Zhang Chuang: Digital transformation methodology and practice of universities

Universities' digital strategic transformation is not a cross -key project. It is a process of continuous iteration, you have me, me, and you, and various elements are accompanied by growth.

Director of the Information Technology Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

1. The education industry is facing major changes

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has adhered to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and has made priority to develop major deployment of education, accelerating the modernization of education, and building a strong education country.

The "Suggestions on the Fourteenth Five -Year Plan of the Fourteen Five -year Five -Year Plan for the Development of the National Economic and Social Development and the 2013 Vision Settles" adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee clarified the policy orientation of the "building a high -quality education system" and Require.

The integration of education informatization will become a new momentum for education reform and development, and promotes the construction of a learning society that "everyone can learn, can learn everywhere, and always learn from time to time" will create more possibilities for everyone. The new era has put forward new challenges to the education front, and the country attaches great importance to the deepening reform of education.

In October 2020, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "General Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era". Focusing on the five main bodies of the party committee and government, school, teachers, students, and society, two aspects were designed. By the "Five Broken" and "Five Disposes", build an educational evaluation system that is in line with China's actual situation and a world level.

At present, many important tasks on the education industry and educational fronts, including breaking "five uniforms", implementing "double reduction", implementing the strategic action of education, etc., all come from the party and the country's high emphasis on education, and the modernization of education in education, as well as the modernization of education in education. The top -level design and specific requirements. The education industry is facing major changes, which is the big background of universities today to promote relevant digital transformation.

From the perspective of the development of international education concepts, in January 2020, the World Economic Forum released a report entitled "Future School: New Education Model Definition of the Fourth Industrial Revolution", which proposed the "Education 4.0 Global Framework", Rebate the high -quality development of education in the new economy.

From the report, the world has entered a new stage of re -viewing and reviewing future education. The report mentioned how to respond to the development mission of future education based on the new generation of information communication technology, and at the same time pointed out the important role of information technology in the field of education.

In fact, regardless of national macro policies or education practice itself, information technology has gradually become more and more important from the tools and means of serving the basic network, and it has more and more revolutionary influence on educational practice activities. Promoting education reform and reshaping the education system with a new generation of information technology has become an important trend of the development and change of education in the new era.

2. Focus on the digital strategic action of college education

Management informatization will play an important role

Since the epidemic in 2020, the Ministry of Education has introduced a number of programmatic documents in the overall strategy of education reform and development. It is an important criterion that colleges and universities need to grasp the top -level design of information work.

Among these management requirements, the "Notice on Strengthening the Information Management Information of New Age" issued in March 2021 is particularly valued.

In a sense, after 10 years of development, the informatization infrastructure of universities has entered a relatively stable development state. The next focus is on how to use innovative business experience and business capabilities to realize the school governance system and governance Improvement of capacity modernization.

In the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" year, highlighting management information is meaningful. Management information construction will definitely play an important role in the construction of college governance systems and governance capabilities, and become an important program for digital transformation of universities.

Education digital transformation has become a high point for development strategic system

The main points of the Ministry of Education's work in 2022 proposed that the implementation of digitalization of education. Strengthen demand traction, deepen integration, innovation empowerment, application -driven, and accelerate education digital transformation and intelligent upgrade. The main points of work indicate the direction of digital transformation for universities and become an important starting point for the informatization of colleges and universities.

In February 2022, the Ministry of Education held the first counseling report of the collective learning and education informatization of the party group theoretical learning center. Huai Jinpeng, Minister of Education, pointed out at the meeting that education informatization as a strategic system for development is used as a strategic system for development and educational informationization. Promote the high -quality development of education, and to attract educational modernization with education informatization.

A series of important meetings and documents show that it has vigorously promoted the construction of education informatization and digitalization of educational resources, and the implementation of digital strategic actions of education has become an important strategic deployment of national education reform and development. Education informatization has become an important variable in the entire education reform, which has given all of our universities informatization workers a punching agent, so that informators have more mission and responsibility.

