Modern China goes to the world's first person

Huang Zunxian (1848-1905), the word is public, the owner of the people. The outstanding patriotic poets, diplomats, thinkers and politicians in the late Qing Dynasty, pioneer in modern reforms, once made envoys in Japan, the United States, Singapore and other countries and regions. The head of Jie ". (The picture shows Huang Zunxian's portrait information picture)

Huang Zunxian's "Poetry of the People"

Information pictures of "People's Realm Lu" information of Huang Zunxian's former residence in Meizhou City, Guangdong Province

Make an embarrassment

Woo-! The whistle was long, and the passenger ship slowly stopped at Kobe Wharf.

Step out of the cabin, the cherry blossoms are grateful, and the maple leaves are red. The moment you moved ashore, you walked into history.

At this time -November 1877. You are 29 years old, the year of the general, the heart of the heart, the enthusiasm of young people and the weight of adults. The slightly tight lip shows your perseverance; the bright eyes are like jade, and Yu Jingzhong showed a few strands of anxiety.

I understand your worries. With your talent, Wen Da only takes time in the temple, but you are unique and reject your desire to let you continue to find your fame, becoming the first counselor in Japan in the Qing Dynasty. You are insulted to the domestic political situation of Wanma Qi, and you want to be Prometheus. Even if you are angry with the fire, the Great God Zeus is locked in the mountains to make the eagle pecking blood.

Fortunately or unfortunately this trip? As far as you are concerned, the path of "learning and excellence" that is interrupted by the people who take the test of the scholars and enter Hanlin is unfortunate; in terms of the nation, you have come to a new country that is new due to the Meiji Restoration. The magical path of a weak country is a great path.

The day of the mussels contains sand, which is worth looking forward to when it turns into pearls.

At the beginning of your office, Japan has to annex China's Ryukyu in China with its growing national strength. When you trial, you can play the situation, and the court stated the response to the court, thinking that "Ryukyu is dead, and in the past few years, the Minhai will be disaster." And predicted that Japan was "quite a child, and he dominated the ambition of the world." At that time, Japan's ambition was still concealed, and the Qing Dynasty was also shrouded in the superficial strength, but through the calm sea surface, you saw the icebergs of the wolf tooth. You know, the wings of the "Little Country" in the mouth of Tianchao Gui have been abundant. Sadly, Yan Chao did not know that Li Hongzhang and Prime Minister Yamen blamed the embassy in Japan to be "too Zhanghuang" and would "stimulate the end", and even recall the ambassador to resolve the deadlock.

I heard that you want to cry without tears. It turned out that in the hustle and bustle restaurant, sober people were alien. Walking on the streets of Mo Mo, you are unwilling to turn around and are forgotten by history.

You start to write "The National Chronicles of Japan", "intended to watch with the mirror, guide the Chinese people, and know what the law is taken." Forty volumes of the whole book, more than 50,000 words in Yangyang, focusing on the reform of the social system after the Meiji Restoration of Japan. Back to China to crush the mountains and rivers, overlooking the cherry blossoms in the east, you dip your heart in your heart, and provide a feasible blueprint for China's reform. You know that, compared to the rise and fall of the nation, personal honor and disgrace are just a piece of dust in the eyes of history. A drop of tears is enough to flood it; you admit that "the records written today are slightly old and far away. Western France, especially in detail, is applicable. "

When the book is completed, you look over by the window. The stars are bleak and the mist is permeated. You throw a pen in the case, and the pride is like hunting long wind, running through the sky. You know that there are too many truths in the night, and you are opening the corner of the night with the pen of Ruyu, so that the facts are in the world. The Warriors could not fight for the sword, then turned the sword into light, and sent a dawn to the passers -by in the night.

Japan stepped down, and you go to the United States as Consul General San Francisco.

Shao Guang is easy to pass, you look forward to more encounter; as long as the mission is on the shoulders, you are willing to walk.

San Francisco is a gathering place for Chinese people. It coincides with the economic recession caused by the US authorities to resolve the economic crisis, and drives out overseas Chinese with various excuses and set off a wave of Chinese exclusion.

