Coal oil: The wind should be eye -catching

In the first half of 2022, international oil prices rose 41%. Recently, domestic refined oil prices have also entered the "9 yuan era", refreshing historical records. Under the current intense supply and demand situation and high oil prices, coal -making oil has once again aroused the industry's attention. Recently, a reporter from the China Chemical Newspaper exclusively interviewed Li Yongwang, the general manager of the well -known expert in the domestic coal -to -oil industry, the general manager of the China Science and Technology Synthetic Oil Company.

Some coal oil project areas will make a profit

Reporter: For coal -making oil, the industry has always been controversial. Many people say it is difficult to market. What do you think of this statement?

Li Yongwang: The coal -making oil is quite controversial. In my words, it is a "last resort" thing, the strategic consideration of our country, and it is done for emergency and as a strategic industry.

So far, coal -making oil is not entirely a market behavior, but we must combine national strategies and marketization. In the future, with the continuous extension of downstream products, it is very promising that coal -to -oil production will be marketized.

Reporter: Under the current oil price, what is the profitability of the domestic coal -making oil projects that has been put into production?

Li Yongwang: At present, the large -scale coal -making oil projects that have been put into production in China have been put into production in the National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry 4 million tons/year, the Itai -Hangzhou Jinqi 1.2 million tons/year, and 1 million tons/year in Shanxi Luanan Demonstration project of a million -ton coal indirect liquefaction project.

The Ningmei project device runs at full load. According to the current oil price estimation, this year's profit can exceed 5 billion yuan. The Itai Hangzhou -brocade Banner project is good, but the price of raw coal is high, which is nearly 1,000 yuan per ton. Even so, the project can earn more than 1 billion yuan this year. The Lai'an project has not yet been profitable, mainly due to the high cost of raw coal processing, coupled with the large total investment such as gasification furnaces.

These are our first phase of the project, and several factories have now opened. In this round of energy prices and geopolitical fluctuations, some projects have considerable profitability. This shows that if the coal -making project is done and the integration will be high, it will be a reliable project in the future.

At present, we still build a project in Yulin, Shaanxi. It is a liquefied natural gas demonstration project with a total scale of more than 6 million tons/year. It should be promoted this year.

The cost of reducing ton oil is the key

Reporter: How do you evaluate several coal oil projects that have been put into production?

Li Yongwang: China has done these several coal -making oil projects, which is not easy. The project has completed the large -scale requirements of coal -made oil, and also drives the large -scale and localization of supporting equipment such as coal slurry furnaces and air -scale devices.

But we just took a step, far from the point of perfect, we need to refine it. In other words, through the construction of industrialized projects, we have mastered the core technology, integration technology, and operation management experience of coal -making oil, but we have not optimized to the best state.

Reporter: How should the next coal -making oil project be improved and refined?

Li Yongwang: In the next project, we must improve the core key technologies at the technical level. One is to solve the problem of high cost. At present, the products that have been put into production are still single, so they can make money at high oil prices, and they start losing money when low oil prices.

Another is to consider the integration of upstream and downstream. To be honest, the coal -making oil projects that have been put into production are currently not comprehensive and the ability to resist risks is weak. We must solve the problem of efficiency through comprehensive coupling. In terms of products, we can of course produce gasoline, diesel, and even military special oils, which are national strategic requirements. But in the long run, there are many auxiliary materials and chemicals that can be done, and it is too wasteful to do only fuel. Therefore, we will continue to extend the next project, from one step to two steps, and do "chemical products provided by high -end industries in the future", such as degradable plastic raw materials, packaging materials for the electronic industry. These materials countries are scarce, and coal is low in cost. After integrated cooperation, the benefits will be very large. At present, the energy efficiency of the Ning coal device is about 40%. If the Yulin project is done well, the energy efficiency can be mentioned by about 50%, and the cost of tons of oil can be reduced by 5600 yuan.