3. The road to digital transformation of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

"Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" will build a smart campus

Based on the characteristics of the school's discipline, Bei Post proposed the overall plan of informatization work during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period. The overall goal of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" informatization construction is to use the "Chinese Education Modernization 2035" strategy to give full play to the advantages of school discipline and scientific research, improve the level To achieve the goal of smart education at all times and everywhere. Improve the service and experience of campus informatization teachers and students, and use the data -driven process to optimize to make teachers and students a significant improvement. Using big data analysis platforms to achieve data, quantifiable, and predictive decision -making work in various management and decision -making work, and promote the improvement of the modernization of the school governance system and modernization capacity. The northern post smart campus system with leading technology, innovative services, data penetration, and intelligent decision -making, give full play to the role of informationization "innovation -driven development", and supports support and guarantee for the "double first -class" construction of school information technology. Implement the main responsibility of network security and informatization construction, improve the school's network information work system, strengthen the construction of information talent teams, and build and output the northern postal model of network information security work. At the 15th Party Congress of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, the overall goal of the construction of smart campuses was further proposed: focusing on the fundamental tasks of Lide Shushu, combined with business needs, and make full use of information technology, especially intelligent technology, to achieve information conditions on informationization conditions The innovative exploration of the educational method, the systematic construction of network security, the intelligentization of information resources, the digital transformation of the campus environment, the adaptive development of user information literacy, and the digital transformation of core business.

The above aspects constitute the top -level design and basis for North Post to promote digital transformation.

Digital transformation of education in colleges and universities

In the process of practice, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications refined methodology to implement the digital strategic action of education. In summary, it is to focus on 1 core, focus on 3 issues, and implement 7 actions.

Focusing on 1 core: give full play to the value of technical and data elements, enhance education service capabilities, governance capabilities and management capabilities, and accelerate the promotion of digital transformation of education.

It can be seen that in the process of education digital strategy, technology and data elements should be taken as the core. For the first time of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Party, the Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee took data for the first time as a new production factor. The value of data element has also been important in the prevention and control of the epidemic: the resumption and control of the epidemic prevention and control, the recovery and reconstruction of the big data flow, and the recovery and reconstruction of the social operating system are completely based on data -driven. In colleges and universities, the business lines of all information technology we use today are essentially serving data. To enable data to empower business, the premise is to establish a system for production data.

Focus on 3 questions: what are the service and governance scenarios and what are you? Where does the data elements and content of service and governance come from? How to act on business and management, how to achieve closed -loop iteration and spiral increase in operating effects?

Specifically, services are facing teachers and students, while governance is aimed at the management organization process. In service and governance, the question we have to solve is: What scenarios to sort out? Where is the source of the data? How to enable data to empower business and management process? Data and business processes are not achieved overnight. Universities' digital strategic transformation is not a cross -key project. It is a process of continuous iteration, you have me, me, and you, and various elements are accompanied by growth.

Implement 7 actions: operation organizations, data governance, process governance, operating mechanism, platform tools, digital evaluation evaluation, scene planning and empowerment system.

After the three problems are defined, the above 7 actions should be implemented. Among them, operating organizations and operating mechanisms are important mechanisms to ensure that the data is continuously generated and closely coupled with the actual business process. To some extent, the digital transformation work "3 points in technology, 7 points in management". The technology is cold. Digital transformation is actually more than the management -driven work, and it is also a major challenge to the management concepts and organizational forms of existing universities.

"12345" strategy

In the process of implementing the digital strategic transformation and promoting the digital transformation of education, Beiyou proposed the "12345" strategic implementation plan.

1 center: First -class smart campus with information technology characteristics.

In the double first -class construction, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications takes information technology characteristics as a key constraint. Therefore, in the construction of smart campuses, information technology characteristics are also used as the core of all work.

Two around: not only around the construction of world -class universities, but also develop around teachers and students and high -quality development.

Building a world -class university is the overall development goal of the school. Teachers and students' services and high -quality development mean the improvement of management level, and it is an important guarantee for the construction of a double first -class university in Beijing.

Three key points: process governance, data governance, security governance.

These three aspects of governance runs through the school's digital transformation organization: process change management organization, data change decision -making method, and safely constructing the campus bottom line.

Four concepts: people -oriented, pragmatic innovation; top -level planning, coordinated co -construction; science and technology innovation and soil, Hongyan build nests; online information main body, build security.

First of all, the core requirements of "application as king and service first" are "people -oriented". At the same time, in the process of informatization construction and digital transformation, we must closely focus on the development characteristics of the school, develop rapidly, and do "pragmatic innovation". Do not let the informatization projects into a "performance project".

Second, in the process of supporting digital strategic operations, the top -level planning and co -construction are very important. After the top -level planning, the business sink, data sink, and sinking of services should be achieved, so that departments and colleges can truly become a promoter of digital strategic transformation. When constructing a process, you should also pay attention to the process of the process role. The second -level unit should be taken as the starting point. The information department cannot be replaced by the more and more, and the work concept of "responsibility fields" in each unit cannot be achieved.

Third, Hongyan is the logo logo of Beiyou. "Science and Technology and Woman, Hongyan Building Nests" is mainly reflected in the full combination of Beiyou's science and technology innovation advantages in the new generation of information and communication technology. The way to build a school's smart campus project, realize the overall improvement of campus informatization.