That day, you came to the prison of a large number of Chinese workers. The reason for the prison of Huagong is "the housing area does not meet the regulations, and the crowded and sanitary conditions are worrying." The prison commander was a middle -aged man in his forties. He stuck his beard with his hands and glanced at the Qing Dynasty diplomat with a long braid and waist.

You noticed the arrogance of the other party, not humble: "Mr. Dian Prison, I have made people measure the area of ​​the prisoner and learned about the number of people being detained in each prisoner. The average use area, right? "

The prison was stunned, and he did not expect that the Chinese diplomat was ready and had done his homework.

You smile slightly, there are anger in your smile, and even noble people who are not lived: "You, you are detained here with poor hygiene conditions, don't you feel a bit humorous? Is the sanitary status and living conditions here better than overseas Chinese than overseas Chinese. The residence? "Dian Jae opened his mouth and wanted to argue, and was shocked by your row." You imprisoned them in a worse environment with a ridiculous excuse, making my diaspora suffer deeply. This It really contrary to the human rights concept advocated by your country? "

The prison chief is speechless. After your unremitting efforts and even negotiating the chief judicial chief of the United States, the authorities have finally forced the authorities to make concessions, and the rights and interests of Huagong have been guaranteed.

In November 1891, you were transferred to Singapore Consul General. "The blue sky is high, the yellow earth is thick, and the moon is warm and the sun is warm. You are 43 years old, are overwhelming, the career is slim, and the emotional silence can be imagined. However, love is the flowers deep in the heart. With it blooming, the fragrance will diffuse along the fingertips. How many good things have you done in visiting the suffering of the diaspora and promoting the development of education? Go to ask the flying geese in Nankou. There is one thing to give you a golden finger. After you talk about the advantages and disadvantages, and repeatedly strive to promote the Qing government to abolish the ban on the maritime order for nearly 200 years. Honggou is razed to the ground, and the heavens become a calm way. No matter where they are, the nostalgia can be settled in their hometown. The affectionate love for the nation and compatriots allows you to leave the Guanghua of life in every footprint of the envoy.

political reform

In 1894, the Sino -Japanese War of the Sino -Japanese War, you predicted.

This is the first time that the "Tianchao" has opened up the Westernization Movement and the Meiji Restoration in Japan. For a while, sadness flows into the river. Woohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhas! Who said that as long as you close the heart window, you can protect your pride? Silence is not a good medicine to heal sadness. Only when the pain is to the extreme can make a person go out of the world of solo dance.

At the end of this year, you officially ended your diplomatic career and stepped down from Singapore.

Behind it is an endless sea; in front of it, it is a long and virgin. You stand on the bow, and the vigorous sea breeze blows your face. Compared with the east of the Toyo, in addition to your perseverance, you have a little wisdom, such as the smelting of fire and iron into steel.

You go to Nanjing to meet Zhang Zhidong, the famous ministers of the late Qing Dynasty, the pioneer of the Westernization Movement, advocated that middle schools are the body, Western studies are used, and in the position of the wealthy country and strong soldiers, you can be described as you. You thought you would get a platform with an ambition at first sight. I don't want you to talk about it. After listening to it, Zhang Zhidong smiled and smiled a little perfunctory. The wrinkles on his face spread like water waves, and he was thrilling like a cracked land.

You know the deep meaning after the smile, the disappointment comes like the wind.

One day in September the following year is the highlight of your life. It was summoned by Guangxu in the Renshou Hall of the Summer Palace.

The young emperor did not wear a dynasty suit, wearing a gem blue robe, and a bright yellow vest with a sterile -based pattern base, and a black satin Ruyi hat tied with red spikes on his head. The eyebrows are like the mountains, the eyes are like a stars, and when you see you salute, you smile at your head, and there is a heroic spirit like the ripples of autumn water, refreshing.

The Sino -Japanese War was defeated, and the long -lasting "Japanese National Chronicle" was printed and became popular.

However, in the projector of the times, you have not seen your dancing posture, and you have been lost in sadness. "The unfortunate poet of the country" is not your wish!

