggest taboos in Chinese culture. Behind the taboo is the fear of death.

Broken death taboos and overcomes fear of death is a subject of the whole society. There are the same problem in the United States. Their solution is to carry out death education in the whole society. More and more medical schools have set up death courses, and even primary and secondary schools have carried out death education. Civil welfare activities discussing deaths, such as death cafes, dinner, etc. are in full swing, and there are endless layers of books, publications, and film and television programs that discuss death.

As a specialized industry that dealt with dying and death, the medical community especially needs to change the concepts. From the traditional concept of active treatment and victory over death to help the dying person live comfortably or die comfortably.

Many doctors do not know how to discuss death with patients and family members. Related training needs to be on the agenda. In recent years, many American hospitals have conducted "difficult dialogue" training on medical staff. Some public welfare people, such as the well -known medical writer Abu Ge Wenzheng, founded the project, trained the doctors with patients, patients and family members to conduct meaningful dying and death discussions. A consensus of death researchers is that the key to the end of good is good exchanges, including the exchange of doctors, patients and family members, and communication between family members and patients.

The premise of formulating a life -free aspiration is to understand your own values. Only by knowing how to live a meaning to yourself can you make a choice that meets your wish. This is a spiritual task that belongs to everyone. Some scholars have suggested that the Chinese attach importance to their families, so they should participate in the final medical decision -making. The original intention of the bonus during his lifetime is to ensure the autonomy and decision -making power of the dying person. During the discussion stage, family members can certainly express their opinions, but they should not strengthen their personal will, let alone ignore the aspirations at the end of their loved ones. To do this, it is not easy for Chinese families.

Most people think that only elderly people and terminal illnesses need to formulate a life aspiration. This is a great misunderstanding. Adults over the age of 18 can sign the aspiration, the sooner the better. Discussion of death and signing of pre -life will not lead to early arrival of death. Instead, it will help people think about life and better live in the present.

(The author is a dying psychological and cultural researcher)

Send 2022.7.11 Total Issue 1051 "China News Weekly" magazine

Magazine Title: During Life Bentes: Road is long and far away

Author: Peng Xiaohua

Edit: Wang Xiaoxia

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