Shanghai and Shenzhen will open a "personal carbon account", carbon reduction is no longer the planting tree in the app | focus analysis

With the opening of the "personal carbon account" in various places, personal carbon reduction will move towards asset attributes. Residents can convert carbon reduction into points, and then exchange gift cards and travel cards.

Text ｜ Deng Yongyi

Edit ｜ Su Jianxun

Source ｜ 36 carbon (ID: carbon_36kr)

Cover Source ｜ Vision China

In Alipay or Map APP, the "green energy" that you ride a bicycle/take the subway every day will may become a genuine property and currency in the future -when you have a "personal carbon account".

From July 1st, Shanghai's first green financial regulations were officially implemented. During the regulations, Shanghai will establish a regional personal carbon account to encourage carbon -to -benefit displacement to enter the Shanghai carbon trading market.

"Carbon" is a kind of carbon reduction rights. Simply put, it comes from individual emission reduction. The market will inspire carbon reduction behaviors such as less car and use less energy -saving energy.

Not just Shanghai, today's "personal carbon account" is blooming across the country.

In June, the Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau and the Shenzhen Exchanges Exchange jointly launched a small program called "Carbon". In the future, when the citizens pay the electricity fee every month, they can reduce the carbon at home to reduce the amount of carbon in exchange for points.

More importantly, this one is expected to be connected to the Shenzhen carbon trading market for high -energy social groups or enterprises to purchase by the "Carbon Puhui" applet. Residents can freely exchange gift cards and subway card cards and other rights. Essence This means that personal reduction is moving towards asset attributes.

"Carbon Puhui" application interface Source: Shenzhen power supply

The domestic double -carbon strategy has been promulgated for more than a year. It is also the first time that carbon reduction is also grasping high energy -consuming enterprises such as electricity and oil. It has not clearly demanded personal emission reduction. In the national carbon market launched in July 2021, carbon transactions that were first allowed to be discharged were also allowed to make carbon transactions without allowing the public to buy and sell individuals to reduce displacement.

However, the enthusiasm of "personal carbon accounts" in various places has begun to explore the new trading category. Many provinces and cities have issued policy documents to encourage innovative and financial forms such as "carbon and benefits". However, there is still a long way to make personal carbon accounts really make money.

From public welfare to trading, it is no longer a game

The concept of "personal carbon account" appeared as environmental protection public welfare activities very early, and the sponsors were usually public welfare organizations and large enterprises.

In 2010, the UN Climate Conference set off a wave of environmental protection. Many environmental protection websites launched the "Carbon Emissions Calculator". Users enter the data of daily clothing, food, housing and transportation, and probably calculate their own carbon footprints. However, these activities can only attract users by environmental protection concepts. Without motivation, it is difficult to allow users to continue to use.

This concept is unable to turn around the ant forest -through payment behaviors such as travel, green consumption every day, users can obtain green energy, used to plant trees or participate in some public welfare activities. Users can also see the reduction in their own account. Carbon amount.

Ant Forest Source: Visual China

However, the name of the "personal carbon account" seems to have financial attributes and has caused controversy. In 2021, the Ant Forest specifically clarified that it was a public welfare game. "Green Energy" was a virtual point designed based on low -carbon behavior and could not participate in carbon transactions.

The "personal emission reduction" from public welfare to transactions is largely affected by the launch of the carbon market last year.

China's "double carbon" strategy refers to carbon neutrality in 2060 in 2030. Compared with Europe and the United States, it has been carbon peak 50-60 years, and our time is very tense. At present, coal in domestic energy structure still occupies a big head, and it is impossible to reverse the energy structure. The carbon market is an important market mechanism, carrying the hope of accelerating the carbon reduction process.

In this context, the carbon market was launched soon. Volkswagen noticed that "carbon" as the transaction value of assets was because the market began to have endless "selling carbon sales to get rich". For example, in 2020, Tesla revenue to $ 1.58 billion by selling carbon selling points.

As a virtual asset, it is necessary to reduce the displacement of individuals into trading assets. The core is to pass the carbon market certification.

The carbon trading exchanges have been established in nine regions such as Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. There are two types of objects traded in the market. The first is carbon emissions quotas. This part is only available in high -energy -consuming enterprises incorporated into the discharge system. The government is assigned to the enterprise; the other is to verify the voluntary reduction of displacement (CCER). Any enterprise can participate voluntarily. As long as there are projects that meet the prescribed, such as photovoltaic and forestry carbon exchange, enterprises can make the carbon reduction generated in the project into CCER through certification, and then participate in the transaction.

The emission reduction in the "personal carbon account" today can only be expected to participate in the transaction through CCER in the future. However, since the CCER mechanism has been suspended in 2017, it has not been resumed, and the restart time is not sure.

Therefore, the carbon and benefits from all over the country are starting the pilot in the region. Each city has its own carbon points mechanism, like a bubble, and individual reduction of displacement only flows in bubbles.

