The predecessors of the People's Republic of China are in the Anti -Japanese War

Today is the 85th anniversary of the outbreak of the July 7th Incident and the 85th anniversary of the outbreak of the Anti -Japanese War.

Don't forget history and revitalize China. Today, Xiao Xuan understands the stories of the Democratic Professor in the Anti -Japanese War-

Ma Xulun: Face the Japanese invaders iron hoof

▲ Ma Xulun (1885-1970) is one of the main founders of the Democratic Progressive. Famous educators, political activists, Chinese language and literaryists, poets, and calligraphers. Former member of the Central People's Government, Deputy Director of the Cultural Education Committee of the Government Affairs Council, Minister of Education, Minister of Higher Education, Vice Chairman of the Fourth National Committee of the CPPCC; Executive Director of the First and Second Council of the People's Republic of China, and the Third Central Council Chairman, chairman of the 4th and Fifth Central Committee.

In 1935, Professor Ma Xulun, Li Da, Yan Jingyao, and Yang Xiufeng formed the Beiping cultural community to save Congress. At the end of the year, the "One Two of Nine" in Peiping broke out, and tens of thousands of students went to the streets to march on the streets to demonstrate the "Hebei Government Commission" required to meet the requirements of the Japanese invaders' "Specialization of North China Regime". In this regard, Hu Shi, the dean of the Peking University Academy of Arts, made a speech: "The strike is the most unhelpful move." The Cultural Salvation Association led by Ma Xulun issued a declaration of the patriotic actions of students, saying that they "fight for the people to survive, willing to sacrifice their valuable time, and be willing to wash the blade with red blood, and be the preparation of the people, and be a fighter who saves the country."

In the autumn of 1936, Ma Xulun was commissioned by Wang Kunlun (a member of the CCP underground party member, and his public identity was the Kuomintang legislator) to fly to Chengdu to meet with the chairman of Sichuan Province Liu Xiang in the name of tour, and was invited to promote the anti -Japanese in Chengdu Radio and Military School. On December 12, General Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a "soldier" to seize Chiang Kai -shek, and the "Xi'an Incident" occurred. In order to stabilize the domestic situation, the United States anti -Japanese, and did not give pro -Japanese elements, Ma Xulun once again entered Sichuan to meet with Liu Xiang, and recommended people with anti -Japanese patriotic thoughts to him as a consultant.

▲ Ma Xulun refuses to accept the ritual oil painting of traitor

In 1937, Ma Xulun and his family trapped the "island" Shanghai and lost his source of life. In the eight -year life of the occupied area, Ma Xulun did not cooperate with Wang pseudo -regime. In order to avoid the entanglement of the enemy, he was renamed Zou Huasun. During this period, Ma Xulun had a lot of time to write the book, and also made a lot of patriotic scholars and brought out many students. 30 volumes, 2400,000 words of "Six Books Six Books Six Books", 90 % of the length was completed during this period.

During the occupation, Hangzhou Jijiang University moved to the Shanghai Concession in Shanghai to resume classes. Ma Xulun had the opportunity to work with Lin Hanka, a professor at the University of Zhijiang. During this period, I also met Lei Jieqiong, a teacher of Soochow University. The common ideals and pursuits make the three of them work hard to create the China Democratic Promotion Association in the future and work together.

Wang Shaozhen: The anti -Japanese rescue husband is responsible

▲ Wang Shaozhen (1888-1970) is one of the main founders of the Democratic Progressive. Former Deputy Director of the National People's Congress Budget Committee, deputy minister of the Ministry of Finance, executive member of the second, third, and fourth National Committee of the CPPCC; executive director of the first and second councils of the People's Republic of China, Vice Chairman of the Third Central Council, Fourth Fourth , Vice Chairman of the Fifth Central Committee.

The outbreak of the September 18th Incident in 1931, Wang Shaoyu launched the "National Difficult Relief Association of the Republic of China" in Shanghai, and then went to Beijing to initiate the organization of the "Salvation Association" with Lan Gongwu and Zhang Bojun, contacted all parties for anti -Japanese forces to carry out anti -Japanese rescue propaganda.