The young emperor asked the master Weng Tonghe to find the book, praising his "change of the changes of the Ji Ren". He later issued a reform order that he later issued during the new period of the day, and many of them directly originated from Kang Youwei's "Japan's Political Examination", while Kang's "Japan's Political Examination" was deeply influenced by the "Japan State". He knew that you were in many countries, and the horizons were magnificent, so he asked directly: "You said, why do you win China?"

You kneel on your knees, raised his head slightly, and saw the young emperor looking at himself immediately. The moment when I bumped each other, like electric light fire stones, a spark of sparks stirred up in the deep historical tunnel. You feel the determination of the young emperor's reform. This determination is like a bean, but in the long night, a halo is rising, so that you have a converted to your soul: "Taixi is strong. In London, my father said that a hundred years ago, it was not as good as China. "

The young emperor heard his words and smiled slightly. Taking the west as a teacher, the east of the European style is attracted, and at the same time, maintaining China's independence and self -confidence is the essential meaning of Guangxu reform. The middle -aged man in front of him is simple and unrestrained. It was two parallel straight lines, but they met at one point: one was ambitious to strengthen the country and the people, and the other became a new way. Like two springmen, walking under the same tree, the breeze blows, and the peach rain of apricot flowers falls.

The most important thing to walk through the hustle and bustle is the place where you want to arrive.

Soon after walking out of Renshou Temple, you went to Hunan to act as an ambassador. You know that railways, mines, and machinery can strengthen their bodies so that education can make a nation's mindfulness. You can bloom on this land in "Japanese National Chronicle". A new policy is like a branch of arrows, passing through the dark historical sky, and shooting the feudal autocratic camps that are decided to decide: women are strictly prohibited; new school newspapers are created by new schools; The defense bureau co -organized by the gentry and business ... For a while, the land of Sanxiang, the new lotus competed, and the dark fragrance flowed;

Establishing the Southern Society is a glorious stroke in your life.

At that time, Germany invaded Jiaozhou, and the powers of the powers divided into China. Hunan's benevolent and worshipers became the picture of the death after death, and the independence of Baoxiang was allowed to learn from politics. Although it is divided in the future, southern China can not die, so it is named Nan to learn. The governor Chen Baozhen agreed that he learned to have functions such as participating in politics, selection of officials, establishing laws, cultivating talents, financial management, and groups. It plays an important role in improving the political participation of the gentry and promoting the reform of the law, so as to achieve the purpose of "Wu Xiang's change, then China changes;

At the seventh day of the Southern Society, Liang Qichao and Tan Yitong taught you. For the first speech, you are on the stage of Tsing Yi cloth. The students did not expect that in the dull situation of the iron bucket, such a beautiful flower can be bloomed, they were conquered by your charm. The charm is not abstract. It is a halo of learning, abilities, temperament, and temperament. It is invisible, but it is windy.

As soon as you raise your hand, stop the applause again. Looking like a torch, glanced at the venue of no seats, raised his voice and asked: "Everyone, Japan has inherited the Huafeng since the Sui and Tang dynasties. Lead the world? "

The resumed crow was silent, as if a needle landed on the ground, which would also cause a loud noise.

You wave to everything to go down, and the positive alarms: "Gai Yinyin's old law, decentralizes the people. However, the country of the country must be divided by the wisdom of the people. To improve the degree of civilization of the people, we can first implement the 'autonomy of their body, autonomy of autonomy, His hometown of 'local autonomy, to learn teaching, open the people's wisdom, expand the civil rights, and cultivate the awareness of participation and politics of the gentry and the people. , You can become the governance of the republic, and Zhen Da's rails. "

Applause thunder. As you said, when you first arrived in Japan, he was very aware of the people's rights. At the same time, it was taken to read Rousseau and Montesquien. Like a flower, it was just a bud. After experiencing light and dew, it would sing and bloom in the sky.

Unfortunately, the reform is a gorgeous firework, and it wither as soon as it blooms. It did not let Daqing, who was ill, returned to life, but hung the last way in front of its spiritual hall.