Carbon reduction in enterprises is largely from policy supervision pressure. In the future, it is necessary to dispatch the carbon reduction power of individuals in the future.

The earliest thing to do in carbon and benefit was Guangdong. As early as 2019, Guangdong launched the first city carbon platform, and now more than 20 living scenarios have been certified. The carbon points obtained by citizens can be used to redeem gifts. The green financial regulations to be implemented by Shanghai on July 1, mentioned that carbon enterprises or individuals can obtain more preferential financial products or services. It's far from making money, but we must seize the opportunity

Although the exploration of personal carbon accounts has just begun, it is far from the real "selling carbon to make money". But the strategic significance of this incident is more important, and the enthusiasm of various places is not groundless.

In the domestic emission reduction plan, individual emission reduction is definitely not the first. According to BCG calculations, carbon emissions of domestic energy and industry account for 80%of all carbon emissions. In my country, these two major industries are classified in production end emissions. Carbon reduction also starts here -that is, these companies bear hard carbon reduction indicators.

But this is essentially a problem of supply and demand, making the production end carbon reduction is not realistic. As the per capita income level increases, carbon emissions generated by consumption will continue to increase. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, carbon emissions generated by domestic residents accounted for 53%of the total, and the proportion of developed countries is often 60%-70%.

Terminal consumers change the consumption method, and the upstream production side naturally produces less, and the carbon reduction can continue. After the carbon reduction indicators of various local governments also need to force the production end to reduce carbon reduction in this way. In this dimension, it is necessary to encourage the establishment of a personal carbon account.

In terms of doing personal carbon accounts, China will have more advantages than foreign countries, and it is not difficult to understand why it is so motivated in various places.

The maturity of the Internet format is an important reason -games like ant forests, so that users can accept using Internet products to count their emission reduction. But abroad, there are almost no platform companies doing similar things. Due to more stringent privacy requirements, it is difficult for them to make such attempts in the future.

Once a personal carbon account can make money from the exchange of rights to selling carbon, it will undoubtedly give birth to a huge market. Before the national unified personal carbon account policy, the localities have been conducting pilots, and they are also seizing the right to speak in the future market.

Innovative practice has appeared. In the past, an enterprise could apply for the authentication CCER for the reduction of the emission reduction (voluntarily reduced displacement), and then traded in the carbon market as an asset to sell it to the need for enterprises in need. But now, some places have tried to reduce individual displacement into assets.

A carbon emission expert said to 36 carbon: "Local innovation is far from the speed of policy formulation. Based on CCER, Guangdong has launched a 'phcer' (provincial carbon -to -Puchai certification and emission reduction). It is a very Chinese product. "

Personal carbon accounts will be a tool for strengthening user stickiness as an enterprise. Enterprises are also willing to invest. If they can really access the carbon market in the future, enterprises are equivalent to one more new business. Tencent launched the "Low Carbon Planet" at the end of last year. Users can get energy to build their own planets through travel reduction of carbon reduction. Beginning this year, many financial institutions including CITIC Bank and Ping An Bank have also launched personal carbon accounts, and consumer bank accounts will have a linkage with equity.

CITIC Bank "Personal Carbon Account" Source: CITIC Bank

However, personal carbon accounts in various places seem to be prosperous, but the attempts are still relatively tender now, and there are many problems facing them in the future.

The benchmark line setting is a big challenge -that is, the basis for each scenario to compare according to what the benchmarks in order to reducing the displacement.

An expert involved in the formulation of the reference lines in various places told 36 carbon that the recently launched residents' electrical method of residents still need to be improved. The benchmark line set by the methodology is the daily average emissions of each person. "Then you can get a maximum emission reduction without electricity, but this does not conform to the traffic in the carbon market." She said.

The source of carbon emissions is extremely large. For example, consumption involves merchants and logistics. The carbon footprint is very long, and precise measurement is almost impossible. At present, the number of scenes is generally simplified, such as only relatively standardized scenarios such as travel and electricity consumption.

The market is also waiting for carbon prices to rise. It is difficult for a person to reduce one ton of carbon each year, but now the average carbon price of the national carbon market in 2022 is 49 yuan per ton, which is very different from the EU's 100 euros of carbon prices. If carbon prices can rise to a certain degree, personal reduction will receive more attention.

In the end, in order to open up the "carbon island" into a national unified market, in addition to the benchmark line, it is also necessary to consider the problems of personal privacy, mutual recognition of standards in various regions, and high supervision costs. The process is long.

Behind the small personal carbon account, the participants have their own minds, but everyone is walking in the same direction: for the government, they want to complete the carbon reduction target of the upcoming place and mobilize the public carbon reduction. Drive the production end of carbon reduction; for enterprises, the opportunity must occupy the first -this is an important entrance to establish a good social impression, or even become an important entrance to the future business; for individuals, this is the most intuitive perception of the carbon market. Making money and changing lifestyle also have more motivation.

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Shanghai and Shenzhen will open a personal carbon account

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