When the city starts to "float" on the sea

Right now, climate change and urban diseases around the world are facing the challenges of climate change, and floating buildings are quietly appearing in all corners of the world.

The full text 5689 words, it takes about 11 minutes to read

Beijing News reporter Hou Wuting Editor Zhang Shujing School Divided Zhang Yanjun

In the past week, the weather of Maldives was bad. The continuous rainfall and the slowly invading waves drowned the streets and alleys of the small islands.

"Usually this is the case at this time every year. The government needs to provide millions of dollars to establish a temporary residence." In the past 15 years, Maldive's wife Ibrahim Riyaz deeply felt that the impact of climate change lies in the impact of climate change lies in lies in the impact of climate change. This land is getting more and more obvious.

The higher temperature, more dangerous maritime journey, more frequent extreme climatic phenomena, some seaside landscapes different from childhood memories ... Global changes are in the reality of entering Madame Maldive.

"Our islands are being drowned one by one." At the 26th UN Climate Change Conference (COP26), Maldive President Salih said, "If we do not reverse this trend, the Maldives will be no longer before the end of this century this century. exist."

This is the anxiety of Salich, or the anxiety of hundreds of thousands of Maldives. Here, the discussion of the "Doomsday" through immigrants has always existed, but this has never become an option for Marcius resident Afrah.

"Is it safe in Australia? No one can escape climate change." Evra said to the Beijing News reporter.

Today, with the first floating city in Maldives, Riyaz has seen new hope. As a floating city director of the Maldives, in an interview with the Beijing News, he said, "We believe that the Maldives floating city will establish a new living standard and change the thinking mode of other countries to solve this problem (climate change)."

Right now, climate change and urban diseases around the world are facing the challenges of climate change, and floating buildings are quietly appearing in all corners of the world. Norwegian floating parks, floating seaports in Panama, French theater in France ... More and more architects are eager to try to embed the "blue building" into the future of human beings. Perhaps the floating city will become the next stop for human future development.

Maldives floating city renderings. Figure/WaterStudio/Dutch Docklands Maldives

Bleak

When the city floats on the sea

If the city can float, the rising sea level will not be afraid.

In an emerald -colored lagoon in the Indian Ocean, a floating city contours first. It looks like brain coral. This city consists of 5,000 buildings, including houses, restaurants, shops, and schools. The floating road of 17 kilometers through it. This floating city may become a new hope for hundreds of thousands of Maldives.

Floating cities are expected to accommodate 20,000 people. It only takes 5-10 minutes to take a boat from Malaysia. According to the plan, from 2023, an average of 1,000 houses will be transported to the lagoon each year, and the entire city will be completed in 2027.

South Korea has announced a similar plan. Another Dutch company Blue 21 also plans to establish a series of floating islands in the Baltic Sea, but none of them are as ambitious as the Maldives floating city. According to the United States CNN (CNN), Maldives floating cities are better than other projects in terms of scale and construction efficiency.

In an interview with the Beijing News, Koen Olthuis, the founder and CEO of the Dutch construction company, designed the floating city, depicts a beautiful picture.

He called it "blue city". In his mouth, this is a celebration of the ancient culture of the Maldives: rainbow -like houses, small roads paved with sand and stone, water taxis, etc.; Continuous and green ways extend the city on the water; here, residents will no longer be subject to the extremely crowded living space of Malaysia.

Maldives Floating Cities Internal Street renderings. Figure/WaterStudio/Dutch Docklands Maldives

In this vision, they will "build a floating city through the technology of floating buildings in the Netherlands, so that Mrs. Maldives will turn from climatic refugees into climate innovators."

The floating city will be connected to a huge underwater hull. Under the hull, it will be fixed on the sea bed through the stillery structure that can be scalable. The "stilts" will allow the city to move vertically within a certain range. This design makes the city avoid the disturbance of floods. Even if facing the tsunami, the floating city is like a floating blanket. They will also pull out the seawater of 700 meters deep and 5 ° C to cool the city.

