Chinese -style emission reduction will not take the word "factory" path.

Source: "China's Policies and Actions to Copy Climate Change". Organ: Zhang Yi drawing: Zhang Yujia

"The multilateral efforts that respond to climate change have never stopped, and the general trend of green and low -carbon transformation is irreversible." At the 30th anniversary forum of the International Environment and Development International Cooperation Commission held recently, the special envoy of climate change in China said.

Climate change has changed from future challenges to a crisis in front of you. Jie Zhenhua said that the "double carbon" target (that is, the two stages of carbon reduction struggle proposed by my country: carbon dioxide emissions strive to reach the peak before 2030, carbon neutralization before 2060 -reporter's note) means that carbon emissions will be completed The intensity is the largest in the world, using the shortest time in history to achieve carbon neutrality from the peak of carbon emissions.

"This is not easy to achieve. It is necessary to pay hard work. It is a wide and profound economic and social change." Xie Zhenhua said.

High -quality development of collaborative economy

Disappearing does not reduce productivity

In 2015, the Paris Agreement made a unified arrangement of global actions to respond to climate change after 2020. The long -term goal is to control the global average temperature compared with the previous industrialization period to within 2 degrees Celsius, and strive to limit the increase in temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Inside.

When the Paris Agreement was signed, China had promised: carbon dioxide emissions reached the peak around 2030, and strive to reach the peak as soon as possible.

He Kebin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at the School of Environment of Tsinghua University, remembers that at the time, some foreign experts who learned about Chinese characters said that China's carbon emissions trajectory would form a "factory" of a factory, that is, the platform that had been peak on the peak of carbon and peaks. Don't come down. Such situations have appeared in Europe.

Five years later, China proposed a clearer and powerful goal to strive to achieve carbon peaks by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.

He Kebin said that this promise shows that China's carbon emission reduction path in the future is not the "factory" of the factory, but the geometric "how".

According to Xu Huaqing, director of the State Council of Climate Change Strategy and the Director of the International Cooperation Center, the two "front" characters in the "double carbon" goal highlight the strong and clear determination of the country. Future technological innovation gives possibilities to achieve two "front".

my country's energy structure dominated by fossil energy, the industrial structure with a higher proportion of steel and cement capacity, and the reality of developing countries, all increase the difficulty of reducing emission reduction.

"There are so many difficulties, why do you have to make up your mind to do it?" He Kebin said, from resources dependent economy to technology -dependent economy, forcing the economic model to transform, and consistent with the green and high -quality development direction we strive to achieve.

The transformation path of green and low -carbon has become an inevitable choice for high -quality development. Since the "Twelfth Five -Year Plan", my country has taken the decline in the decline in the discharge of the GDP's domestic production value (ie, the intensity of carbon emissions -reporter's note) as a constraint indicator, and is included in the outline of the national economic and social development planning. Key tasks, important areas and major projects.

According to the white paper (hereinafter referred to as the White Paper), which was released in October 2021, the "Policies and Actions to Copy Climate Change" (hereinafter referred to as the White Paper), in 2020, China's carbon emissions intensity decreased by 18.8%compared with 2015. Exceeded the goal of China's commitment to the international community.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has supported an average annual economic growth of 6.5%with an average annual energy consumption growth rate. The carbon dioxide was about 2.94 billion tons, and a new way for energy consumption emissions to "subtract" and economic development as a "addition".

An increasingly clear signal is: emission reduction is not to reduce productivity, nor is it not discharged, but to follow the road of ecological priority, green and low -carbon development, to promote green transformation and achieve greater development in green transformation in economic development.

Coordinate

Promote the realization of beautiful China

Wang Jinnan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that my country's ecological environmental protection is entering a critical period when China's ecological environmental protection is entering the key strategic direction of carbon reduction as the key strategic direction, promoting pollution reduction coordination, promoting comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and improving the quality of ecological environment from quantity to qualitative changes.

From the perspective of air pollution control, in the past 10 years, the national level has introduced two action plans in this field, namely the "Air Pollution Control Action Plan" and "Winning Blue Sky Defense Three -year Action Plan".

The changes in the blue sky are obvious to all. Data show that compared with 2013, the average concentration of PM2.5 in more than 300 cities across the country in 2020 fell by 46%.

However, the early assessment of the Chinese Academy of Engineering showed that according to the traditional blue sky defense path, the potential of pollution management was narrowing, and the demand for structural adjustment was increasing.

