How to comprehensively understand the "one country, two systems" in Hong Kong for 25 years?

The second 25 years of Hong Kong's "one country, two systems" will not only be prosperous and stable in the general sense, but to make new explorations and in the great revival process of the world's centuries -old change and China to enter the second century -old rejuvenation process. develop.

Source: China News Agency

Author: Huangping Director of the Taiwan -Hong Kong -Macao Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vice chairman of the National Hong Kong and Macao Research Association

Number of full text: 3054

Estimated reading time: 10 minutes

Hong Kong has returned to this day for 25 years. During this time, the world has changed dramatically. At this time, our understanding and understanding of "one country, two systems" should be updated and improved, and we greet the new stage of "one country, two systems" with a wider idea.

Understanding China and understanding the world can we understand Hong Kong more accurately.

First of all, understanding Hong Kong should first understand China's changes.

It has been 25 years in China ’s restoration of sovereignty in Hong Kong. If you have left the 40 years of reform and opening up in China, 70 years of the founding of New China, and 100 years of the founding of the Communist Party of China, aside from the profound social changes, institutional changes, and comprehensive progress in China, you cannot fully understand and accurately understand Hong Kong's present and future. Essence When you know Hong Kong today and look forward to its future, you must return to the development, change and progress of the country itself.

On June 22, 2022, Hong Kong citizens filmed the "Huayue Man City" to return to the flower art decoration in Jinzhong Tima Park. Photo by Li Zhihua, a reporter from China News Agency

Secondly, understanding Hong Kong should also understand the changes in the world.

Not only is Hong Kong a highly international city, but today's mainland China is also highly integrated into the world. How to understand that China and the world have not changed in a hundred years is a very important issue. If you leave the changing world, you cannot accurately understand Hong Kong's positioning, functions, values ​​and characteristics. Today, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered the second hundred years. The world has experienced a large change in a century. Hong Kong, as a bridge and channel, is also in these two hundred years of intersection. Understanding these changes can accurately and deeply understand Hong Kong.

Hong Kong's internationalization is still incomparable to mainland cities. In addition, Hong Kong is also an important channel for China to continue and increase opening up. As long as China continues to open to the outside world, the uniqueness of Hong Kong has always existed.

Hong Kong Central, a financial institution. Photo by Zhang Wei, a reporter from China News Agency

Finally, understanding that Hong Kong must also understand its space -time background. If you do not start with the social structure, cultural characteristics, rapid changes and deep contradictions of Hong Kong itself, and not to clarify the causes and consequences of these problems, and the ins and outs of these problems, you cannot understand Hong Kong and govern Hong Kong.

Therefore, Hong Kong's prosperity, stability, and good governance should be achieved from multi -dimensional and multi -level. First of all, Hong Kong should be understood at multiple angles. From the perspective of national level, Hong Kong is a special administrative district under the "one country". Planning and governance should start from the overall national situation and focus on the country. At the social level, Hong Kong is a modern international metropolis that needs to be governed in accordance with modern urban management methods. At the economic level, Hong Kong itself is a large market connecting China and foreign countries, and related plans should also fully reflect their characteristics. At the cultural level, Hong Kong is a intersection area of ​​Chinese and Western culture, Chinese and foreign culture (including surrounding, ASEAN, and other developing countries and regions). Cultural diversity is its characteristic. At the political and legal level, Hong Kong is the "another system" in the "two systems" below the "one country". Therefore, in addition to ensuring the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, maintaining its economic competitiveness, the role of international platforms and bridges, cultural uniqueness, and political and legal innovation of "one country, two systems" are all important. Hong Kong is a book that must be carefully read in a longer and wider space.

In addition, there are several points about the "one country, two systems", and the points should be carefully understood.

First of all, we should comprehensively understand and accurately implement the "one country, two systems".

"One country" is a big premise. The 12 words of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people governs Hong Kong", and highly autonomous autonomy are not parallel relationships, but are progressing according to levels. "One country, two systems", "one country" is above, and "two systems" are down. From the date of return, Hong Kong has been fully resumed by China to exercise sovereignty and governance. From then on, Hong Kong should be governed on the premise of the "one country" instead of all affairs involved in national defense diplomacy in Hong Kong. , It's just the "Hong Kong system". In fact, in Hong Kong, any core interests involved in national sovereignty, security, development, and the principles of the country, the principles of the Constitution, the Basic Law and the state dignity of the country are in the category of the "one country", including the central government's to Hong Kong to Hong Kong. The right to govern the governance is not based on the Shenzhen River.

"Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong" is an important prerequisite for the "one country, two systems" to take the "one country, two systems" (that is, the Chinese government must restore the exercise of sovereignty in Hong Kong and the principle of one country). Local affairs are governed by Hong Kong people themselves. This statement first refers to Hong Kong no longer the "British people govern Hong Kong", which prevents some people in the UK from trying to engage in "sovereign power". Mr. Deng Xiaoping once said: "We believe that Hong Kong people can control Hong Kong and cannot continue to rule foreigners, otherwise Hong Kong people will never agree." In addition to the premise of "one country", Xiaoping also clearly states that "Hong Kong people have a boundary and standards, that is, Hong Kong people with patriots must be governed by Hong Kong people." In other words, even if the "Hong Kong system" capitalism under the "two systems" remains unchanged, the people participating in the governance must be Chinese people who love to Hong Kong. This is a matter of principle. The public welfare advertisement suspended from the entrance and exit of the Hong Kong underwater tunnel: adhere to the "one country, two systems" and then create Hong Kong prosperity. Photo by Zhang Wei, a reporter from China News Agency

