Yuncheng Salt Insurance Center carried out the salt lake water system survey on the 258th day

The flood season is coming, and there are frequent rainstorms across the country.

Yuncheng is no exception. Since June, the central urban area has experienced two heavy rainfall weather. Especially during the first short -term heavy rainfall from the afternoon of June 9th to the night, the rainfall in the salt lake area was about 60.1 mm, reaching the level of heavy rain. On June 26, just passed, the rainstorm in the forecast passed by the Yuncheng, which made people a surprise ...

From the flood season last year to this year's flood season, did the salt pond we are concerned about exterior water? Is the drainage of the central urban area unimpeded? Unfortunately, in the face of the test of nature, everything seems to be repeating the scene of last year.

Therefore, when the water system survey team bid farewell to the last village of the Laushui River into the Yellow River -Shangyuantou Village, we will focus on the flood prevention system and surrounding rivers of Yanchi again. We hope to sort out their ins and outs of their past and present life. Understand their role and let them better protect the ancient salt ponds in the new era.

Qing · Yanchi Figure (this picture was published in 1882 "Repairing Hedong Salt Law Preparation")

In order to protect Yanchi from being invaded by floods, the ancients excavated Yao Sauswu to intercept some ditch floods in the east of Yanchi, and also built duck ponds and Tanglidan floods in the east of Yanchi; North Gate Beach, Nittan Beach (currently the Xiyihu Reservoir) flood storage area and the Gulf River, which is used to intercept the two gutter in the west of the west of the west, to form a three -way flood prevention barrier combined with blocking, storage, and leakage. ; Ten waterproof weir were built in the south of Yanchi (with the west water -resistant weir with Yanchi and the "Seventy -two Weir"), and the northern foot gap in the middle of the middle of the mountain was cited to the neighboring low -lying area. At the same time, there is also a east -west -west protection treasure long embankment in the salt pond north of the southern embargo wall to accommodate the remaining floods to prevent it from entering the salt pond, which effectively avoids the threat caused by the flood and the salt pond. The river made three diversions, and changed the ancient trails of the original into the Tangli Beach and the duck pond to the middle of the 涑 涑 涑, about 20 kilometers north of Yanchi, which greatly reduced the threat of the watershed to the Yanchi. Two flood prevention barriers combined with Shuhe and Yao Sah canal.

The construction of "Four Beachs", "Two Rivers" and "Seventy -two Weir" has formed a relatively complete flood prevention engineering system that protects salt ponds from being threatened by external guests. Extremely important role.

Under the leadership of Lu Guoyu, the director of the central office, our first stop was exploring an important line of defense at the southern end of Yanchi — Hubao Changdi. There was also a water conservancy expert in Yuncheng. He was our "expert guide".

There are not many records about the Hubao Changdi in historical materials, only a short sporadic introduction.

According to records, the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1098), the water was broken. In the four years of Chongning (1105), the observations of the housekeeper and Yaozhou observed Wang Zhongqian to repair the pool. More than 2,400 百, all hundred officials congratulate. In Chi Zhou, it took more than a hundred miles of Baodi and built the outer weir in the south of the embankment, which played an important role in protecting the salt pond.

South of the cross -lake avenue, not far through the Yanchi Observation Deck, a humble dirt road is in front of the eyes. It is the protective treasure long embankment that once made the salt industry.

As the name implies, the protection of the treasure, "protecting the treasure" to protect the salt pond, and the "long embankment" is an artificially built waterproof embankment.

At that time, the protector of the protective treasure of the year stretched from the western salt pond to the east, with a total length of about 24.5 kilometers. Basically, the total length of the water range of the northern foot of the Nakajo Mountain was connected to the ban on the wall. The "Tu Long" with a complete side and body shape is the "personal guard" of Yanchi.

Today, the relics of the Hubao Changdi have been divided into two sections of cross -lake avenue. The east section is short and the western section is long. It is not too high, but it is wider than expected, about four or five meters wide. Walking on the long embankment, it seems that it has spanned for thousands of years.

