Why is it called a "subway" high -speed rail?

On June 13th, the large -scale interview and reporting activities of "Da Mei Chongqing · Cheng Zhengyu High -speed Railway to the Yangtze River National Cultural Park" launched in Chongqing, which means that the Zhengyu high -speed railway is connected to the Shuangcheng Economic Circle of Chengyu area and the Central Plains urban agglomeration. The entire artery is open to traffic. From now on, this newspaper has launched a series of "Follow the Zhengyu High -speed Railway" series to show you the story behind Zheng Yu's high -speed rail.

Follow the footsteps of the Chongqing Daily reporter, take the high -speed rail, go to poetry and far away

Zhengyu High -speed Railway Hunan and Hubei borders to the Wanzhou section line is about 470 kilometers long

There are 98 bridges in this section of the positive line, 120.5 kilometers long; 60 tunnels, 336.9 kilometers long, 457.4 kilometers in the bridge and tunnel, and 97%of the bridge tunnel. The bridge of rice has 13, 57 special road base work points, and the project scale is quite large.

In the Wanzhou to Wushan section in Chongqing, the tunnel accounts for 92%, and the total length of the bridge and tunnel accounts for about 98%

"Metro" high -speed rail!

Zhengyu High -speed Railway Xiangyang to Wanzhou section has such a metaphor in the industry.

Why do you say that? In this line, the proportion of bridges and tunnels (bridge tunnel ratio) exceeded 90%, and Wanzhou to Wushan section reached 98%of the rare nationwide. Most of the time, the train is in the tunnel, which is similar to the urban subway.

As we all know, the construction of bridges and tunnels is very difficult. Why do Zheng Wanduan build so many bridges and tunnels? What are the difficult and twists and turns of this railway from planning, survey and design to construction? A reporter from Chongqing Daily conducted a visit.

Tour the Three Gorges on the high -speed rail and go to the Wushan scenery just right

A "late" railway

The Zhengyu high -speed rail includes two sections of Zheng Wan and Yuwan (has been opened to traffic). Before the Zhengyu high -speed railway Zhengzhou to Wanzhou section was opened to traffic, the railway channels from Chongqing north to Beijing had Baocheng, Xicheng, Xiangyu, etc. to choose from. However, it is not difficult to find that the Zhengyu high -speed railway Zheng Wan section is the most straightforward. It is the fastest railway channel in the north direction of Chongqing. At the same time, it is also the line with the most economic bases and tourist attractions along the line.

On June 13, the Zhengyu Railway Wushan Station. Reporter Xie Zhiqiang/Visual Chongqing is so straightforward and economic -driven railway, why is it "late"?

"In the past, the country's financial resources were insufficient and the technical capabilities were limited. When encountering large mountains and rivers, they could only be detoured as much as possible." Xiao Qiangdao, executive deputy chief designer of the Zhengyu High -speed Railway.

For example, in the 1950s and 1960s, when the state was planning and constructing the Xiangyu Railway, the China Railway Second Court studied the various direction plans of the Sichuan -Henan Railway in a large scale. Essence

"However, at that time, the foreigners of the older generation of railways found that the construction was too difficult. With the technical capabilities at the time, it was impossible to subdue the special terrain and geology along the route." Xiao Qiang said that due to the difficulty of construction, Xiangyu eventually Xiangqing was eventually difficult to build. The entire line is through Xiangyang and Shiyan, Hubei, and Ankang, Shaanxi. After passing through Dazhou and Guang'an in Sichuan to Chongqing, the line has a semi -circular shape.

How difficult is construction from Xiangyang to Wanzhou section?

The Xiangyang to Wanzhou section has experienced three landforms: Nanxiang Basin, the Daba Mountains, and the Sichuan Basin. The mountains are high, there are many canyons, the terrain is large, and the environmental sensitive areas are large. The stratigraphy and geological structure are complicated. The rock -soluble and rock -soluble water, dangerous rock falls, landslides, rock piles, and empty areas are widely distributed. The line passes through the Three Gorges Reservoir area and across the Yangtze River trials in many places. Due to the influence of the water level of the Yangtze River, the unstable phenomenon of shore slopes is serious.

Zhengyu High -speed Railway Little Three Gorges Tunnel Auxiliary Tunnel Displaying Trust Cars Construction. (Photographed on May 18, 2017) Pictures of the Chengdu Railway Bureau

Data show that the total length of the Zhengyu high -speed railway from the Henan -Hubei borders to the Wanzhou section is about 470 kilometers. There are 98 bridges in this section of the positive line, 120.5 kilometers long; 60 tunnels, 336.9 kilometers long, 457.4 kilometers in the bridge and tunnel, and 97%of the bridge tunnel. The bridge of rice has 13, with 57 special road bases, and the project scale is quite large. In the Wanzhou to Wushan section in Chongqing, the tunnel accounts for 92%, and the total length of the bridge tunnel accounts for about 98%of the total line length.

