Implementation of new agricultural business entities — accelerate the cultivation of "leading geese" of modern agriculture (policy interpretation)

During the Summer, the Xinlong family farm in Yinan County, Shandong Province ushered in a bumper harvest. "The weather is arid this year. Fortunately, the planting science is scientific and the management is prescribed. The production of wheat per mu has reached 1200 pounds, and the granary can't be installed!" Wang Zhanyou, the person in charge, proudly said. After nearly 10 years of development, the farms he operated have successively purchased more than 40 sets of production equipment such as seeding machines, harvesters, dryers, etc., covering the entire industrial chain of planting, processing, purchase and sales, technical services, etc. Provide one -stop service.

Improving agricultural quality and competitiveness and competitiveness are inseparable from new agricultural business entities. Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry issued the "Notice on Improve the Improvement of New Agricultural Operations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"). What is the background of the introduction? What are the shortcomings of the new type of agricultural operations to make up for the shortcomings? How to better play the role of its organization? The reporter interviewed the relevant person in charge and experts of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Ministry.

Reality requirements-

From quantitative growth to the quality and quality, further play the role of modern agricultural main force

In recent years, the advantages of various new agricultural business entities have been prominent, service capacity has continued to increase, and development vitality has accelerated. At present, there are more than 2.2 million farmers 'cooperatives registered in accordance with the law, and 14,000 farmers' cooperatives have been formed. The radiation drives nearly half of farmers, with a total annual operating income of more than 588 billion yuan; the family farm included in the national farm list system in the country reaches 3.9 million The total annual operating income is nearly 890 billion yuan.

Zhang Tianzuo, chief of the General Animal Rev. of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Director of the Economic Guidance of Rural Cooperation, said that after years of cultivation and development, the total number of new agricultural operations in the country has a lot. Increase income and other aspects have played an important role. At the same time, these subjects are still growing, and the development of imbalances is not sufficient. Generally, the size of the single body is small, the strength is weak, and the revenue capacity of the entire industry chain is low.

The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" and the long -view target outline of 2035 should be proposed to develop a variety of forms of moderate -scale operations and accelerate the cultivation of new agricultural business entities such as family farms and farmers' cooperatives. "Innovative management system must be fully considered to fully consider the basic national conditions of large and small farmers in my country, but also take into account the external environment of industrialized urbanization." Zhang Hongyu, deputy dean of the Chinese Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University The requirements for improving agricultural operations intensive, professionalization, organizationalization, and socialization are also promoting the level of agricultural modernization, industrialization, urbanization, and informatization development level to solve the real problem The inevitable choice.

"With reference to the general laws of the development of family farms and farmers cooperatives internationally, combined with the actual situation in China, the development of my country's new agricultural business entities has entered a new stage where the quantitative growth vector quality is changed." Zhang Tianzuo introduced that the "Notice" has improved the new type of promotion. The overall deployment of the quality and ability of agricultural operations and accelerating the promotion of high -quality development is of great significance for promoting the main body to improve the level of production and operation, enhance service driving capabilities, and maintain good development momentum. The role of the main force.

The "Notice" clearly put forward the development goals during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan", mainly involving a sound management service system, creating a batch of demonstration clubs and demonstration family farms, and building a county -level grass -roots guidance service system. The modern agricultural business system, which is supported by the new agricultural business entity and supported by social services, promotes the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development.

Strong base solid

Promote the standardized operation of the subject, and improve the level of capacity building in the five aspects

"In the past, the dividend of the water was not understood at the end of the year." Yu Peicou, the person in charge of Huidong County, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, said, "The County Farmers Cooperative Service Center helped us formulate various systems. Alice. The amount of members' contributions, how much dishes are sold by cooperatives in one year, and how much dividends can be divided at the end of the year. "

The "Notice" puts forward requirements for improving the basic system and improving the level of operation of the main body from five aspects. "This is an objective need to accelerate the construction of a modern agricultural management system, enhance the vitality of the main body, and enhance the competitiveness of the main market." Zhang Tianzuo said that the sound system and the operation specifications are an important symbol of mature market entities. In order to guide its standardized operation and strong base, it can closely connect all aspects of the agricultural production and operation system, form a strong main support, and enable farmers to be in a more favorable position in market competition.

