Selected criticism and controversy of the "Ming Dynasty First" attributed to Guangjiewen

In the current narrative of literary literary history, Guangduo is regarded as a representative figure of prose in the Ming Dynasty. However, when he was alive, his reputation was not very highlighted. Later, Qian Qianyi pushed the light and praised his prose as "the first person of 300 years" (Guizhuang "Wu Mei Village Sixty Life Preface"). Achievements are getting more and more recognized. However, the topic of "Mingwen First" has also triggered a lot of controversy and discussion. The selection of students in the Qing Dynasty intentionally or unintentionally participated in this argument through the preface, text selection, evaluation and other methods.

When many candidates in the Qing Dynasty were compiled and selected in the Ming Dynasty, they often put them at an important position, but they were symmetrical as "Mingwen First". Huang Zongxi edited the selection of "Ming Wen Copy", "Mingyin Sea" and "Reading of Mingwen". Its "Mingwen Case (Part 1)", "Underworld Preface (Part 2)", which has made a comprehensive and evolution of the development of prose in the Ming Dynasty. Discuss. In his opinion, the authentic articles of the Ming Dynasty include at least Song Yan, Fang Xiaoyu, Yang Shiqi, Li Dongyang, Wang Yangming, Guiguang, Tang Shunzhi, Wang Shenzhong, Zhao Zhenji, Zhao Shichun, Ai Nanying and others. Huang Zongxi did not agree with the statement of "Mingwen First" attributable to Guangjiewen, and believed that if the "narrative cooperation" in his prose was removed, the prose of light was not even as good as Song Yan. Of course, Huang Zongxi also affirmed the achievements of the light prose. His "Reading of Mingwen" was selected and included in 11 Guangwen, which ranked Fang Xiaoyu, Qian Qianyi, Song Yan, Tang Shunzhi, and Wang Shenzhong. six. Huang Zongxi also did not recognize the saying that he could be attributed to "Mingwen First" in "Zheng Yumei's Draft Preface". "The God of History" was very well done. At that time, the literary world was unique and had a great influence at that time, especially those prose of women who wrote women were deeply affectionate, singing and crying, and they could stay between heaven and earth.

Zhang Ruhu's selection includes "Ming Five", "The Eight of the Ming Dynasty", and "The Eleven Family Collection of the Ming Dynasty". These three options were selected and recorded articles from five people, including Guangguang, Fang Xiaoyu, Tang Shunzhi, and Wang Shenzhong. Cui Zhenglin chose "The Four of the Ming Dynasty" (three existing) (three existing), which is classified as Light, Fang Xiaoyu, and Tang Shunzhi. Sun Ying chose "Shanxiaoge Select Essay Sequel", which respects the two of the two, Qian Qianyi, and 34 pieces of Guangwen. Candidates account for half of the book. Sun Yan believes that the articles belonging to the light "Over time, allow the author", and play a role in turning the tide in the Ming Dynasty Longqing and Wanli years against the dangerous and ambitious style of the retro faction.

There are one of the "eight people" in multiple prose selection compiled by Qing people. Liu Zhaoyu chose "The Ancient Text of the Yuan and Ming Eight Everyone", and listed the Yu Ji and Jie Si of the Yuan Dynasty. There are as many as five writers who are attributed to the light. Liu Zhaoyu believes that these people's articles have their own characteristics and are difficult to divide. Li Zutao chose "Selection of Jin Yuanming Eight Everyone", and asked the Yuan Dynasty Yuan to ask, Yao Yan, Wu Cheng, Yu Ji of the Yuan Dynasty, Song Yan, Wang Yangming, Tang Shunzhi, and Eight Rights of the Ming Dynasty were listed as "Jin Yuanming Eight Persons". There are three Ming Dynasty writers. When prefaced the book for the book, the articles of these people "the elites of all generations are not more than the Tang and Song dynasties, and they are not in the Tang and Song dynasties." Since modern times, in the "Ming and Qing Eight Everyone's Stocks" compiled by Wang Wenyu, "Ming and Qing Eight Family Banknote" compiled by Xu Shichang, and "The Eight Elected Books of the Ming and Qing Dynasties" compiled by Qian Zhonglian, all the light was selected as "Ming "