Fourth, "the main body of the Internet, building security" means that in the process of promoting digital transformation, it is necessary to firmly keep the security bottom line. Safety work is lost.

5 unified: unified resources, unified data, unified processes, unified services, unified portals.

Uniformly use data to achieve the integration of islands and data drawing, and then achieve a unified structure of the entire digital strategic operation.

"Three One" project

Beiyou implemented the "three one" project in information construction: one table, one -stop, and one network.

"A watch" is the basic data platform for teachers and students. It is the basic ledger of the school and the accumulation of all subject teaching activities in the school. The "one table" project includes a teacher's table and a student. A teacher's table involves many basic fill -in business, including title assessment, post appointment, tutor selection, etc. At present, 80%of the content is automatically generated by the information system, which is the data source of various teachers. The student's table currently brings about 20 million pieces of data.

"One -stop" is an online service hall. After several years of iterative development, the online service hall covers most of the school's secondary department business. The online service hall is a one -stop service platform for students and teachers. The "teacher -student running leg" was turned into "data running legs", and "running teachers and students running around" into "departmental coordinated offices" greatly improved the efficiency of collaborative work in various departments. The online service hall continuously optimizes the unified portal, integrates the PC and mobile terminals, realizes the construction of general access and microservices, and optimizes the experience of various teachers and students' service services.

"One net" is the "5G+Wireless" campus network. The campus network is free to serve teachers and students.

Four -dimensional rule

During the implementation of the data transformation, Beiyou relied on data governance to improve school governance capacity and level of governance, and adopted the "four -dimensional treatment" data governance methodology: mining, exchange numbers, governance, and numbers.

1. Pickup. Mainly solve data incomplete problems. The data that is not managed in the system still exists, and there are many situations where there are systems but not entered or not entered in time. The "mining" must follow the basic principle of "one source and one source, only the unwanted". Mainly achieve data collection through system exchange and user reporting and correction.

2. Script. Mainly solve the problem of imperfect data standards. Through "exchange numbers", the grading classification of data assets is realized, data standards are established, and data standards and data directory are submitted during the acceptance of information projects.

3. Treatment. It mainly solves the problem of continuous changes in the goals of data applications. The generation and use of data are a dynamic operation process. The existing data cannot meet the changing needs. At the beginning of each year, we must collect data reporting and filling in templates, and update the data as demand. On the basis of the mining and exchange numbers, the "cure" should be itened to achieve data on the data life cycle.

4. Use. It mainly solves the problem of not being fully used by a table data. "Use numbers" aims to achieve intelligent decision -making support. Data can be accurate in use. In the process of using data, continuously optimize and correct data, and continuously improve decision -making support capabilities through the use of data circulation.

Data and business are driving with each other

In digital transformation, "data accuracy" and "data pass" are mutually promoting relationships. Data accurate refers to the collection and update of data in time through system collection, data entry and update, and effective operation of various business systems; data pass means that through school data exchange centers, the data of each business system is interoperable.

It can be used in two sentences to indicate this relationship: all data business is business, indicating that the data must be from the business, there is no problem of in vitro circulation; all business data is that the core purpose of the business is production data.

Figure 1 Education digital transformation requires the transformation of management model and consciousness

In this way, we can truly realize the use of empowerment to enhance business, use connections to enhance business, and use data to enhance business. Business and data are the "integrated two wings" of digital transformation. The essence of the information system is to produce data elements, while data promotes digital transformation reversely. In the process, the transformation of the management model and consciousness is an important prerequisite for truly implementing digital transformation.

4. Digital transformation in the normal state of the epidemic prevention and control

Education organizations under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control have put forward new challenges for the school. Based on the methodology of four -dimensional treatment, Beiyou uses the existing smart campus informatization service platform to match the overall requirements of the epidemic prevention and control at different stages. The digital transformation of information construction was inspected.

Management mechanism

In digital transformation, operating organizations and operating mechanisms are very important. In the data organization management of the epidemic prevention and control, the school's epidemic prevention and control work leading group has a data work class, which consists of the Party and Government Office, the Personnel Office, the Studies and Industry Department, the Ministry of Research and Industry, the International Department, and the Information Technology Center. The responsibilities of the data work class are as follows: submit relevant statistics from the Ministry of Education, Beijing and liaison officers; report to the school leader to the school leadership data prevention and control data analysis report; be responsible for the statistics of the school's epidemic prevention and control data, so as to be accurate and timely and timely ,comprehensive.

Organize

In digital transformation, business and data requires double -wheel drive. Under normalization of epidemic prevention and control, "business processes" and "epidemic data" are mutually promoting relationships.

