Zhang Tianzuo: Agricultural service will become a large strategic industry

On July 9th, one of the 23rd fertilizer dual -agent forum -Agricultural Socialization Services and Modern Agricultural Forum. At the meeting, Zhang Tianzuo, the director of the chief animal and the director of the Rural Cooperation Economic Guidance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, made a theme report to share the impact of agricultural socialization services on my country's agricultural modernization and agricultural distribution model.

↑ Zhang Tianzuo, Chief Animal Rev. of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Director of Rural Cooperation Economic Guidance

Service for "Sanhua" development

Promote my country's agricultural modernization

From the experience of developed countries, there are two main paths to achieve agricultural modernization. First, large (middle) farm operations represented by European and American countries. On the basis of the privatization of land, large (medium) farms are formed through the merger of land, and the popularization of modern facilities and equipment to achieve agricultural modernization; second, small -scale agricultural operations represented by Japan and South Korea. On the basis of the privatization of land, through the moderate merger of the land, a small -scale family farm is formed, and under the high subsidy of the government, the agricultural modernization is achieved.

At present, 70%of my country's land is still operated by farmers 'families. In the major agricultural area, agricultural production is still the main industry of the vast number of farmers' survival and employment, and it is impossible to achieve the high concentration of land in the short term. Japanese and Korean agriculture is a high -cost and high -invested modern agriculture. It is difficult to compete with the international market, and my country should not learn. Therefore, both paths are not suitable for my country's agricultural modernization.

my country has formulated the goal of basically realizing agricultural modernization in 2035 and comprehensively realizing agricultural modernization in 2050. So how to get the path of China's agricultural modernization?

Zhang Tianzuo believes that the core of agricultural modernization is the modernization of the production process, and it is not necessarily related to the size of the land. There are three signs of modernization in the production process: specialization, standardization, and intensiveness (it is a comprehensive concept, including mechanization, technology integration, optimization of input and output, etc.).

Judging from the actual situation, some areas of my country through land circulation have achieved a moderate scale of land, which is easier to achieve modernization. And 70%of the cultivated land has not yet achieved moderate scale, it can concentrate the decentralized service needs of each households, and through the professionalization, standardization, and intensiveization of the service process to achieve agricultural modernization.

In other words, the service organizations can concentrate the farmers who cannot do, do not do well, and do not want to do it, and apply advanced technologies, varieties, equipment, etc. to the service process, and carry out professional, standardized, and intensive social services. From less to more, from small to large, it has gradually improved the level of "three modernizations" in the agricultural production process.

The path of Chinese agricultural modernization mainly relies on the modernization of the service process. It can be said that agricultural social services are an inevitable choice to realize agricultural modernization.

The four major motivations are fully promoted

Agricultural service enters the golden period of development

From the perspective of the development of agricultural modernization in various countries, the same is the same as agriculture and industry. In traditional agriculture, family farms (farmers) have been borne by themselves before giving birth, mid -yield, and postpartum. With the advancement of agricultural modernization, the predecessor, mid -yield, and postpartum links are gradually separated, provided by professional service organizations. This is more efficient and is good for both parties. With the continuous advancement of a country's modern agriculture, the service industry has continued to grow and grow, and it is to professional, social, and intensive. This is the basic path of agricultural modernization in various countries in the world.

Therefore, agricultural social services are industries that are in line with modern agriculture, emerging, and continuously growing. Judging from reality, the current four major motivations in my country are promoting the rapid development of agricultural social services.

The first is the demand pull. At present, the average age of labor in rural areas of agriculture and animal husbandry is more than 50 years old, and agricultural labor is in a critical period for iteration of the new and old generations. The older generation of farmers do not move and cannot do more and more, and need to follow up with social services. More and more new generations of farmers who are interested in engaging in agriculture have entered agriculture. They also hope to be a production and business manager to give them all aspects of agricultural production to professional institutions and provide them with services. From a reality, the demand for agricultural socialization is very strong. Demand is the driving force for industrial development, and demand will inevitably drive great development.

The second is the driver. A large number of practices have shown that through agricultural social services, farmers can save effort and effort and money, and service organizations can make money. Why? Because it is a large -scale service, it can achieve the existing efficiency through large -scale services during the prenatal, mid -yield, and postpartum service, and both the servicers and the servicers can achieve good benefits.