However, floating cities still face various challenges: how to ensure the supply of raw materials on the Indian Ocean that has nothing? In order to protect the ecological environment of the lagoon, all construction projects will be carried out on the dry dock near Malaysia. It is also an important issue to transport the construction and assembly floating module to the lagoon.

For Mrs. Malaysia, their most concerned question is: How much does it cost to rent or even buy a floating house?

Bleak

The choice of 1%?

For Evra, a floating house is a beautiful luxury, but the audience is not Malaysia.

"Most Maldives even have no money to buy their own houses. How can we pay a floating house?" Evra told the Beijing News reporter, "1%of the world in the world holds most of the wealth, as well as in the Maldives. The gap between the rich and the poor here is very serious, and the middle class is constantly narrowing. "Evra introduced that compared with income, housing is the burden of unbearable housing residents, and some families need to spend all salary income on the housing. MIMRAH, the resident of Maldives, also told the Beijing News that Malaysia is highly crowded and the burden of housing is extremely heavy.

Riaz said that at the beginning, the floating city will be more expensive than social housing, but the price may decrease in the future. Olmus says that a 25-50 square meter single-room apartment starting price is 150,000 US dollars (about 1 million yuan), and a small family house of 80-100 square meters starts at $ 250,000 (about about $ 250,000 (approximately 1.67 million yuan).

In Olmus, at the beginning, it is difficult for all innovative buildings to avoid huge funds, but as more and more architects and real estate developers enter the field of floating buildings, their technologies are constantly mature, and costs will also cost. reduce.

"It is our next important goal for ordinary people to pay for the cost of living in floating buildings." Olshus added, "This is an answer provided to most people, not a few (rich) people."

In August of this year, the first floating apartment in this "blue city" will usher in the opening ceremony. In 2024, residents started to live in a floating city, whether it really won the love of Maldives is still unknown.

Mimra has never heard of a floating city before, and when asked if he was willing to live in, he lived in Difesci Island in his life that his love and attachment to the island had far more than a new floating floating. The attraction of the city.

Evra has always been suspicious of this project, "Although floating cities can resist rising sea planes, this is not the only challenge brought by climate change. Here the wind is getting stronger and higher and higher. It must be very firm. "He added that" the floating city may be a way out, but unless I see a floating city with my own eyes, it is difficult to convince me. "

Bleak

Mrs. Maldive's anxiety

Mubahill also lives in Difesci. Four years ago, the well water in his family was unavailable due to saline pollution, and they could only live by collecting rainwater. On the occasion of the Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) last year, the freshwater resources stored in his family could only help them support them for 3 months.

For some Malaysian ladies, "my country will disappear in the future" is no longer distant anxiety, and global warming has begun to become their realistic problems.

Former Maldives President Nashid said that 97%of the Maldives are no longer fresh groundwater. The Maldives environment, climate change, and Minister of Technology Amonat Schina also said that under the influence of global warming, the island nation is not much left.

Freshwater pollution is not the only climate problem facing Maldives. In recent years, the waves have become increasingly turbulent, and 90%of the coasts of Maldives have been severely eroded.

The so -called sea erosion effect is the process of seawater through its own motivation (waves, tide, ocean flow, turbid flow, etc.) to damage the coast and underground erosion. This means that the islands of the Maldives are shrinking, and the reduction of the natural protection barrier -coral reef.

Studies have shown that healthy coral reefs can absorb 97%of waves and slow down coastal erosion. But in 2016, about 60%of the coral reefs of the Maldives, they lost most of the cutting -edge coral reef lines.

"For us, (global warming) The difference between 1.5 ° C or 2 ° C is like (sentenced) death penalty." Seana said. The new crown epidemic also reminded them again: the Maldives was in the Indian Ocean. The Maldives uses its 50%national budget to adapt to climate change, such as the establishment of a seawall that protects coral reefs. However, the new crown epidemic severely hit the tourism industry of Maldives, and the economy has shrunk by one -third.

