Protect the black soil to keep the granary -new field observation from the "Golden Corn Belt" from the Northeast

Xinhua News Agency, Changchun, July 9th: Protect the black soil to keep the granary -new field observation from the "Golden Corn Belt" from the Northeast

Xinhua News Agency reporter

Entering July, the northeast Songnen Plain, located in the "Golden Corn Belt" in the world, is full of green. In the green yarn account, corn grows up and grows.

This is the core demonstration zone of the National Million Academy of Green Foods (Corn), a country of Millions of Green Food (Corn) in Lishu County, Jilin Province (Photo Photos of Drone, Photo, July 7, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan Zhang Nan

In the past two years, Jilin has taken root in the countryside to promote the protection of the protection of black soil to the protection and creation of new environment, research and development of new technologies, and accelerate the application of sex farming. Farmers have a new pursuit of agricultural production, and the concept of green development has gradually become popular. Protect the black soil, keep the granary and green development, the Chinese rice bowl is more stable and stable.

New environment: Policies and legal empowerment protection promotion to speed up

These days, Jilin Province has continued to rain in many places, and many farmland has accumulated water. The protective farming demonstration fields of Gaojia Village, Lishu County, no water was seen in the ground, and the soil was soft. "This is the credit for protective farming." Yang Qingkui, a large local grain farmer, said that the soil is strong, the corn is drought -resistant and waterlogging, and the output is more stable.

This is the cornfield taken by the core demonstration area of ​​the national model of the country in the country of Millions of Green Foods (Corn), a country in Lishu County, Jilin Province (taken on July 7, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan Zhang Nan

This year, nearly 3 million acres of cultivated cultivated land in Lishu County adopted protective farming, accounting for nearly 90 % of corn sowing area. In the past, farmers were influenced by traditional farming awareness, and the promotion of protective farming in Lishu County was relatively slow. However, in the past two years, the application of protective farming has been accelerated. More than 300 villages in the county have established nearly a thousand demonstration bases to achieve full coverage of cultivated land protection.

Large -scale promotion benefits from various policy support. Lishu County issued more than ten related documents to promote the protection of black land, with a cumulative investment of nearly 1.5 billion yuan. From policy publicity to fund use and technical demonstration, various policies are tilted to the protection of black land.

In the protection of the soil according to law, Jilin punched. In 2021, there were 18 cases of criminal damage to black soil resources. Since the implementation of the Black Land Protection of Jilin Province, Jilin has continued to crack down on illegal crimes involving black soil.

Organizational construction also synchronizes. Since last year, the leading group of black land protection work has been established, black land protection management agencies have been established, and the "Tianchang System" is established ... Jilin implements the responsibility of protection to the fields and the grass -roots organizations.

Gao Zhiguo, a peasant farmer, who has been planted for more than 20 years, said that in the past, he only wanted to fight more food, but now he knows anything else, but now you know that everyone is responsible for protecting the land.

Policy promotion, regulatory constraints, public opinion supervision ... The whole society is forming the atmosphere of participating in protecting black land. Especially in the countryside, farmers buy non -plowed sowing machines to apply protective farming ... "Golden Corn Belt" set off a "defense war" on the black land.

This year, Jilin Province allocated 1.2 billion yuan in protective farming subsidies to various places in advance. Nong'an County increased subsidy standards from 55 yuan per mu last year to 70 yuan, greatly improving farmers' enthusiasm. Northeast China will also exempt protective farming machines such as farming and seeders as the focus of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, and increase promotion and application.

Most of the land in Chenjiadian Village, He Long Town, Nong'an County has taken protection measures. Many years of protection for villagers to see the effect of resistance to disaster and stable production of food crops. Chenjiadian Village has successively set up multiple cultivation machines. Dong Guiwen, a 65 -year -old agricultural machine in the village, said that although the age is old, everyone is full of energy to protect the black soil.

From more than 40 million acres in 2020 to over 80 million acres of this year, the protection area of ​​the northeast has increased by more than 30 million acres. According to the "Northeast Black Land Protection Plan (2020-2025)", by 2025, 70%of the northeast region should take protective farming measures.

New technology: "God Enter the Earth" efficient and precise

In the core demonstration zone of the National Raw Materials (Corn) Standardized Production Base in Lishu County, Jilin Province, farmers drove agricultural machinery for autumn harvest operations (Photos of UAV, taken on October 23, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan Zhang Nan

The drone hangs a small device to fly around the farmland. After a while, a few square kilometers of soil fertility data map appeared on the ground to display the terminal. This airborne device is called black land information drone high -spectrum perception equipment.

"The technology of these aerospace detection fields is now used in black land protection." Said Tan Xin, a scientific research leader of the precise agricultural and forestry innovation room of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Optical Machinery. With the help of high -precision detection instruments, soil fertility, crop nutritional state and other information are grasped in real time, and the monitoring efficiency has been greatly improved.

After using new equipment in Helong Town, Nong'an County, accurately grasping land fertility data, this high -tech equipment is very helpful for production.

In recent years, the "Jilin No. 1" satellite soaring in the sky has been active in the field of agricultural production. It always pays attention to the entire growth period of crops. The processed satellite images can analyze, analyze and disaster situation judgments on crops. Today, Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd., which is responsible for operating the "Jilin No. 1" satellite constellation, cooperates with Lishu County and other places to apply satellite remote sensing technology to help agricultural high -quality development.

