[Life Class] Summer Safety Production Protection Guide -Top Ten explosion measures for hazardous chemicals

After the summer solstice, the temperature will continue to rise, and the unstable factors affecting production safety will increase. Extremely extreme weather such as high temperature, lightning, and heavy rain occurred at this time, and summer has also become a high incidence of various safety accidents in summer. This requires us to always tighten the string of safety in daily production and life, and take various targeted protection measures to truly prevent problems before they occur.

Top ten explosion -proof measures for hazardous chemicals

In the summer, dry things are dry, coupled with the toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive characteristics of hazardous chemicals.

1. Basic measures

1. Control combustible material

Storing warehouses with flammable and explosive dangerous substances should be used to prevent the flame from spreading.

The concentration of reducing the concentration of combustible gas, steam and dust in the warehouse cannot exceed the maximum allowable concentration.

All items that can interact in nature are stored separately.

2. isolate air

Isolation of air storage of some chemical flammable materials, such as sodium in kerosene, phosphorus in dry water, and storage of carbon sulfide water.

3. Clear the source of the fire

To clear the source of fire, take the source of isolation, temperature control, grounding, lightning, installation of explosion -proof lights, blocking the sun, etc., to prevent combustible materials from encountering light fire or increased temperature and fire.

Second, bright fire control

1. Control the source of fire at the maintenance or construction site, including bright fire, impact friction, natural heat, electric spark, static spark, etc.

2. It is forbidden to use bright fires in the reservoir area with fire and explosion danger.

3. Due to special circumstances, it is necessary to perform bright fire operations such as electricity and gas welding.

4. Clear flammable and flammable substances in the fire area; allocate fire equipment. Fire construction staff must hold a certificate.

Third, friction and impact control

1. In the operation of the auxiliary facilities and pumps, maintain a good lubrication to clear the flammable dirt in time.

2. When moving the metal container with flammable gas and flammable liquids, prevent each other from hitting each other, and cannot be thrown, so as not to cause sparks or container burst and cause fire and explosion accidents.

3. During loading and unloading and handling, lightly unload, anti -vibration, impact friction, heavy pressure and dumping.

Fourth, natural heat control

Oil rags, oil cotton yarn, etc. are easy to cause fires. They should be installed in metal containers, placed a safe area and cleaned in time.

5. Electric spark control

The main use of low -voltage electrical equipment in the reservoir area often generates a short time arc discharge and weak sparks in the contact. The flammable gas, flammable liquid vapor, and explosive dust of the ignition energy constitute the danger. Select explosion -proof types.

6. Static and spark control

In places with gasoline, benzene, hydrogen, etc., special electrostatic hazards should be paid to electrical electricity. The entry and exit should take anti -static work clothes. The flow rate should be controlled when transporting the pipeline. For testing alarms, the entire system should inhibit electrostatic production or rapid export of static electricity.

Seven, other fire source control

1. Avoid direct sunlight and configure corresponding cooling measures.

2. The indoor warehouse avoids high -power lighting for a long time and uses cold light sources.

3. Fireworks are strictly prohibited in the reservoir area.

4. It is forbidden to use the handling tool that may produce sparks.

5. It is strictly forbidden to use non -explosive mobile phones.

8. Prevent the expansion of flames and explosion waves

The role of the fire blocking device is to prevent flames from entering the equipment, containers and pipelines, or prevent flames from expanding in the equipment and pipelines. Common fire blocking equipment include safe water seal, fireproofer and one -way valve.

The transportation vehicles entering the flammable and explosive library area should be inspected for "three certificates", and a fire cover and a small fire prevention equipment are installed.

For storage facilities with pressure, the pressure leakage device is an important safety device for fire prevention and explosion, including safety valves and blasting tablets and empty tube.

Nine, other precautions

When storing unstable olefin and diexyne, there should be measures to prevent self -concentration, because the self -concentration process will heat up, increasing the risk of fire and explosion.

The indicator device can be used, such as: pressure gauge (liquefied gas storage, etc.), thermometer, liquid level meter, and high alarm (combustible liquid storage tank), etc., regular inspections or calibration and verification.

In addition, the tank area should also be equipped with lightning protection and anti -static devices, which are detected once a year.

10. Emergency equipment

Install the flames of gas monitoring system, fire alarm device, and fire extinguishing spraying device in key parts that are prone to fire and explosion (because liquid chemicals are mostly lighter than water, and fire extinguishing the fire will cause the fire to expand), regular maintenance or testing, calibration, and calibration. The rescue equipment equipped should have explosion -proof function.

Emergency plans are formulated for different storage substances and storage conditions.

Preservation and treatment of hazardous items

1. First of all, try to improve the process as much as possible to replace the dangerous substance with a low -dangerous material explosion.

2. For oils with spontaneous combustion ability itself, substances that can spontaneously ignite in air, and substances that can burn the explosion in the case of water should be used to isolate air, waterproof, moisture -proof or ventilation, heat dissipation, cooling, etc. Essence

3. Mutual contact can cause two types of substances that can cause explosions to be mixed and stored. In the case of acid and alkali, the substances that may break down the explosion should prevent contact with acid and alkali.

4. Based on the boiling point and saturated steam pressure of the material, determine the appropriate container resistance pressure resistance, storage temperature and insulation and cooling measures.

5. For unstable substances, stabilizers should be added during storage. For example, a long-term storage of hydrogen cyanide containing water will cause polymerization, and polymerization heat will cause steam pressure to cause explosion. Therefore, the concentration of sulfuric acid with a concentration of 0.01 % -0.05 % is usually used as stable agent. Polycine is prone to agglomeration during storage, and for this reason, a stabilizer must be added with phenylphenol. Some liquids such as ether can generate peroxide when they are sunny, and must be stored in a metal barrel or dark glass bottle. 6. The liquid is liquid, so it is necessary to consider the problem of liquid flow after the container rupture.

How to escape and rescue themselves in chemical plants?

1. If the chemical plant explodes and it is closer to himself, if it is not a professionals, choose to escape the first time. When you run, you need to bend over. If you have a wet towel or clothes to cover your mouth and nose, don't take the elevator.

2. How far is it, how far to run, do not watch, the general chemical factory explosion will have poisonous gas, and it is very likely that the second explosion will occur.

3. Escape from the direction of the upward wind during escape, try to avoid the under the building as much as possible when the evacuation, preventing the explosion shock waves from collapsed and falling.

4. Don't panic when you are trapped in the ruins. Believe in miracles. Don't shout loudly at first, and don't move your body at will and save your strength. Waiting for the opportunity to seek rescue by tapping metal pipes or walls.

Reminder: When the clothes are on fire, quickly take off the burning clothes. If it is too late or to take off, in winter, if the coat is on fire, you can roll on the ground to extinguish the fire. If it is a summer clothes, you must not roll over the whole. At this time, the burn area will only be expanded during the rolling process. If you fire on the front side, you will lie forward, and the back of the fire will lean back or lean on the wall to isolate oxygen.

If your body has been burned and keeps calm, you need to lie down or sit down and rest when you are traumatized to raise the wound area and higher than the heart. This can reduce blood outflow and call 120 first aid.

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