Gu Youxiao chose 119 writers, with 301 articles, less than 3 articles for selection, 9 articles in the selection. , Fang Xiaoyu (11 articles) and waiting for people.潘耒在《明文英华序》中提出，就作者及文章风格而言，可称为明文“英华”的主要有宋濂、方孝孺、吴宽、王阳明、唐顺之、归有光、钱谦益、 Huang Chunyao and others. Xue Xi chose "Mingwen". He believes that the most important prose in the Ming Dynasty was Song Yan, and the article "Den" includes Fang Xiaoyu, Su Boheng, Yang Shiqi, Wang Yangming, Tang Shunzhi, and Guoguang. Xu Wenju and Luo Jingzhang chose "Ming Yinyuan", which will be classified as the main representative of the Ming Dynasty prose of the Ming Dynasty, Song Yan, Fang Xiaoyu, Tang Shunzhi, Wang Yangming and others. It can be seen that among the many selected books, there is indeed a high evaluation of light prose. As the "Sku Quanshu General" said, "The ancients of the ancients are finally returned to the light and Wang Shenzhong." Essence These options will basically be compared with the middle and middle people of Song Yan, Fang Xiaoyu, Tang Shunzhi, and Wang Shen, but many of them are not as good as the evaluation of the lights and the selection of their articles. Wait. The statement of the "first" of Gui Shi prose has not been widely recognized by the selected home.

In the selection of articles edited by Tongcheng School, the articles attributed to the light are regarded as "the first of theings." Fang Bao was ordered to compile "Qin Ding Four Books". Among them, there were 6 volumes of "Qin Dingjia Four Books", 112 selected articles, and the most selected essays were the most, up to 34 articles. Fang Bao believes that Shiwen, who is attributed to light, "can be based on the qi of Korean and European, Dacheng, and Zhu's theory, and the semantics of the year." According to the preface of Xiao Mu's "Mr. Liu Haifeng's Eight Essays of the Tang and Song Dynasties" at the end of the Qing Dynasty, Liu Dazhen chose "Eight Essays for the Tang and Song Dynasties". Although it was called "Eight Family Selection", in fact, he selected eleven articles and eight. There are 6 articles attached to Hanmen, 2 articles attached to Sumen, and 33 articles belonging to the light of one person in the Ming Dynasty. Liu Dazhen also issued a praise of "Wang in the Xiangwen Preface" "It was in the Ming Dynasty, but returned to the Xifu", which shows that it attaches great importance to the articles of returning to Guangguang. Yao Yan clearly established the Tongcheng School of Tongcheng School in the "Ancient Cultivation Class", and regarded Youyouguang as a bridge connecting the eight people of the Tang and Song dynasties and the Tongcheng School. There are 32 articles selected and made a high evaluation of the articles belonging to the light. For example, when evaluating "Women Lan Lanzhi", "These small texts are not dependent, and they are excellent ancient", called "Xiang Li Xuan Ji" as "the best text of this privilege", and praise "Fear Base Pavilion" "No shirt is not fulfilled, the charm is extremely high." Because of the huge influence of the ancient text compilation, the status of the ancient texts built in the Tongcheng School was widely recognized. "Ancient Ci Ci Lue" compiled by Mei Zengliang, "Hundred Miscellaneous Banknote" compiled by Zeng Guofan, and "Tongcheng Wu Family Reading" compiled by Wu Runlun followed Yao Yan's approach. arts. Therefore, when Wang Wen resulted in Zeng Guofan's "Book" Book of Zhenchuan Culture "", he directly proposed that "the Tongcheng School came from Zhenchuan." It should be pointed out that the selection of the Tongcheng faction is not a blind praise to the articles, and sometimes it also clicks its deficiencies. For example, Fang Bao believes that some people have evaluated the height of "Historical Records" and "Hanshu", which is "too much"; Yao Yao proposed the disadvantages of "the first trivial language and the tailoring of the first tail". Of course, these criticisms do not mean that they do not agree with the status of "first" of Guiwen, but indicate that they have a clear understanding of their advantages and shortcomings.

In the selection of the selection, Huang Zongxi, Liu Zhaoyu, Li Zuotao, Fang Bao, Yao Yan and other Qing Dynasty selected students evaluated most of the selected articles. Articles, the review content involves many levels of grammar, justice, emotion and other aspects of prose creation. The evaluation made from different perspectives, while establishing the classic status of Guangjiewen, also greatly enriched the connotation of prose theory in the Qing Dynasty, and promoted the development of prose creation in the Qing Dynasty. The introduction of criticism of this criticism is also inspiring to the unique achievements and historical status of our understanding of Guangsanwen.

(This article is the State Social Science Foundation Western Project "The Research on the Criticism of this Literature in the Ming Dynasty" (20xzw006) phased results)

(Author unit: School of Literature, Gannan Normal University)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Wu Navy

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