What is the concept of 98%of the bridge and tunnel? Xiao Qiang explained that the 100 -kilometer high -speed rail route has only 2 kilometers of road base. The two -kilometer road base is also basically distributed in the area connected to the station, that is, some stations are built on the bridge.

Building a high -speed rail under such environmental conditions, don't say construction, even the survey design is difficult. When the preliminary planning research was launched in 2010, there were no smartphones and no navigation maps at that time. The survey in the mountains could only be leaned. By identifying the high lines on the map, the designer used the sheep intestine trail to find the location of the bridge and the tunnel. The poisonous snake block and mosquito bites on the road were commonplace.

It is precisely because the construction of the Xiangyang to Wanzhou section is too difficult that the construction period of this railway is 6 years, which is far longer than other roads nearby.

3 directions, more than 10 sets of line scheme comparison

The Zhengyu high -speed railway Zhengzhou to Wanzhou section is about 818 kilometers long, but the line direction plan of the preliminary research is more than 8,000 kilometers. Among them, the design line selection of Wanzhou to Wushan section has experienced dozens of surveys, line selection, review, and remodeling, and finally determined the most reasonable and feasible solution.

Why do you want to do so much "useless work"?

According to personnel participating in the design of the line, the three series of east, middle, and west series were designed, involving a dozen sets of line solutions. "The geological conditions are too complicated, and the environmental sensitivity is more distributed. It must be selected for the best. Especially the line direction is a major decision. You must make the research and demonstration work."

Among these dozen sets of line solutions, there are two lines on the western line. There are five lines in the mid -line scheme. There are six lines such as Xiangyang on the east line.

On June 13, the 55880 Fuxing Train from Chongqing to Wushan arrived at Wanzhou Station. Reporter Xie Zhiqiang Photo/Visual Chongqing

After some comparisons, only Zhengzhou -Xiangyang -Wushan -Wanzhou on the east line, and the middle line of Zhengzhou -Shiyan -Wuxi -Wanzhou. In the second choice, the experts also made it difficult. Some people say that the mid -line Zhengzhou -Shiyan -Wuxi -Wanzhou line, the line is relatively straight, the investment is slightly saved. But more people support the Zhengzhou -Xiangyang -Wushan -Wanzhou line on the East Line, and the reason given is more solid and powerful--

First of all, the two ends of this line are not only connected to the two major national central cities of Chongqing and Zhengzhou, but also 12 prefecture -level cities (districts, counties, states) in the three places along the route, and China Unicom. , Northern Hubei and southwestern Henan. There are tens of millions of people along the line and cities with nearly tens of millions of people include Zhengzhou, Nanyang, and Chongqing; cities with 5 million people include Xuchang City, Pingdingshan, and Xiangyang City; cities with millions of people include Yichang City and Wanzhou District; The cities with the population include Wushan County, Fengjie County, and Yunyang County. In other words, the cities at both ends of the north and the south are densely populated, with a large population and economically developed.

Secondly, the tourism resources are abundant. There are Wanzhou Qinglong Waterfall and Tiansheng City ruins along the line. , Baokang's Tangchi Gorge Hot Spring, Wudaoxia scenery, Xiangyang Gulongzhong, and the Yellow River Scenic Area, Shaolin Temple, Shiren Mountain, Xixia, Nengxiang County and other tourist attractions. For Chongqing, this line has penetrated into the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and the unique Three Gorges tourism resources are connected in series. Taking this line is more conducive to carrying out "high -speed rail tour". Chongqing Three Gorges Immigration Memorial. Ran Mengjun Photo/Visual Chongqing

Third, from the blankness of the high -speed railway network, this route covers the gap of railway gaps of more than 400 kilometers from Xiangyang to Wanzhou section. It can end the history of no high -speed rail in these areas, and the effect of improving regional transportation capabilities is more obvious. This has provided new impetus for the economic and social development of the Yangtze River, and activating the flow of people, logistics, and information in the region along the route.

At the same time, there are many economic bases along the route. Mining and metallurgical, chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, textiles, building materials, building materials, energy, automobiles, optoelectronic, food processing and other industrial systems are developed. Good promotion effect.

In the end, the direction of Zhengzhou -Xiangyang -Wushan -Wanzhou was established.

Why choose 350 kilometers per hour

After determining the line, there are different opinions to choose which speed. At that time, the Chinese high -speed rail had two speed standards of 250 kilometers and 350 kilometers.

Experts advocating a speed of 250 kilometers per hour believe that the western region is relatively backward, and the geological conditions of the Zhengyu high -speed railway Xiangyang to Wanzhou section are complicated, the investment is large, the passenger flow along the line is small, the railway return income is poor, and the high -speed rail with a speed of 250 kilometers per hour is more suitable for travel in the west.