High degree of autonomy is after the "one country, two systems" and "Hong Kong people govern Hong Kong". "High -level autonomy" is not a complete autonomy, which is also a matter of principle. Xiaoping once said that the lack of "complete autonomy" can not be limited, and the autonomy cannot be limited. Several major challenges have experienced in Hong Kong since the return, especially the biggest challenges to national sovereignty and "one country, two systems" have been challenged in 2019 Important moments and major issues cannot be intervened. "It is necessary to worry about intervention in general, and some intervention is necessary. It depends on these interventions that are conducive to the interests of Hong Kong people, the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, or harm the interests of Hong Kong people, and damage the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong."

Secondly, "Fifty Years Unchanged" means that under the premise of a China, the main body of the country adheres to the socialist system. Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan have maintained the original capitalist system for a long time, instead of unchanged nothing, not everything, not changing everything, not changing everything. Essence

The "unchanged" here is not development, no progress, and no progress with the times. The continued implementation of capitalist production and lifestyle under the principle of "one country" does not mean that the gap between the rich and the poor is increasingly increasing, and it is not the default old and even family -like and official collusion governance. Even the old -fashioned capitalist countries, such as many people in Hong Kong, are accustomed to the British benchmarking. After 1945, they also spent a lot of energy and financial resources to engage in benefits and guarantees through various social policies. Essence Even compared with East Asian economies, Hong Kong cannot stop, especially in the field of social distribution and social welfare, Hong Kong needs many improvements. After 25 years of "one country, two systems" great practice, people should be more clearly realized that Hong Kong must keep pace with the times, in some aspects to maintain, some aspects must be caught up.

At the same time, Hong Kong also has the same common attributes as other administrative regions of the country. The "Special Administrative Region" does not mean that everything can be exceptions. The so -called "SAR" is to acknowledge and exert its particularity, including its potential and unique advantages, as well as the laws, rights, specific systems of the "Hong Kong system" under the premise of "one country", etc. constant. However, there are also some systems to be revised and improved with development. For example, the establishment, promulgation and implementation of the Hong Kong National Security Law, the establishment of relevant agencies, and the specific implementation of the principle of governing the Hong Kong in the election in the election field. In practice, there is no practice of the "one country, two systems" in the 25 years, including the problems and challenges encountered in it. The "one country, two systems" will not develop, nor will it achieve today's achievements.

On June 27, 2022, as the 25th anniversary of the return of Hong Kong's return to the motherland approached, the reunification atmosphere in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong was strong. The picture shows the national flags and district flags on the Baili Shopping Avenue of Tsim Sha Tsui. Photo by Li Zhihua, a reporter from China News Agency

It can be said that the great practice of China's "one country, two systems" is walking out of an unprecedented path of civilization of the human system. The new ideas and new practices of this system are actually the continuation, promotion and innovation of the concepts of governance in Chinese civilization for thousands of years. Zero -sum games and jungle laws. We must not only realize these governance concepts within the scope of China's sovereignty, including Hong Kong and Macau (and future Taiwan) under the "one country, two systems", but also theoretically summarize, refine, and sublimate it, and become the system construction and construction of Chinese characteristics. Organic part of theory.

After 25 years of exploration and practice, people's understanding of the "one country, two systems" is more comprehensive and accurate. The second 25 years of Hong Kong's "one country, two systems" will not only be prosperous and stable in the general sense, but to make new explorations and in the great revival process of the world's centuries -old change and China to enter the second century -old rejuvenation process. Development, from the perspective of guarding the innovation, and re -understand Hong Kong, so that Hong Kong will start again. Making Hong Kong can not only maintain prosperity and stability, but also integrate into the overall national situation. It can also forge a new round of opening up, and the concepts of "diversity" and "harmony" of Chinese civilization, the concept of civilization and mutual learning from various regions in the world, and building human beings to build human beings The concept of the community of destiny is practiced at multiple levels of good governance in Hong Kong and made unique contributions. In this regard, we must not only be full of confidence, but also know that there are a lot of hard work to work together. About the Author:

Huang Ping, a doctor of sociology (School of Political Economics, London, England, 1991), is now a member of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a special professor of the Chinese University of Social Sciences, Executive Deputy Dean of the Chinese Academy of Academy of Academic Sciences, and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Director of the Taiwan -Hong Kong -Macao Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and also served as the chairman of the China World Political Research Association, the chairman of the Chinese Cultural Exchange and Promotion Association, and the vice chairman of the National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association.

The main works include "Unewal Syrodual", "Western Experience", "Misling and Development", "Our Time: Where to Coming from, where to go" (together), "Local Globalization", "Dream Family Country: Society: Society: Society Change, Globalization and China Road "," Home and World: China Development Road and Global Governance "and so on.

Editor -in -chief of "Local China and Culture Consciousness", "Re -signing with the Earth", "Reconstruction of Publicity" (up, down), "Chinese Migrant Workers Anti -Poverty" (Chinese and English), "China and Globalization: Washington Consensus, or Beijing consensus? ", China Reflexted, etc., translated" Consequences of Modernity "," Adams Mi in Beijing "and so on.

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