People do not feel, unpredictable, highlight and dark, sometimes only in turn.

Poetry

A red candle, half a pot of fragrant fragrant, we talk about it.

You are a poet. Poetry is the elf of the melting of temperament. Once the body is injected into the body of life, you cannot get rid of it. Regardless of whether overseas or participating in reform, poems are inseparable from you, that is the light of your projection of life.

The Chinese Book of Book of Songs understands its intentions. You spit lotus flowers, analyze Chinese culture, and hang your hands in the sky, which is a brilliant cloud; in front of the eyes, it is a splendid river. No wonder Japanese friends regard you as the Taishan Beidou; when talking with you, they are swaying and hate time and space misplaced. They cannot drink with Li Baichang in the moon and meet Du Fu. Sighing the liquor without sleeping; leaping in the Malaysia Mountain with Xin Qiji, picking the lights to watch the sword, and dreaming back to the corner.

Naturally, they are also intoxicated by your super poetry.

Starting from time and space dimension, scholars attribute your poems to two categories: the poem of the history of poetry, that is, the magnificent modern historical scroll from time dimension, "feel the country changes, hurts race, and mourn the people"; new world poems, that is, From the space dimension to show the colorful world map, "the view of the" outside of the country, the words of the heart ".

"There is something outside poetry, there are people in poetry", which is the core of your poetry theory.

"There is something outside poetry", which is based on real life as a birth point, describes the great changes in society, and uses poetry as a high -definition camera that records historical evolution; Social experience, express unique life perception, and let poetry bloom gorgeous emotional flowers.

The Sino -Japanese Sino -Japanese War was defeated, and you were a "Sailing Travel", which was shocking, weeping ghosts and gods. Lushun is the image of the mother of the motherland in your heart, so you do n’t hesitate to praise the words, and the opening of the article will sing its magnificence: “The sea water is nine o'clock”, overlooking the vast land of Shenzhou, the magnificent Lushun Port and its endless waters, but It is a cup of sea water and a few green smoke; "Longqi Baizhang welcomes the wind". Looking at the inside and outside of the military port, a red cannon stands on the turret, and the new warship is moored in the dock.

Lushun Port, the Qing government has been in operation for many years, and has spent countless money, and Japan sighed its "Toyo Wushuang". But shortly after the war. The Japanese slaughtered the city, the corpse was like a mountain, and the residents of the city were survivable, with 36 people. The best weapon and equipment, the most shameful defeat, your emotions are flying down, falling from the mountains to deep, choking and losing the sound: "Once it disintegrates into a gray, hearing the enemy's army." Why "why" Will the powerful military port of Dongyang Wushuang disintegrate? The reason given by the authorities is because of the attack behind the Japanese army. The poet did not positively refute this ridiculous word, but triggered our profound introspection and strong indignation through comparison.

Standing in the sunset of the nineteenth century, as a diplomat, your "new world poem" naturally occupies an important space. Faced with the new things spawned by Western industrial civilization, you sigh, shocked, and envy: "The intestines turn like a wheel, for a moment, which is one thousand weeks." The poem with the background of the Western Industry Revolution is based on the title of "Farewell". It is also expressing the sorrows of men and women, because with modern transportation such as trains and ships as emotional carriers, it has a special taste of Chinese and Western. Yes, Western civilization has driven by trains with the industrial revolution, and the Qing Dynasty, known as "the country of heaven", is still entangled with the Gentile messenger to see that the Chinese emperor should take a few heads to meet the etiquette. Why not make people feel heartbroken!