In Dongliao County, Jilin Province, Li Xiangan, a researcher at the Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, observed crops in the test field (taken on July 5, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Qinfeng's high -tech equipment for high -tech equipment made the protection of black land more efficient. On the ground, researchers are also continuously developing new technologies, more accurately connecting agricultural production and land protection needs.

In Dongliao County, Jilin Province, Li Xiangan, a researcher at the Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and more than 10 colleagues have recently observed the growth of crops such as corn in the field.

According to Li Xiangnan, this land applies new cultivation techniques to cover crops such as corn sets, and has these crops covering the ridge, which can reduce soil loss and leave the precious black soil in the land.

There are many hills and forest land in Dongliao County, and the soil loss is severe in the rainy season. "In the past, some land floors were often washed away by rain, and the farming layers became thinner and thinner, affecting food production." Qiu Guogang, a large grain plan, said.

The situation improved after Li Xiangan and others arrived. Scientific researchers have established nearly 1,000 acres of ecological agricultural research and demonstration bases. A variety of corn sets covering crops are put into application, and farmland's soil -keeping and fertilizer effect is obvious.

Last year, more than 500 large grain households organized a demonstration base to visit and study. Qiu Guogang was quickly convinced by these new technologies. This year, most of his cultivated land has been new.

In the "Science and Technology Court" of Sankeshu Village, Simu Township, Lishu County, Jilin Province, Shayan (left) and Guo Wenqing of China Agricultural University observed corn samples (taken on August 2, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan Zhang Nan

This is one of the demonstration areas established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out the "Black Earth Greece" science and technology conference in the northeast. At present, thousands of young scientific researchers in the hospital formed the "Youth Commando" to take root in the front line of the countryside and carry out research on black soil protection technology.

The key to agricultural modernization is to rely on the modernization of science and technology, strengthen the cooperation between agricultural bases and scientific research institutes, and allow farmers to master advanced agricultural technology.

From the high -cold black earth area of ​​Heilongjiang, to the core area of ​​Heilin in central Jilin, these places are becoming the main position of technical research on the technical research of many scientific researchers such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China Agricultural University. They accurately distinguished policies and exerted eighteen martial arts arts to make various black land protection technologies and equipment.

New pursuit: More and more farmers fall in love with "green planting"

In Quangou Village, Lishu County, Jilin Province, Zhang Wenzheng, chairman of the Hongwang Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative, checked the crops of different planting methods in the field (taken on July 5, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Qinfeng

In Quangou Village, Lishu County, Zhang Wenzheng, the chairman of Hongwang Agricultural Machinery Farmers' Professional Cooperative, is looking at the crops of different planting methods in the field.

Zhang Wenzheng has adopted protective farming for many years, and corn production has remained stable. This year, he carried out planting methods such as rice beans on the land that implemented protection measures to test high -yield and efficient planting solutions.

In recent years, with the in -depth implementation of black land protection, more and more farmers are no longer satisfied with only protecting cultivated land. "Protecting black land not only to prevent land degradation, but also to increase yield and income through 'green planting'." Zhang Wenyi said.

In Lishu County, there are more and more new farmers who use "green planting" like Zhang Wenzheng. The food output is more stable and the quality is higher, which also allows upstream and downstream enterprises such as food processing enterprises such as food processing enterprises to cooperate with new farmers like Zhang Wenzheng.

Since last year, Lishu County has explored modern production and operation methods with 300 hectares of concentrated land. Grain breeding households adopt protective farming, conduct standardized production, and cooperate with agricultural -funded enterprises and grain processing enterprises to connect the industry chain and develop modern agriculture.

"Large -scale‘ green planting ’natal festival increases efficiency. The cost of agricultural machinery in 300 hectares of land agricultural machinery is reduced by more than 10,000 yuan, the cost of agricultural capital is reduced by 180,000 yuan, and the grain loss is reduced by more than 100,000 pounds." Zhang Wenyi said.

This is the paddy field in Xingjia Village, Xiaochengzi Township, Nong'an County, Jilin Province (taken on July 6, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Qinfeng

In recent years, Nong'an County has established 55,000 acres of green food raw materials (rice) standardized production bases. The popularity of green planting technology has made local farmers taste sweet.

In the rice fields of Xiwangjia Village, Xiaochengzi Township, Nong'an County, rice fragrance comes up. In the past, farmers' traditional farming methods made rice not selling prices. "Now start paying attention to protecting the land and carried out green production."

Each spring is preparing for farming, Wang is returning to the chicken manure in the rice straw and cooperative farm. Organic fertilizers, biological insects, and pesticide residues are getting lower and lower. "The land is good, and the green rice is planted." Wang Zaixin said.

Nowadays, the rice processing plant has built a rice processing plant in Xiwangjia Village, and the brand has registered. The rice fields per mu increased by thousands of yuan per mu. Wang Zaixin said that green planting brings real benefits.

At present, Nong'an County has established an environmental monitoring system covering 200,000 acres of land, tracking indicators such as soil pesticide residues, heavy metal content, and water pollution to promote the reduction of fertilizer and pesticides, guide farmers to protect the land and green production.

Jilin Province also focuses on technology demonstration and promotion of grain crops to promote green prevention and control, unified prevention and rule. The province's green, organic and geographical indication rice certification area exceeds 5 million mu.

With the continuous deepening of black land protection, today's black soil protection technology is widely used, and new types of agricultural business entities are to play brands and processing based on green development concepts. High -yield and efficient modern agricultural blueprints are accelerating.(Reporter Chen Jun, Zong Wei, Xue Qinfeng, Meng Hanqi) [Editor: Liu Huan]

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