Xueba Cheats: Listen to me and say the following nine o'clock ... ... 丨 "Super learners"

Author | Bohan

Xuexuejun often has such an idea:

"If I can finish all the courses required to get a degree certificate within one year!"

"Can I master a new language in a few months?"

"How can you master a variety of professional skills at the same time?"

Maybe when you see this, you sighed with a smile -these are completely unrealistic dreams, I am just an ordinary person.

However, have you heard of Scott H. Young, he has completed a number of unpopular tasks that ordinary people seem to be:

10 days to engage in linear algebra;

In one year, he completed 33 courses in MIT and graduated smoothly in 4 years;

In the middle of 1 year, you can play 4 countries and master local languages ​​(Spanish, Portuguese, Korean and Chinese)

Native

What kind of unique personal talent or special skills have prompted him to achieve these goals that we can't reach? SCOTT summarizes him to successfully challenge the above difficult learning project (he calls "super learning") into 9 learning principles:

Below, let Xuexue Jun come and talk about these nine principles--

1. Yuan Learning: First draw a map

Before you start a super -learning program, you must first understand how this course works, what skills and information the learners must master, and what methods can be able to master Planning your super learning project) -At this time we need meta -learning.

The study of Yuan learning consists of three parts: "Why do you learn", "What to learn", "How to learn". You have to list your learning purpose, what you need to learn, and the learning method you decide. To improve the understanding of these three parts, a map is formed to tell you how to reach the target without getting lost.

2. Focus: The grinding knife does not cut the firewood

When you finish the meta -study, the next question you need to face (also the problem that people often encounter in learning) is: focus. People are always fighting with concentration--

How to start focusing and solve delay?

How to continue to focus and reduce distraction?

When you want to solve the delay, you need to find the reason for your delay -is there something more urgent, or is it simply hate this? Once you recognize your tendency to delay, you can take measures to resist this impulse based on your own situation.

If you want to reduce distraction, you must choose the appropriate attention duration and block or try to reduce the source of interference.

In addition, if you want to raise concentration, first clarify which step you have completed the task learning, and start to improve your focus from childhood. For example, try to sit quietly for half a minute, then one minute or two minutes. Over time, your persistence will become strong enough to offset the impact of distraction.

3. Direct: Go forward bravely

"Directly" refers to linked the theory with the actual situation of use, obtain experience in a large number of practice, and "use" middle school instead of the indirect learning favored by traditional classrooms -refers to the method used during learning and the final application of the ultimate application. Far away, spend a lot of time to solve the problem of highly idealized.

Although the current education model has made us accustomed to indirect learning, direct learning is still a more "effective" learning strategy. It allows us to apply the knowledge learned in a specific environment to a new environment. This is indirectly indirectly It is difficult to happen in the learning mode.

4. Training: overcome the weak link

Why training, that is, repeated practice? This is because in the process of learning, some steps will form a bottleneck, which limits the speed of your proficiency in mastering the overall skill (scott is called "speed limit step").

In Scott, super learners often use the method of "learning directly before learning before training".

The first step is to try to practice this skill directly, to find out when to use, how to use it, and get closer to the ideal state as much as possible during the practice; the next step, after direct practice, find the steps that affect the overall speed in the entire process (speed limit speed limit (speed limit speed limit Step) and separate it; then return to direct learning to integrate the knowledge and skills learned.

Of course, in the process of training, you also need to face these difficulties: you can figure out what you need to train in the current period; how to design a training items that can be improved; repeatedly training a sub -skill is difficult and unhappy. If you want to solve these, you need to go to "Super learners" to find the answer in person.

5. Search:

In the process of review, our common methods are to recite concepts, use thinking maps, or repeated reviews, but these are relatively inefficient review methods. So, how can I review it efficiently?

Scott believes that the most effective review is self -test, that is, to retrieve existing knowledge.