Based on the capability of the new type of agricultural business entity, the "Notice" proposes to cultivate leaders, promote the integration of the main body, promote farmers' cooperative companies, carry out special work in soybean oil expansion, and participate in rural development and rural construction.

"The new type of agricultural business entity is built in rural areas, close to farmers, developing rural industries, and participating in rural construction. It has both enthusiasm and convenience." Zhang Tianzuo said that the cooperative office is conducive to giving full play to the organization advantage of the legal person and company of the peasant cooperatives and the company. The market advantage of the legal person has broken through the bottleneck of development. It should be noted that farmers' cooperatives should be guided independently with the company's company, clarify the relationship between property rights, and reasonably allocate interests to ensure sustainable development.

Guide all kinds of subjects to strengthen joint cooperation. How to improve the linkage mechanism and organization mechanism? "The joint and cooperation content between the new agricultural business entities is broad, including family farm leading or joining cooperatives, cooperatives, and cooperation between cooperatives, as well as new agricultural business entities and agricultural production, processing, circulation, sales and other markets The joint and cooperation of the subject. From the perspective of the development of the new type of business, it is the inherent requirements to drive the small farmers. "Kong Xiangzhi, a professor at the School of Agricultural and Rural Development of Renmin University The faster, the more you can get more benefits. Through order agriculture, shareholding dividends, and hosting services, small farmers can be integrated into the agricultural industry chain. Strengthen support--

Deepen social enterprise docking services and comprehensively establish a guiding service mechanism

In the first half of this year, Jingyang District, Deyang City, Sichuan Province, concentrated loan credit for 12 family farms, with a total loan of 12.7 million yuan. This is the first loan issued by Sichuan Province's "Family Farm Credit Credit" - Reporting demand, providing guarantee for agricultural shadow companies, bank credit support "credit direct access system, providing low -threshold, low -cost, high -efficiency financial services for family farms, and broadening financing channels.

The "Notice" proposes to deepen the docking of social enterprises and stimulate the vitality of the subject. Kong Xiangzhi said that in reality, most of the new agricultural business entities are small or even small -scale, and their own development capabilities are weak, and they must face shortcomings such as difficulty loans and insufficient market influence. With the help of various large -scale enterprises, it is conducive to solving small -scale problems that are difficult to overcome by cooperatives and family farms, and successfully connect with large markets. Enterprises can also accelerate the layout of rural markets and achieve complementary advantages.

In this regard, the "Notice" cut in from two aspects. Zhang Tianzuo introduced that the first is to expand the scope of docking cooperation and encourage various high -quality enterprises such as credit, insurance, technology, logistics, online retail, and agricultural product processing into social enterprise docking cooperation mechanisms to promote sinking services. The second is to focus on stabilizing grain expansion, select about 150 social enterprises to docking key counties in the main province of food and soybean oil, and match high -quality market resources.

In reality, most of the new agricultural business entities are managed by farmers and farmers. They are limited to operators' capabilities and quality. In the formation and development, many common difficulties and problems are faced. The emergence of these problems is closely related to public services. Zhang Hongyu said that all localities should make a difference in deepening service concepts and optimizing policy support, and cultivate a high -quality farmers with love of farming and enhance human capital.

According to Zhang Tianzuo, in order to strengthen the public services of the new type of agricultural business entity, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will adhere to the combination of government guidance and market leadership. , Implement four paths such as the "Thousands of Members and Ten Clubs", the establishment of a new type of agricultural business main service center, and strengthening the pilot demonstration leadership, and promote the establishment and improvement of multi -level, diversified, and multi -type new agricultural business entity guiding service system.

(People's Daily reporter Yu Jingxian)

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