The third is the policy promotion. In recent years, from the Agricultural and Rural Ministry to the competent agricultural authorities at all levels to the national agricultural technology promotion system, they are guiding the development of agricultural social services.

The fourth is the mode drive. All localities have summarized a number of effective success models and experiences. These models and experience demonstrations lead the better development of various social service organizations, making them go more and easier to make money.

Therefore, the development of an industry is the first in line with the law, and the second place is in a stage of great development. The third has various driving drivers, and it will inevitably develop rapidly. At present, agricultural social services are in a golden period of great development. From a macro perspective, agricultural social services are an inevitable choice for modern agriculture in my country, and it is also a basic way to ensure the safety of food safety and agricultural product quality and safety in our country. It is a strategic large industry. Service organization unified operation

Promote the change of agricultural capital purchase and sales

At present, the purchase and sales of agricultural capital in my country are mainly traditional models. The agricultural capital produced by manufacturers, through wholesale to large agents or wholesalers, and then large wholesalers and agents to small wholesalers, then to retail outlets, and finally sell them again. Give thousands of households. There are many sections of purchase and sales, which will inevitably bring cost increases. Therefore, the price increase, the retail price is generally 40%-50%higher than the factory price, and some are even more.

In addition, due to the too many purchase and sales links, the quality of agricultural capital is uncontrollable, there will be many counterfeit violations, which has become the most headache for many manufacturers. The competent government authority is fighting for counterfeiting, and the enterprise is also having a high cost, but the effect is unsatisfactory.

In addition, the development of e -commerce has profoundly changed the business model of daily consumer goods in recent years, which has brought a huge impact on the retail industry. Some agricultural capital dealers and manufacturers are also exploring e -commerce marketing models, but the effect is not ideal. Why? Because the sale of biological capital is different from the sales of daily consumer goods. Daily consumer goods are a terminal product. People complete consumption after they buy it, but after the purchase of biological capital, farmers also need technical and services during use. Most retailers must also have some agricultural knowledge, listen to the guidance of technical staff, and then consult some Tian Xiucai and Turkish experts to do a lot of work. Therefore, farmers still depend on retail stores.

With the development of agricultural social services, more and more farmers have handed production links to service organizations. The service organization is sowing with bottom fertilizer, pesticides for plant protection, and unified fertilization services with integrated water and fertilizer, so that farmers can save money and save money. The demand for farmers' decentralization of agricultural capital has gradually concentrated on the hands of service organizations. The service organizations are purchased by concentrated purchase of production materials. Therefore, my country's long -term agricultural capital purchase and marketing model will be decentralized from thousands of households to buy, and gradually shift to professional service organizations. Therefore, the development of agricultural social services will bring a revolution to agricultural capital distribution methods.

Change the method of promotion of agricultural technology

Integrated introduction of good skills and good law

Over the years, my country's agricultural technology promotion system has made great contributions to national agricultural technology progress, new technology and new varieties promotion. With the development of agricultural social services, three major changes will occur in agricultural technology promotion.

First, the agricultural service industry will change the path of agricultural technology. At present, there are about 500,000 official agricultural service systems in my country, and 500,000 people face hundreds of millions of farmers. The agricultural technology promotion effect is not ideal. A few acres of land in the farmers' family, no desire for new varieties, new technologies, and no active acceptance. For service organizations, new varieties and new technologies mean better benefits and efficiency, they often take the initiative to try first. Service organizations will be an important carrier of advanced technology, and agricultural technology promotion will shift from mainly oriental small farmers to service organizations.

Second, the agricultural service industry will change the method of promotion of agricultural technology. Service organizations not only require seeds, but also fertilizer and pesticides, and a set of most reasonable technical solutions. Its demand has shifted from a single technology to a solution. Therefore, the development of the agricultural service industry will promote the transformation of agricultural technology promotion from a single -sex technology to an integrated supply.

Third, the agricultural service industry will effectively supplement the original agricultural technology promotion system. The relationship between agricultural technology promotion system and service organization has changed from the original parallel development to mutual dependence, supporting each other, and union. The two are long and avoid, and achieve a win -win situation.

[Author] Wei Tu organized according to the content of the report

【Source】 South China Rural Report

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