What is vaguely visible to the south side of the Changdi is a slightly taller left. Because of being surrounded by weeds and severe collapse, we can only distinguish what it used to look like.

From time to time in the sky, a bird hurriedly flew, just like the long embankment and ban on the wall that came from the deep years. The glory of the past was a glimpse.

The distance between the Bao Changdi and the South Forbidden Wall is different. The visual inspection of our walking is about tens of meters. Because the long embankment is wide, everyone guessed that its role is not limited to flood prevention, but also can also be used as a convenient channel for salt salt.

It is said that it was built in 797 AD and has a history of 1225 years. Nowadays, the sides of the long embankment are covered with jujube dwarf trees, and the roads are potholes. The abandoned construction waste can be seen from time to time on both sides. It feels very bad and heartache.

The full picture of Yanchi (this picture was published in 1915) "The full picture of Hedong Yanchi"

Regarding the role of protecting the treasure, water conservancy experts conducted a preliminary analysis and believed that:

The southern end of Yanchi is a flood building, which is difficult to form obvious natural depression and cannot store a large amount of floods, so it must be "blocked" and "interception". The north side of the Changdi is close to Yanchi. If you overlook from a high place, the south -ban wall is like a curved bow around the southern end of the salt pond, and the nursing treasure Changdi is the bow string on the bow. Naturally, a crescent -shaped low -lying area can play a role in water storage.

So, why is there only a long embankment at the southern end of Yanchi?

Water conservancy experts said that compared with the southern end, there are two beaches at both ends of Yanchi, which can accumulate a lot of water. The Emei Ridge at the northern end is far away from the salt pond, and the terrain is flat. In addition, there are three layers of defense of the three defense lines of the Laushui River, Yao Sauswu, and the North Based on the Wall. Therefore, the ancients were not built in the east, west, and north in the salt pond. The four beaches at the ends of the east and west of Yanchi are the stagnation areas formed outside the Forbidden Wall, and the existence of the protective bank of the protective treasure has achieved an artificial flood stagnation area in the Forbidden Wall. The stagnant effect of the Hong Hong, who came to the southern end, so that the flood could not directly enter the salt pond. This clever design fully demonstrates the wisdom of the ancients.

The accumulated water will use several "water eyes" through the lower part of the long embankment, and to supplement their drought when they are short of water. Generally speaking, the three -tier flood prevention facility system formed the southern end of the salt pond, and the nursing long embankment, the south of the south, and the waterproof weir. In addition to flood prevention, it also replenishes hydration for salt ponds and as a salt transportation channel.

On the beach near the beach, the green corn seedlings are strong. Yanchi is not far beside the side, looking at it from a distance, there is a touch of green on the surface of the pool -because it has entered a large amount of outer water, and with the decrease in the concentration of the pool water and the concentration of brine, there have been many green algae here. The microorganisms in it have undoubtedly changed, which is an ecological phenomenon that needs to be paid attention to.

Nowadays, the damaged salt pond restaurant has lost its inherent flood control function, but the protection of the treasures can also play a certain degree of interception flooding, because its height is still about 3 meters now.

From the perspective of water conservancy experts, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, a lot of eye wells along the mountain caused a significant decline in the groundwater level. In addition, the geological conditions of the typical flood fan in front of the mountain have been difficult to form a large flood. The sharp decline in the groundwater level has a certain stagnation effect on the flood along the mountain, but the rising water level of the salt pond may cause inverted irrigation, which will affect the groundwater quality. Therefore, there are advantages and disadvantages for benefits.

In some investigations, we felt that the ancient people's ingenious thoughts for protecting the salt pond also strongly felt that there was no doubt that the Hubao Long embankment was undoubtedly the cannot be copied of the salt cultural relics and urgently needed to take protection measures.

Zhang Tong Jiao Ani Xue Jixin

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