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Xinhua News Agency, Lanzhou, June 29th: Maqu: Yellow River, clear from here

Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Yujie

Maqu County, Gansu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province, located at the eastern end of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, is an important water conservation area and supply area in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In Tibetan, Maqu means the "Yellow River".

Summer is the most beautiful season of Maqu. Looking at it, the green grassland, the mountain flowers are rough, and the clear Yellow River winds. In the 1980s and 1990s, the problem of desertification in the Matou grassland was prominent, and the water conservation ability continued to decline.

The "Battle of the Yellow River" of Maqu has begun from banned animal husbandry and governance grassland desertification.

Forbidden Mu Retu is the main measure to promote the restoration of the restoration of the grassland and accelerate the recovery of grassland vegetation. In addition to implementing the grassland ecological supplementary award, the local people also really feel that the people of the pastoral grassland ecosystem are really the basis for sustainable development through preaching policies and observation learning methods. To speed up the measures such as livestock columns and optimize the structure of the group can reduce the burden on the grassland.

"Previously, herders were used to raising livestock for a long time, and the cattle were raised for four or five years. In fact, after the cattle grow up, they eat more, grow slowly, and not cost -effective, and they will also increase the pressure of the grass field. In case of in case, in case it is in case. In encountering natural disasters, the losses are even more heavy. We guide the masses to speed up the weekly turn, and the cattle can be released in 24 months. The stress pressure is greatly reduced. "

He introduced that since 2011, through measures and other measures such as grassland ecology, Maqu has cumulative reduction of over 1 million sheep units over the overloaded livestock, and in 2019, it has reached the balance of grass and livestock. The county's natural grassland area of ​​grassland ecological supplementary awards reached 12.8802 million mu.

"After reducing the livestock, I saw that the grass field recovered, and the water was much more." Said Gongwa, a villager in Watt Village, Awancang Town, Matus County. For herders who live here for generations, the production lifestyle has also changed. After the 2,000 acres of Gongwal's family became a scenic spot after the contract was contracted, he ate "tourist rice" in half a hundred years.

Putting grass square grids, soil covering, preventing mouse harm ... While protecting the grassland, Matus took a lot of measures to carry out key governance of the degraded sandy land and black soil beaches that have formed in the industry, with remarkable results.

Beside the sandy isolation belt on the bank of the river, Ma Jianyun, the head of the Forestry Technical Comprehensive Service Station of the Maqu County Forestry Technology: "This place used to be up to 10 meters of sand dunes. Sand solidification and conservation of water, reduced the amount of sand in the yellow mud. "

According to statistics, from 2012 to 2021, Maqu cumulatively governed 256,800 acres of sandy grassland, and the area of ​​sandy grass was more than 30%compared to the beginning of governance.

Mining rights withdrawal, the management of collapse, investigation of dirty ports, and biodiversity protection ... A series of measures have continuously improved the "health index" of Matou. In 2021, the landscape protection and restoration project of the mountains and rivers, forests and sand in the upper reaches of the Gannan Yellow River, which has a total investment of 5 billion yuan was launched, and Matou was one of the beneficiary places. The three -year project will systematically repair the mine, forests, grasslands, wetlands, etc.

The monitoring shows that the runoff in the 433 kilometers of the Yellow River flowing through the Matou increased by 10.81 billion cubic meters, and the amount of water supply accounted for 58.7%of the total runoff of the Yellow River source area. In 2021, the water quality of the Matus country controlled section was category Ⅱ, and the water quality evaluation was excellent.

"The adjustment of the grassland wetland has made the Yellow River Maqu section clearer, and the sand content of the water per cubic meter of water is less than 1 kg." Said, the webmaster of the Maqu hydrological station of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Committee, said.

Many local respondents said that ecological environmental protection must be successful for a long time. For wetland atrophy and potential sandy land expansion, it is still necessary to control the protection and protection of the water source.

"We must further coordinate the strength of all parties, strengthen scientific and technological support, better improve water conservation capabilities, and protect the grassy and beautiful land of Malqu." Said Jin Hongxi, a researcher at the Sand Management Research Institute of Gansu Province.

[Editor in charge: Xue Tao]

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