Whether it is the poem history or the new world poetry, there is a red line of infusion: the anti -emperor is patriotic and the transformation is strong. You are hailed by the poetry industry as the flag bearer of the Revolution of Poetry, not only in a new style of poetry, but also abandoning the tedious form; it is also to give poetry a new ideological content. Rather than promoting the poetry revolution with poetry, it is rather to use poetry as a torch to lead the footsteps of the times. Your poem is the ceiling of modern new poems, and you are also the top of the literary world. Because of your existence, the flag of the revolution in the poetic world can be exhibited, and the history of modern Chinese literature will spend a cluster. You are well deserved by Liang Qichao. You do n’t take pride in poetry, but poems have become you. Imagine that if there is no "Japanese Miscellaneous Poems" and "Poetry of the People", you are just an unparalleled reformeer, a well -known diplomat who may leave a few lines of cold text in the history of spots; The scenes of the new schools of the sun and the moon, the scenes of Hainan, the scenes are different. Your joy and sorrow appear from time to time in the words, you become lively, vivid, three -dimensional and full. Not only can we see every wrinkle on your face, touch every white hair of you, but also follow your verse into your wide sea of ​​hearts. You are like a fisherman, and the poems that make your heart are leading us to cross the storm and beauty of life. Your grief is as thin as autumn wind, and you can accumulate all the way to our hearts; your thinking is like summer flowing, and from time to time, it lights up the charming scenery on the sea.

Rejuvenate

In October 1899, take a flat boat, and you set foot on your life.

Two years ago, you were happy to fly, and you have a good heart and devote himself to the reform. Two years later, you put it back to your original status. Except for a few boxes of books in your life, you have only one cavity of grief and two -sleeved breeze.

Take off the cadre uniform of Daqing, put on a gown and two cloths, and you go in and out of the "human state" on Zhouxi, the eastern suburbs of Meizhou. This is your study, and Tao Yuanming's poem "settled in the people, but no car and horse noise". There are three -pointers, four -point bamboo, and seven points. You have to settle your soul in this quiet place. If there is no friend to mediate, the Japanese and British Embassy intervention, maybe you, like the sixth gentlemen of Wuyu, have already splashed the sun. However, you are not depressed, you can run schools and teach, accumulate fires; make friends of the book, sing poetry and wine, and sings; letters to transformers who are flowing all over the world, and stimulate the text; the life of the life after returning is still colorful by you. However, it is difficult to relieve your sadness. Although you are in the middle of the age, your mood is squeezed by this dull situation. As an old -style reader, you have not been able to enter; as a new reformist, you have not been able to wave the day. There is a cavity of blood, full of talent, but can only sigh in the seams of history, leaving a few frames of silence and lonely back to the future generations.

"The public is not the world, and the poem is named." This is a sigh from a friend. "Make a kingdom of slaughtering a country, Xiaoxian is really cooked." Your governance can be far on the skill of writing poetry. The horse comes out and gives you a grassland. You can step out all the way to smoke; Kunpeng showed his wings and gives you a blue sky. You can take a day of Caixia. Unfortunately, the changes in the world are always succumbing to the limitations of history.

Who said that the wise man is born with great power? In the world, there is also a storm that he can't stand.

You have a spirit in heaven, and maybe you call you "the first person in modern China to the world" to future generations.

You are not the first diplomat for overseas Qing Dynasty; when you open your eyes to see the world, Lin Zexu wants to be more than 50 years early. Why do you enjoy this honor? Is it because Rousseau and Darwin's theory and evolutionary theory are first introduced in China? It is because you have written more than 50,000 words of "Japan", which provides a complete reference for the Chinese reform of the Chinese reform and becoming an important ideological resource for the Restoration? Yes, it is not so. Lin Zexu is the first person in the world in China, but he is based on indirect information. He has no field feelings and misunderstandings. He advocates that "the master of the teacher is to make a cricket" still stays in the "utensil"; your thinking It has penetrated into the level of institutional and thought. It is also different from Guo Songzhang, Li Xunchang and others. They make the West and adopt fire species for the Chinese people, but lack of comparison of different politics such as Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Only you, zero -distance inspection of various political models in the West. In the United States, in order to protect the interests of Chinese workers, he also hired lawyers to fight lawsuits. The judicial system of capitalism is also clear. : "Administration" is separated from "discussions", the central government is decentralized, and the spirit of "civil rights" and "autonomy" is focused. Compared to the "scholarship" of Kang, Liang, etc., you still have rich practical experience to assist Chen Baozhen in the reform of Hunan's reform.