Behind Beijing's normalized blue sky, an important contribution is the adjustment of energy structure and industrial structure. The staff of the Beijing ecological environment department know that from the 89.5 micrograms/cubic meter in 2013 to 33 micrograms/cubic meter, Beijing's PM2.5 was "one micrograms, one micrograms,". From the transformation of coal -to -electricity and coal to gas to the discharge management of motor vehicles, the "steaming bird" of the industry ...

"my country's ecological and environmental problems are basically high -carbon energy structures and high energy -consuming, high -carbon industry structure problems." In He Kibin's view, the industrial structure mainly focused on heavy chemical industry, the energy structure of coal -based, and diesel trucks as the main chemical industry, and diesel trucks as the maintenance of diesel trucks. The main transportation structure of the main transportation is the main reason for my country's high environmental pollution and the intensity of carbon emissions. Environmental pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions are highly homologous and the same process, which means that pollution reduction and carbon reduction have consistent control objects. The two tasks can be promoted to a large extent.

Therefore, the "double carbon" operation can promote air pollution problem fundamentally. Some experts estimated that the PM2.5 concentration in China in 2020 has dropped to 33 micrograms/cubic meters on average, and nearly 100 cities reach the national standard of less than 35 micrograms/cubic meters, but if you go to the "double carbon" path, By 2035, more than 300 cities across the country can reach an average of 25 micrograms/cubic meter.

"By then, Lan Tian will no longer be 'luxury goods', no longer 'common products', but the‘ daily necessities ’of the people." He Kebin said.

Collaborative global governance

Copy historic changes in climate change

"Since 2013, pollution problems in most parts of the world have been increasing, but the global average level of pollution has declined, thanks to China." In June 2022, a report issued by the University of Chicago's Energy Policy Research Institute pointed out Essence

The report shows that "the United States and Europe have spent decades and experienced economic recessions before the implementation of pollution reduction. In the case of maintaining its sustainable economic growth, it only took 7 years to complete."

From the participants and contributions, China has gradually stood to the center of the global climate governance stage, and historically changes in climate change. In the past 10 years, my country's forest resources have grown over 70 million hectares, becoming the country with the largest "greening" in the world. my country has established the world's largest carbon market, and wind power and photovoltaic power generation equipment have formed the world's most complete industrial chain.

As of the end of 2020, the production of polysilicon, photovoltaic batteries, photovoltaic components and other products in my country accounted for the world's largest output share in the world, and it has become the world's largest new photovoltaic market for 8 consecutive years. The exports of photovoltaic products to more than 200 countries and regions have reduced the cost of clean energy in the world. The scale of new energy storage installed capacity is about 3.3 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world.

Since 2011, my country has arranged a total of 1.2 billion yuan for South -South cooperation for climate change. Officials and technicians in the field of change.

Zhang Jianyu, Executive Dean of the Green Development International Institute of Green Development of the "Belt and Road", said that cooperation between energy transformation and clean energy technology is not one -way, but a process of joint creation. In the face of different countries, the contradictions between different needs, different infrastructure and future development vision can work with China's industrial structure and industrial capacity to create new energy supply technology models.

The Paris Agreement has a consensus. Before 2050, all developed countries should achieve carbon neutrality. China has chosen a developed country to achieve carbon neutrality for 10 years after 10 years, which is equivalent to the choice of the first sequence in developing countries.

In 2021, the 26th Conference of the United Nations Climate Change Conference, UN Secretary -General Guterres saw the Chinese Climate Change Special Envoy Jie Zhenhua's participation in the conference, "You are here, this meeting is expected to succeed."

China has repeatedly emphasized in international occasions that "saying must be done." The Beijing Winter Olympics clearly conveys the concept of low -carbon environmental protection to the world: the main torch is a micro -fire, and the carbon emissions generated are about one -5,000th of the main torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. Zhang Bei's wind lits the lamp of the Beijing Winter Olympics and the story of the trees of the Beijing Yanqing Division by the QR code was talked about by people.

Xie Zhenhua said at the 30th anniversary of the International Cooperation Committee of China Environment and Development that facing the current complex and changing international situation, sustainable development and climate governance still must maintain strategic determination. Humans have only one earth, and the more difficult moments, the more firm confidence.

Source | China Youth Daily

Reporter | Zhang Yi

Edit | Qin Chao

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