If these two steps are finished, the coal oil project will reach a relatively complete point. According to preliminary estimates, the total product volume of the Yulin project can reach 78 million tons each year, fuel accounts for 45 million tons, and chemicals account for three or four million tons. After such a project, its contribution rate is equivalent to a refinery with an annual output of 10 million tons.

The next issue should not be simply "copy"

Reporter: Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi ... Is it the same in building coal -making projects in different places?

Li Yongwang: These coal -making projects located in different locations basically cover my country's coal resources rich area. Due to the different regions, different types of coal, different resources, the technical facilities of coal -making oil are different. For example, if we engage in oil and gas in Yulin, we must not only consider oil synthesis, but also need to consider synthetic methanol. So how to cooperate with methanol and oil products? How to cooperate with natural gas production? This is a question that needs to be considered.

Some people say that since the coal -making oil technology has matured, millions of tons projects have been completed, and each project is copied. In fact, this is not the case. On the one hand, the specific situation of each project is different, and on the other hand, with the advancement of technology and the accumulation of experience, the project itself will improve and improve. For example, in the context of high oil prices this year, the annual profitable of the Ningmei project can make a profit of more than 5 billion yuan, and according to the design standards of Yulin, the annual profit of the project may exceed 10 billion yuan.

Therefore, after each project is put into production, we summarize the technology and experience, prepare the technology of the next project, and do some integration and high -end, also called "combination of Ping War". This has a benefit. When you want to use oil, you can produce oil. When the demand for oil products is not so large, what product price is high, we can produce what we can produce. Difficulties are in short -term and long -term behavior

Reporter: What difficulties have you encountered in the actual coal oil project operation?

Li Yongwang: Technical difficulties have always existed, and we have been working hard. There are two main points in other aspects.

One is how to balance short -term and long -term behavior. At present, the planning of coal -made oil is at the national level, but at the enterprise and local level, sometimes it cannot be seen so far. After all, companies need to make profits. When coal prices are high, they naturally want to sell coal to make money; local GDP must also be considered. For scientific research organizations, the scientific research system that supports a complex project such as coal oil is distributed in various units. If the project construction is intermittent, the industry will stagnate, and the team will easily disperse.

Another is the accumulation of scientific research data. At present, in the field of coal -making oil, all data has not yet accumulated at the national level, and many of the database we use rely on foreign countries. Of course, in recent years, the National Engineering Laboratory of the Indirect LPG of coal has also made databases, but it still needs systematic organizations at the national level to form a standard and standard system.

Reporter: You just mentioned the National Engineering Laboratory of Coal indirect liquefaction. What are the laboratories have done in recent years?

Li Yongwang: We have introduced some domestic and foreign talents to do basic research in the field of coal -to -oil, such as catalytic problems, material structure issues, research at the basic level of atomic, and discussing how the theoretical methods are combined with measurement methods and test methods.

For example, when we do a coal -making oil project, the rapid response of on -site detection needs to be improved. The detection speed of various material composition is too slow. As a result, we launched a project to use the method of rapid response of the spectrum, combined with basic quantum mechanics, and the basic database accumulation to achieve the test within seconds, which may realize the intelligence and automation of the factory. At the same time, we also paid attention to the fine X -ray structure and developed a set of indoor X -ray instruments in the laboratory.

For another example, we pay attention to some key derivatives of the downstream of coal oil. We used to produce diesel in Ningxia, and now we can achieve oil and gas production. In the process of doing gasoline, we also found the advantages of chemical coil production and opened several routes.

In recent years, we have worked very much in technology, because we do n’t do these things, and the core technology does not go, and industrialization will not be able to do it.

Reporter: What do you think of the future of the laboratory?

Li Yongwang: Bring the scientific research team well, hoping that in the future, he will continue to make the national strategy. I am 60 years old, and now I think about keeping the technical team. I often say to the young people below: I have been guaranteed for 10 years. As long as the country's demand does not fall, you must continue to keep the team.

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