Of course, Mubahill, who needs to worry about freshwater resources, cannot represent all Maldives. Mimrat said that Mubahel belongs to one of the few people living in the sea. Evra also said that although most parts of Maldives are facing freshwater pollution, the seawater desalination plant has been promoted. The Maldives government has promised that by 2023, the seawater desalination plant will be established on all the islands of people living.

For more Maldives, the anxiety of climate change may be like a dark tide of surging life.

If at the end of this century, the Maldives failed to survive this level, and the tourists sighed only the disappearing tourist paradise, and the environmental activist Maeed Mohamed Zahir said that Mrs. Maldive would lose Their coconut trees, their beaches; they will lose a nation, a kind of identity, a cultural history, a language and text.

Bleak

The collapsed Macoto floating school

In 2003, when Olmusz established WaterStudio, the extremely crowded cities and the remaining urban land were their most concerned issues. In the past 20 years, population expansion, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, food safety, garbage siege, these Urban diseases are accompanied by urbanization, like a fishbone stuck in the development of modern society, which is difficult to remove.

And the low -altitude area is not just a Maldives. According to the New York Times, the land of about 150 million people live by 2050 will be overwhelmed. Vietnam's Economic Center Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok, Thailand, Mumbai, India, and Egypt's largest port Alexander faces this risk.

As Evra said, immigrants were only itchy, and no one could escape climate change. In the face of global changes and urban diseases, more and more countries have turned their attention to floating buildings.

From the Maldives to the west, in the vast African continent on the West Coast of the Indian Ocean, someone had built a floating school in the slums of Lats, Nigeria. At that time, the media called it the prototype of the floating building.

Located on the Atlantic coast, Ragos is the largest city in West Africa. In the past half a century, Lagos has developed rapidly and has become an important economic and financial center in Africa. Nigeria local media even said that if Lagos is a country, it will become one of the five largest economies in Africa.

But economic development, the rapid expansion of the population also puts great pressure on the local environment, and Lagos is also facing the risk of being drowned. Cleente Eunze, the director of the Nigerian Aquatic Culture Bureau, said that about 10 cities around the world may be submerged by 2050, and Ragos is one of them.

In 2013, when the floating school was completed in the Lagosko Waterfront Waterfront, the residents of Lagos saw a new possibility, and the Marko community was even more ecstatic. This time was too perfect -2012 The Lagos government has just announced illegal Marko Waterfront slums and trying to drive all residents. This floating school that has won many international construction awards has allowed the municipal government to abandon the original plan.

Magako floating school. Figure/NLE Construction Company

But after looking forward to it, the disappointment followed. The Marko floating school built in 2013 was not opened to students until October 2015. It can only safely accommodate 60 students, which is far from meeting the needs. In March 2016, Macco School was severely damaged in the storm, so students moved back to the old teaching building. On June 9 of the same year, in a large storm, the Magako floating school collapsed. At this time, it was less than one year before it was officially opened.

The design of the floating school Niche architect, Convillia, said the wear of the school caused the school to collapse. He said, "As the first prototype, the service life of this structure is limited." Its construction company NLE wrote in a public document that the Macoto floating school collapsed due to "lack of proper maintenance and collective management".

It is not fair to define the failure of the Marco floating school with the result of the collapse. However, the most controversial point or not here. The most marginal group of the Lagos community becomes an experimental object of an architect?

Lagos architect Omota said that this original project should be an "experiment" unknowingly. After knowing Magoto's economic and social issues, and children being involved, why can they perform experiments here?

NLE insisted, "We believe that for all related parties and many people in the world, the establishment of water buildings in scarcity areas, this project has always been an important learning process in the future."

Maintaining the motivation of technological innovation is as important as the first step of innovation. The collapse of the Macco Floating School has given us experience and lessons, but it does not prevent the development of floating buildings.

So far, the collapse of the Macco Floating School has passed six years. In these 6 years, architects around the world have never stopped trying to extend the city on the water.