The business process refers to the timely construction of business processes in accordance with the requirements of prevention and control policies to achieve microservices such as data collection and reporting. This process is "data up".

Epidemic data is to realize the flow of data across departments through classified data organizations to support the management and decision -making during the epidemic. This process is "downside".

Figure 2 The school operation under the normalization of the epidemic prevention and control

The operation of the school under the normalization of the epidemic is essentially challenging the school's data governance and digital transformation capabilities.

Under this premise, we must work out the school's basic ledger (personnel and material) work, operation (space and card point) work, and the research and judgment of the situation (according to policy).

Platform support

Bei Post constructed a big data center platform architecture that focuses on the "four -dimensional six platforms" of "acquisition, remittance, governance, and use", and played an important role during the epidemic.

In terms of data collection, data through "epidemic prevention and control", business systems, online service halls, and filling system collection data; in terms of data gathering, data is cleaned and updated; in terms of data governance Classification and formulation data standards; in terms of data sharing, including desensitization encryption, authority management, sharing strategies and scenario empowerment.

Under the "Siwei Treatment" system, six major platforms including data sharing service platform, data analysis display platform, data governance platform, data collection platform (data warehouse), data collection platform, and data security management platform Data governance capabilities of foreign exchange, governance, and use. The six major platforms run through the cornerstone and base of the entire digital transformation, and strongly support the construction of the brain of the wisdom education.

Personnel management

In terms of the management of the epidemic prevention and control personnel, keep the door, stuck the point, grab the line, and control the face.

1. Keep the door. Data dynamic management of teachers and students from the school and outside the school to enter the school: through the approval management process of the online service hall, automatically issue the approval results data, and accurately link with the face recognition equipment arranged at the school's gate and various buildings to achieve daily accuracy Dynamic management, trajectory positioning, body temperature warning, etc. of the school.

2. Stuck point. Through grid management and card system deployment sites, accurate traceability, the location and time of the people in and out of each building, the campus trajectory can be tracked all.

3. Grab the line. Through the "epidemic prevention and control" system, data collection and reporting across time and space scenarios are extended to the dimension of data collection. It can dynamically detect the daily check -in of teachers and students of the whole school, including time, check -in location, physical health, contact personnel. Waiting for the important information of the epidemic.

4. Hold the face. When the epidemic is triggered, quickly respond to the system to achieve accurate two -way interaction of information. Streaming and big data investigation emphasize systemicity and comprehensiveness. For specific people, sending precision notification notices and reminding the news as soon as possible, and the first time the faculty and staff residential investigation, special population investigation, vaccination information investigation, real -time reporting of the person in the school, post -research information after the student epidemic is closed, etc. Realize the collection and management of personnel and materials.

Epidemic prevention and control work

In the campus epidemic prevention and control, make full use of big data application analysis. Based on daily health monitoring data, based on the division of risk areas and analysis and judgment of key groups, in real time, grasp the epidemic distribution in the area where the school teachers and students are located. According to the daily entry and exit management management, accurate statistics are carried out according to the category of staff in the college, inside and outside the school.

Data -driven epidemic prevention and control work method is divided into 4 links:

1. Read policy documents. The policies for the prevention and control of the epidemic are the general outline of management. Together with the epidemic prevention and control working group, analyze the requirements of the epidemic prevention and control policy, and implement the design -related management process.

2. Configure the workflow. Provide business authority, roles and workflows with departments such as academic, research workers, and personnel.

3. Informatization function implementation. Implement function according to the business process.

4. Carry out training. Starting business training to the deputy secretary of the college, counselor, and college office, the last mile data collection and policy implementation will be achieved.

Case practice

Two work cases are well reflected in the digital transformation work of Beiyou under the normalization of the epidemic prevention and control.

One is to return to school at the beginning of school. After the Beijing Education System Extraction Prevention and Control Working Group released the work plan for returning to school, Beiyou made a feedback as soon as possible to first understand the policy of returning to school; The process of returning to the school; then configure the corresponding process through the online service hall, so that teachers and students can respond quickly and apply quickly; at the same time, set different return codes for different situations for differentiated control. Each link is automated through the online service lobby.

The other is the epidemic supervision and inspection.During the May 1st of this year, Beijing issued the "May 1" holiday supervision and inspection points to colleges and universities.In accordance with the Beijing inspection list, we used the existing platform to check the implementation one by one, and at the same time verified these checkpoints by viewing, and received a strong affirmation of Beijing.*This article is based on the report of Zhang Chuang, director of the Information Technology Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Editor -in -chief: Xiang Yang

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