I am confused. In the early years, you met Li Hongzhang and talked about it. However, if you make an ambassador to Japan, you still rely on your father's relationship; after finishing your diplomatic career, you see Zhang Zhidong and want to show ambitions. When you are ordered to solve the lesson as a lesson plan for "hot potato", you have only met. The region has accumulated for many years of lesson plans. Xiang Shuai just praised you in the memorial and did not promote it.

Why? I am so much, first of all, you have no reputation. Since the establishment of the imperial examination system for the Sui and Tang dynasties, only the scholars can only have the order of the toilet. In the strict level of the Qing Dynasty's political spectrum, you want to get a hard -working center or in charge of one party, and you are almost zero. Moreover, you are not the students and old officials of the big guys, and you are not recommended without heavyweight characters. You can't really enter the circle of friends of others. It's not difficult to say a few words of polite words, just say it again. Secondly, the political arena in the late Qing Dynasty was like a pool of dead water, decaying acid stinky, and beating people in dark hammer. You are indulgent, ancient and modern, with a smile and laughter. Zhang Zhidong calls you to return to China from Singapore, just let you handle the lesson plans that others avoid. Third, the concept is different. Li and Zhang are representatives of the Westernization School. They believe that they can imitate Western shipbuilding and cannons. The ancestral method is inevitable, and the concept is still on the level of "utensils"; and you advocate that learning from the West has penetrated into culture and thoughts. high. The book "Japanese National Chronicle" is successful. You hope to publish as soon as possible through official channels, and the interest is presented to Li Hongzhang. The middle hall turned over this great work that could be passed on, and it was abandoned aside; you are unwilling to worry about this cold, and instead ask the Governor Zhang Zhidong of both Guangdong and Guangxi. Send the General Administration. " Unexpectedly, the disappointment was a bird that was injured by the same projectile, and the edges and wings were fluttering. Hunan governor Chen Baozhen really helped you. Of course, he hopes that one day he can cut the West Window Candle with you, but "Bashan's night rain rises the autumn pool", the night wind is suddenly, and it is late.

Guangxu calls you a great time for a carp jumping Longmen. He is very impressed with you. Afterwards, he wants to send you as the ambassador to the Britain and Germany. You are doing the water in Hunan, and the youth emperor is naturally relieved and decided to appoint you to be the new ambassador to Japan. It is intended to improve your qualifications. It is said that you will soon call you to enter Beijing and "the chief center and implement the new policy." Unfortunately, the change of reform is all bubbles. Once the flowering period is missed, how can there be fruit ending? Destiny seems to have been playing the game of rotating Trojans with you. You chase all the way, but there is a constant distance that cannot be crossed. There is nowhere to sprinkle with blood full of blood, the blue bird is not coming, and the cream is frost.

History has bred you and disappointed you; the times created you and missed you.

On March 28, 1905, a generation was gloomy. Yaotai Yinyu, drumming, greeted your soul to return to heaven, and engraved your name on the monument of history.

—— Huang Zunxian, the word publicity, the owner of the people. The outstanding poets, diplomats, thinkers and politicians in the late Qing Dynasty, "modern China goes to the world's first person."

What is history? Hugo said that the echo passed to the future in the past is the future reflection of the past. It's just that it always depends. In my heart, the background color of history is the daily expression of countless sentient beings: numbness, helplessness, anger, and desire; the wise man who leads the times will color it with ultra -dust words and deeds, so that history is lively, vivid, highlighted, and rich. Texture. They were fortunate to leave their names. Behind the name of each name, there were tears, struggle and laughter of countless ordinary people. History is no longer a cold record and boring figure, but a long roll of landscapes that can be connected to the past, present and the future. Each subtle local is thrilling, and every time you describe it, it is steamed.

You have exhausted your life and hope that through the reform, the Chinese nation stands in the forest of the world's nation. Facing the chaotic clouds, still firmly believe: "A round of red day surges, ask me to win."

what is this? This is the power of faith.

——Profotability, publicity, where is the place today? Green banana, red maple trees. Huang Ren held a day, a hundred years of dreams, knowing not?

(Author: Du Weidong, a writer, former editor -in -chief of "Novels" magazine)

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