Bleak

The "past life" of floating buildings

In 480 BC, when the King of Persian State Xerxis I led the army and passed through the Herles, they stepped over two bridges floating on the boat -some people called these two bridges as the earliest floating buildings.

Although it sounds like the imagination in science fiction movies, in fact, humans have lived and cultivated for several centuries in floating habitats. Julia Watson, a lecturer at Harvard University, has written a book to introduce the cases of 64 floating Aboriginal communities around the world in detail. Some of the sustainable design of some floating buildings are still worth learning from.

The history of floating buildings is extremely rich and may never stay away from human life. To this day, we can still find floating Aboriginal communities, such as the Bayao people in Indonesia and the Moen people on the Andaman coast. They have been accompanied by the water body for a long time and built many floating facilities The reed island of the Ulus on the Kazaka, the floating garden of the peasants of Bangladesh, etc., due to climate conditions, cultural differences and local architectural materials, floating building technology around the world is constantly evolving.

Theoretically, floating infrastructure has long occupied human imagination. In the 1960s, American architect BuckMinster Fuller designed a bold utopian, known as Triton City. It is assembled from the quasal -faced module. There is a floating community that accommodates 5,000 people. A primary school, a supermarket, and several specialty stores. 3 to 6 communities can form a town, and 3 to 6 towns can form a city. At each stage, the corresponding infrastructure will increase.

At the same time, at the same time, the Japanese architectural community has emerged in metabolism, and strongly advocates using new technologies to solve problems. Some of them have proposed plans such as "Marine City" "Floating Cities". Time returns to the 21st century, and South Korea's Busan Port is also building a floating city. The base of this city is made of special ecological rocks, which is harder than cement, enough to resist floods, tsunami, and even level 5 hurricanes. The project is expected to be completed in 2025.

In the crowded urban environment, the French Lyon government also turned its attention to the water. A floating theater is being built here. It is expected to be completed in October this year.

Last year, the Global Adaptive Center Headquarters, which focused on climate change, moved into the largest floating office to date, located in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. In 2019, this city has launched the world's first floating animal pasture, which can raise 40 cows and provide milk, cheese, yogurt, etc. for the city. The feed of dairy cows.

Global adaptation center headquarters, the world's largest floating office. Figure/Marcel IJZERMAN

At present, most of the floating construction projects can be seen by the Dutch architects. The lowland country known as the "artificial" country is at the center of this innovation movement.

"God created the world, but the Dutch created the Netherlands." In this country with the lowest altitude in Europe, 24%of the land area is lower than the sea level. For a long time, the Dutch has learned to coexist with the water, and also took the lead in boldly conceived a sustainable floating building.

In the past 20 years, WaterStudio has designed more than 300 floating houses, offices, schools, medical centers, and so on. For Olmus, in the face of uncertain future, the flexible floating building seems to be a universal key, which can open the door that is closed tightly due to the changing future.

In the context of rapid urbanization, for the consideration of innovation and challenges such as improving urban life and response to climate change, many people have shifted their attention to the construction of floating infrastructure to try to create a large -scale and integrated maritime city.

Floating buildings have pioneered a new field of vision -humans no longer have to attach to a static city unchanged for hundreds of years. Olstus explained that you can move, rotate floating buildings, and increase or decrease specific functions in cities, such as renting a floating stadium, and then transfer to other places after 20 years. The flexibility of floating buildings provides a new thinking model.

Climate Change Global Adaptive CEO Patrick Verkooijen told reporters from the Beijing News that if you want to protect the coastal communities and maintain the livelihood of local residents, in the future, the necessaryness of floating buildings will inevitably become increasing urgent.

Duty editor Gu Li

Click below to enter the "National New Coronatte Virus Infection Pneumonia Real Map"

Reaffirming in many places is used only for epidemic prevention, keeping the bottom line of the use of health code

After the itinerary "picking the stars", don't use the "alternative" to add

Behind the shooting "Admissions and Reduce Chapter"

- END -