Experts advocating a speed of 350 kilometers per hour believe that: transportation has always been the main factor restricting the economic development of the western region. The high -speed rail network in the eastern region has been in four ways, and the speed of 350 kilometers per hour can further shorten the space -time distance from the east. At that time, Chongqing did not have a high -speed rail of 350 kilometers per hour.

On June 13, the 55880 Fuxing train from Chongqing to Wushan north to Wushan was steadily driving. Reporter Xie Zhiqiang Photo/Visual Chongqing

The controversy can only be spoken with data.

Xiao Qiang and his team combined with the technical standards of adjacent railways, from high -speed rail and surrounding road network adaptability, passenger volume comparison, train traffic plan, operation time, engineering investment, economic benefits, energy consumption, train operation conditions and other aspects, etc. The two design speeds are comprehensively argued and analyzed, and the conclusions drawn: The entire set of high -speed rail technology at 350 kilometers per hour was mature at the time. Because they were all in the mountains, the project was mainly tunnel. The speed of 350 kilometers per hour increased by 250 kilometers per hour. Investment is limited, but the quality of transportation is greatly improved. In particular, the preliminary planning research and survey design should have moderate advanced thinking. It is necessary to analyze and judge from the perspective of development. It cannot leave regrets in the future. Choosing high -speed rail technical standards with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour is more reasonable and scientific.

At the same time, experts believe that: Zheng Wanduan is connected with the High -speed Railway of the Han Dynasty in Xiangyang. The speed of 350 kilometers per hour can improve the quality of passenger transportation from southwest to East China, shorten the transportation time from the east to Wuhan, Nanjing, and Shanghai to make up for the existing existing existing The problem of low standards of Yifan in the Shanghai -Han Rong Channel provides important infrastructure support for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

In addition, Nanyang, Pingdingshan, and Wuhan, Xi'an, Hefei, Jinan and other surrounding cities will form a "two -hour economic circle". The speed of 350 kilometers per hour will be more conducive to promoting the gathering of people along the line, logistics, and information flow.

In this way, the Zhengyu high -speed railway Zhengzhou to Wanzhou section finally established a speed of 350 kilometers.

Zheng Wan Duan, Zheng Yu's high -speed rail, has also become a high -speed railway with a proportion of over 90%of the first bridge and tunnel built in the complex and difficult mountainous area of ​​my country and a maximum design speed of 350 kilometers per hour.

Why do these bridges "span to the end"

Wushan's small Three Gorges enters the estuary, a rainbow -shaped orange arch bridge, lying on the steep mountain cliffs of 100 meters high. Today, this Zhengyu high -speed railway Wushan Daning River Bridge has become a beautiful landscape of the Wushan Little Three Gorges Scenic Area.

On June 13, the platform of the Zhengyu Railway Wushan Station. Reporter Xie Zhiqiang Photo/Visual Chongqing

One end of the bridge is connected to the Zhengyu high -speed rail Tunxia Tunnel, and one end is connected to the Zhengyu high -speed rail Wushan Station. It is nearly 300 meters long. It is the maximum span of the 350 km/h high -speed railway in China.

One of the important reasons for the reason why the Daninghehe Bridge is designed as a medium -sized arch bridge is not designed as a common cable bridge and a rigid bridge. Protect the ecological environment along the line.

According to Lei Min, deputy chief engineer of the Chongqing Company Bridge of the Second Court of China Railway, the Daning River Bridge is located in the V -shaped river valley. The construction channel of the small Three Gorges Tunnel cannot be excavated, and the small Three Gorges Tunnel can be used as the construction channel of the Daning River double -line bridge. Therefore, a variety of bridges -type solutions have been studied combined with terrain and environmental requirements. After comparison, they eventually chose a medium -end bridge plan that is more friendly and safer to the environment.

Zhengyu's high -speed railway Wanzhou to Wushan section, the line is set along the north bank of the Yangtze River, and its ecological environment can be described in 8 words: sensitive, fragile, primitive, and unique. There are nearly 100 environmental sensitive areas around the line, including 33 nature reserve, 9 scenic spots, 15 forest parks, 1 wetland park, 25 water source reserve, and cultural relics and historic sites, national key protection animals and plants, etc. Essence Therefore, it is not an individual phenomenon that the bridge along the line is "one span to the end" like the Daning River Bridge. The Meixi River and the Tangxi River Bridge all avoid the pier in the water.

"Wanzhou to the Wushan section line is adjacent to the Yangtze River, and it attaches great importance to environmental protection during the survey and design. For example, the mountains where the tunnel engineering crosses is as far away from the Yangtze River waters as much as possible, the cave is concentrated and takes green reclamation measures. The method crosses the water body to reduce the effect of setting pier in the water on the water and fish in the water; the roadbed project should be reduced as much as possible, so that the natural environment around the railway will maintain the original appearance; through the above measures, the railway engineering and the surrounding natural environment are coordinated. Fusion. "Xiao Qiang said.

Reporter: Wu Gang Yang Yongqin

Edit: Chongyunfeng Zhao Yingzhao

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