In early 1932, he returned to Shanghai from the north. At that time, the situation in Shanghai was very severe, and the Japanese army continued to provoke. Wang Shao's family lived in Zhabei and was adjacent to the Japanese concession. The nearby residents had fled, but Wang Shaozhen had no time to take care of his family and ran away all day long. On the evening of January 28th, the "January and 28" of the Chinese and foreign "January 28" broke out. Wang Shaozheng was trapped in the north and witnessed the vigorous scene of the patriotic military and civilians fighting against the Japanese invaders. Four days later, he took his family from Zhabei from the north, and immediately was busy supporting the work of the general in front. Since then, he has come and go to the north and south, doing his best to raise money for the Northeast Anti -Japanese Volunteer Army.

In the autumn of 1933, Wang Shaozhen, who grew up and matured in the baptism of the revolutionary storm, joined the Communist Party of China. Due to Wang Shao's identity and social relationship, he arranged for his contact with the Kuomintang and the upper levels of the society. In June 1936, Wang Shaozheng was arrested by the Kuomintang in Nanjing Pukou. It was not until the July 7th incident that the Kuomintang was forced to announce the release of the "political prisoner" before he was released from prison. In more than a year of prison life, he always strictly observed the party's secrets and showed the strong will and lofty morality of a Communist Party member.

At the end of 1937, Wang Shaozheng and Xu Zhucheng initiated the establishment of the Wen Wei Po. In 1938, Wang Shaoyu established an anti -Japanese guerrilla team led by the Communist Party and active on the border of Jiangsu and Zhejiang and the south bank of the Taihu Lake in his hometown of Wujiang and Taihu. In early 1940, Wang Shaozhen was assigned to leave Shanghai to Hong Kong and engaged in intelligence work under Comrade Pan Hannian. In May 1942, he returned to Shanghai, actively covered the leaders of the underground party, collected information from all parties extensively, rescued comrades arrested by the Japanese pseudo -jail, worked in obscurity for the party's anti -Japanese war, and made outstanding contributions to the final victory of the Anti -Japanese War.

Zhao Puchu: Assist the New Fourth Army

▲ Zhao Puchu (1907-2000) is one of the founders of the People's Republic of China. Famous social activists, outstanding patriotic religious leaders, well -known writers, poets and calligraphy masters at home and abroad, social charity. Former chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association, vice chairman of the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth National Committee of the CPPCC; Vice Chairman of the Sixth, Seventh, and 8th Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Progress, and Honorary Chairman of the Ninth and Ten Central Committee. After the July 7th incident, Zhao Puchu actively devoted himself to the anti -Japanese salvation campaign with the majority of believers. He also served as a standing member of the Shanghai Charity Group Joint Disaster Rescue Association and often went to the Renji Shantang office at the intersection of Shanghai Fourth Road and the intersection of Yunnan. On August 13, the Songhu conference broke out, and the refugees fled into the concession to avoid artillery fire. They stayed on the streets and had no food. According to the "Li Pao" that year: "There are no less than 1.3 million refugees."

After the Battle of the Songhu meeting, the Kuomintang army retreated to the west, and Shanghai became a "islands". How to deal with the problem of refugees has become a major problem that plagues Zhao Puchu. In the spring of 1938, after learning the establishment of the New Fourth Army, Zhao Puchu moved in his heart. Why not borrow "production and self -rescue, immigration to reclamation", and sent the refugees to Wenzhou to reclaim, and then sent the youth to the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui?

But at that time, it was not easy to send people out of Shanghai. One was funding, and the other was to have appropriate transportation. Zhao Puchu found Huang Hanzhi, the director of the Refugee Affairs Committee of the Kuomintang's Third Theater, who had a lot of funds in his hands. Zhao Puchu said to Huang: "At present, all a large number of refugees will be contained. Once the war expands, the island will no longer exist, and the refugees will be lost. Now I learned that there are many deserted mountains in Wenzhou and have not been trampled by the Japanese army. It takes us to pay for Shanghai refugees to reclaim the wasteland. We need to pay for traffic expenses. "Huang Hanzhi was a headache for refugees to gather in the streets of Shanghai, so he agreed.