There are two benefits of self -test: first, it is conducive to the application of knowledge from the original situation to other situations, that is, "migration"; the other is to retrieve timely feedback that can give individuals in a timely manner and let you realize the knowledge of knowledge in all aspects.

As long as the direction of retrieval is right, the more difficult the retrieval will bring better learning effects. Therefore, in the self -test, you don't have to worry too much when you can't think of the content you learned. The difficulty you encountered may reflect your progress.

6. Feedback: Don't avoid negative evaluations

The difference between super learning and traditional learning methods is often due to the instantaneousness, accuracy and strength provided by the feedback, that is, whether the feedback is timely, whether it is closely related to the learning content and effect, and how much feedback content. However, the more feedback is not as better, the most important is the type of feedback--

The first feedback is the result feedback, which can provide you with the results of learning (right or wrong);

The second feedback is information feedback, which can provide you with errors (why is it wrong);

The third feedback is error correction feedback, which can tell you how to solve the error.

Obviously, the most important feedback in the process is error correction feedback. Therefore, in the face of feedback, we must both be careful to react (fear of feedback will prevent you from being promoted), and we must be careful not to use the feedback.

7. Memory: Don't add water to the leaky barrel

Why do we forget the knowledge when we study? Psychologists gave three answers:

1. Recessing says that forgetting is the result of not being strengthened by memories, and the result of the end of the end;

2. Interference: It is believed that forgetting is between learning and memories, and is disturbed by other stimuli. Once the interference is excluded, the memory can be recovered, and the memory traces have not changed any.

3. Extract failure said: It is believed that forgetting is to find appropriate extraction clues when extracting the relevant information.

So, what should we do to minimize the impact of forgotten? First of all, you can repeat the memory according to the memory curve of Ebbinhaus; secondly, you can make a bamboo chest by repeating the degree of mastery of knowledge repeatedly. "Memory method).

8. Intuition: Think deeply before forming intuition

When we solve the problem, we may pay attention to the surface characteristics of the problem. However, just to tangled the surface characteristics of the problem, sometimes the correct steps of solving the problem are not worthy. At this time, we need to rely on intuition to find the correct solution to the problem.

How to cultivate intuition? What you need to know is that intuition is often obtained from the process of solving the problem, so don't give up the problem easily, but think deeply about it. At the same time, Scott believes that understanding the problem can help the formation of intuition; in addition, he also mentioned that when solving the problem, you should choose specific examples rather than abstract concepts.

9. Experiment: Explore the comfort zone across the comfort zone

Scott believes that testing is the key to proficient. In his opinion, in the growth thinking mode, you are considered to actively improve your learning ability, which encourages you to see the opportunity and potential of improvement; on this, the experimental thinking mode is Implementation of results.

We can use the following three types of tests to achieve the exploration of unknown ——

1. Resource test, that is, the learning methods, materials and resources you have;

2. Skill test, that is, what should you learn next;

3. Style test, what you want to cultivate.

During the test, you can feel that super learning projects are constantly moving forward.

When you apply these nine principles to the super -learning program, you will find that the distance between you and those who seem unrealistic are narrowed a little bit. "Super learners" provides us with new possibilities for challenging ourselves and surpassing boundaries.

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Popularity: ★★★★

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Want to see what kind of miracle has other super learners created? Want to know how to challenge your "impossible"? Let's read "Super learners" with Xuexuejun. Your potential is unlimited. By carrying out your super learning project, you will usher in a new self.

Book -free activity

Have you ever thought of unrealistic thoughts? Tell us in the message area, as of July 13, 2022 (Wednesday) at 12:00 noon, the editorial department of the University Hall will select the 3 best comments in the top 8 comments in the message. Reviewers can receive the book "Super learners" provided by Huazhang psychology.

Author 丨 Bohan

Edit 丨 Water Gold Z

Beauty editor | n

(This article was originally created by Jingshi Psychological University Hall. Welcome to the circle of friends. If you need to reprint, please contact the background.

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