Real hammer!Use solid fuel to cook and warm up to increase the risk of lung cancer death!

*For medical professionals for reading reference

Stay away from these high -risk factors!

"Doctor, Lao Wang next door two packs of cigarettes every day, lived to 99, and my mother did not smoke, does not drink, regular life, low -salt and low -fat diet, and often exercised. How can I get lung cancer?" This is a sad question. It is also a common tragedy.

Because smoking causes the concept of lung cancer deeply, many non -smokers do not believe that they will suffer from lung cancer, which leads to many patients who have missed early diagnosis. In fact, it is common to suffer from lung cancer without smoking. According to statistics, 15%to 20%of male patients with lung cancer and more than 50%of female patients with lung cancer do not smoke. In Asia, as many as 60%to 80%of female lung cancer patients do not smoke [1].

Although there were previous studies that smoking was related to indoor air pollution and lung cancer, it failed to provide strong evidence. Not long ago, the Chinese large queue on AJRCCM studied China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and confirmed this after 10 years of follow -up from 320,000. Risk [2]!

Figure: Risk of solid fuel, second -hand smoke and lung cancer death

What is solid fuel?

Simply put, we often say non -clean energy, such as firewood and coal. In the 1980s and 1990s, especially in the north, most families used firewood and coal to warm and cook.

Figure: stove of burning firewood and coal

This is a stove with poor ventilation conditions and extremely low combustion efficiency, which causes great damage to health. Due to the low temperature of the furnace, the burning of firewood and coal is insufficient, resulting in a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, causing indoor air pollution.

Small knowledge: Chai and coal insufficient combustion will generate a large amount of particulate matter (PM). This is a mixture of hundreds of toxic chemicals, including high -concentration of heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and multi -ring aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), many of which have been proven to be confirmed Or suspect that it is carcinogen. These carcinogens can be combined with human DNA and induced oxidative damage, leading to tumors.

Although the use of global solid fuel is decreasing, data show that half of the world's population (3.8 billion) in 2019 is affected. China still has more than 450 million people using solid fuel.

Research result

Next, let's take a look at what the researchers have discovered after a decades of tracking and investigating these 320,000 people!

1. Most of the non -smokers have suffered from second -hand smoke and indoor air pollution!

In the study, the average age of 323,794 participants (89%for women) was 51.5 years (SD = 10.6). During the baseline survey, 84.8%of people were exposed to second -hand smoke, and 91.0%were exposed to indoor air pollution, of which 78.2%were exposed to second -hand smoke and indoor air pollution. Air pollution.

Picture: Most smokers have been exposed to second -hand smoke and indoor air pollution

Researchers have found that indoor air pollution mainly comes from kitchen oil fume (67%) and coal stoves (27%) in winter heating. Among them, women are mainly exposed to the kitchen oil fume.

Figure: The most common source of indoor pollution is kitchen oil fume

It is not easy to live, outdoor haze, and oil fume indoor!

2. Indoor air pollution increases the risk of death of lung cancer

During the median follow -up of 10.2 years, 979 cases died of lung cancer, of which 83.6%were women. Studies have found that indoor air pollution exposure accumulation time and lung cancer death is positive to digital positive (P-trend = 0.018). For every 5 years of exposure time, the risk of lung cancer death increases by 4%(HR = 1.04,95%CI 1.01101 -1.06), and there is no signs of offline (P = 0.12).

Picture: indoor air pollution exposure accumulation time and lung cancer death is positively related to digital linear

3. Study did not find that second-hand smoke increased the risk of lung cancer death, and indoor air pollution and the impact of second-hand smoke on the mortality of lung cancer had no interaction (P-Interaction = 0.23). Note that only a few people are neither exposed to indoor environmental pollution nor exposed to second -hand smoke.

How to reduce oil fume damage

For many cooking women and boiled men, how can we stay away from the danger of the indoor air pollution? The following methods can greatly reduce indoor air pollution represented by kitchen oil fume!

1

Reduce the use of firewood or coal heating and cooking

This mainly relies on national and regional infrastructure construction. Fortunately, more and more places have used centralized heating or using natural gas (belonging to clean energy) to heat the rice.

2

Install the range hood to ensure good ventilation in the kitchen

A study in Taiwan found that insisting on using range hoods during cooking can reduce the risk of lung cancer by 50%[3]. Therefore, buy a good range hood. Our parents and lover are cooking for us with life. Don't save money.

Tips: After cooking, don't turn off the range hood immediately, but let it continue to work for 10-15 minutes, the oil fume in the kitchen disappears completely.

3

Scientific oil

First, control oil temperature.

I remember when I first learned the cooking, I was told that I was going to start smoking and stir -fry. It is said that this can make the dishes fresher and refreshing. In the early years, there was a study in Taiwan that women who did not use range hoods were very high (at this time a large amount of oil fume would produce) the risk of lung cancer began to put vegetables by 3.2-12.2 times [4]. In fact, we only need to heat the oil to 5-6 to mature (only less oil fume at this time), and we can start cooking! Second, avoid repeated oil.

Repeated oil occurs when we fried food. This repeated oil produces more harmful substances than a single oil. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid repeated oil. If you are afraid of waste, try to eat fried food as little as possible!

Warm tips: Every time you finish fried, clean the pot to reduce the oil left in the last stir -fry.

4

Change the cooking method

Our common cooking methods, such as fried, frying, and stir -fry, not only need more oil, but also produce a lot of oil fume. In fact, we can also use cooking methods to cook, which can not only reduce the generation of oil fume, but also retain more nutrients, but also achieve a light diet and improve health.

5

Eat less barbecue and iron plate

Barbecue and iron plate boil not only have a large amount of smoke, but also may involve the problem of repeated oil, which is self -evident for hidden dangers of health. If you are heavy barbecue and iron plate enthusiasts, you can consider reducing the number of consumption, and try to choose outdoor barbecue.

6

Install the air purifier in the home if necessary

What else can reduce the kitchen oil fume, you are welcome to leave a message!

In the end, Xiaobian wanted to say that if you and your family have been exposed to the kitchen oil fume and coal furnace smoke for many years, then check the medical examination every year. According to relevant guidelines, lung cancer screening is also very simple, that is, a low -dose spiral CT [5].

references:

[1] Sarah dubin, daniel griffin.lung Cancer in non-smokers.mo Med.jul-Aug 2020; 117 (4): 375-379.

[2]Elvin S Cheng,Ka Hung Chan,Marianne Weber,et al.Solid Fuel,Second-Hand Smoke,and Lung Cancer Mortality:A Prospective Cohort of 323,794 Chinese Never-Smokers.Am J Respir Crit Care Med.2022 May 26 Then, then, then

[3] tzu-yu chen, yao-hwei fang, hui-ling Chen, et al.impact of cooking il fume exposure and fume expector ung car risk in non-smoking Han chinese 122222222222222222222222222020220222202202202202202202020202022222222s 6774.2020 APR 21.

[4] Y C KO, L S Cheng, C H Lee, et al.chinese Food Cooking and LUNG CANCER in WOMEN Nonsmokers.am J Epidemiol.2000 Jan 15; 151 (2): 140-7.

[5] He Jie, Li Ni, Chen Wanqing, etc. The Guide to Screening and Early Creation (2021, Beijing) [J]. Chinese Oncology Magazine, 2021,43 (3): 243-268.

The first release of this article: the medical world tumor channel

Author of this article: Lina

Review of this article: Xu Weiran Peking University International Hospital

Editor in charge: Sweet

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