After some operations, the first batch of more than 700 refugee youths appeared on August 16, 1938 to the British business "Swire" wheel. In order to cover, a lot of beggars and tramps were inserted on the boat to avoid the Japanese's investigation in Wusongkou. On the same day, Zhao Puchu wrote a poem "Huangpu Jiangtou": "Waving the whistle of the whistle, the versatile building far away. Hao Khan. Together with the sun, wait to see Qiankun. "Poetry has a good hope for the future.

At the end of 1938, Zhao Puchu organized the second batch of more than 300 people. In early 1939, more than 300 people were organized again. The Party Central Committee has a special electricity watch: "In the case of surrounding the Japanese invaders, a large number of refugees support the New Fourth Army from the concession. This is a feat with the support of the Patriotic people outside the party outside the party."

Zhao Puchu once said that sending the youth to the New Fourth Army is the most important thing he did in his life.

Che Xiangchen: "Northeast Gandhi"

▲ Che Xiangchen (1898-1971) is the founder of the Northeast Democratic Organization. Famous patriotic and civilian educators. Former Minister of Education of the Northeast People's Government and Deputy Governor of the People's Government of Liaoning Province; Standing Member of the Second, Third, and Fourth National Committee of the CPPCC, vice chairman of the Liaoning Provincial Political Consultative Conference; and vice chairman of the 4th and Fifth Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive and Fifth Session of the Central Committee.

On the second day of the September 18th Incident, Che Xiangchen secretly went to Peiping to jointly form the "Northeast China to rescue the Congress of the Northeast" with Gao Chongmin, Yan Baohang, Wang Huiyi, Lu Guangshi and others. At the end of 1931, Che Xiangchen was appointed by the "East Salvation" and returned to the northeast secretly. He contacted the Volunteers general Ma Zhanshan, Li Du and Tang Junwu, etc., comforted and promoted the anti -Japanese counterattack, and served as the liaison of General Yang Jingyu of the Anti -Union. The book "Experience of the Northeast Anti -Japanese Allied Forces against Japan" was compiled. After Rehe lost, Che Xiangchen also led more than 50 students from Northeast University on behalf of "East Salvation" to comfort the anti -Japanese generals at the Great Wall front line and rescue the injured.

In 1934, Che Xiangchen took over the Northeast Refugee Education Center in Peiping and organized the family members of the Northeast Yiyong Army to produce self -rescue and study in exile children in Northeast China. That summer, Che Xiangchen went to Wuhan to attend the "Northeast Salvation Association" meeting, and was ordered to be responsible for the daily work of the Xi'an Branch. In the days of exile and hardships, he saw that the Communist Party was a real rescue star who was really anti -Japanese. From the hard and heroic struggle between the Workers and Northeast of the Anti -Japanese and Northeast Anti -Japanese Allied Forces, he saw the hope of fighting back to his hometown.

▲ In October 1935, Che Xiangchen set up the Northeast Elementary School for children in exile in Xi'an at the house of Xi'an. On the bell beam, he was written by his own school motto.

In the spring of 1935, Che Xiangchen saw that there were many children in Northeast China in Xi'an that came to the streets and germinated the idea of ​​running schools. He borrowed a few old houses and broken tables and chairs with "two yuan", and set up "Northeast Stocking Primary School" (after the addition of junior high school renamed "competition schools"), he served as the principal and proposed to unite and fight against Japan to run a school. 2. Cultivate students into the correct claim of revolutionary warriors. After the establishment of the Northeast Casting Primary School, it was strongly supported by the Communist Party and the Communist Party leaders. Comrade Zhou Enlai met Che Xiangchen and gave many valuable instructions to send members of the Communist Party to assist in running schools to teach, and to secretly subsidize 300 yuan per month in Xi'an Office as a funding for school running.

Currers of the school courses are closely combined with the demand for the anti -Japanese war, and courses such as China -Japan issues, guerrilla tactics, military training, Japanese and other courses are opened.Although the school was repeatedly destroyed by the Kuomintang, it was not destroyed due to the secret support of the Communist Party.During the ten years since the founding of the Anti -Japanese War, the school has trained a large number of talents. More than a hundred progressive teachers and students crossed the blockade and went to Yan'an, a revolutionary resort. Dozens of students participated in the Eighth Route Army and killed the enemy on the front line.End

Source: According to the topic of the Democratic Progressive website, the CPPCC News, Wujiang Daily, etc.

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