Open the rising channel to relieve "layered" anxiety

Students from Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College practice and run industrial robots in the ABB robotic training room. Xinhua News Agency

■ Chinese Women's Daily All -Media reporter Fu Dongyan

"There is no way, the child's grade is not enough to the general high score line, you can only read the job high." , Can't compare with the children who are up to Shangpao "... In recent years," the proportion of universal diversion is generally considerable "has become the source of anxiety for the parents of the students who face the entrance examination. Passion.

On May 1 this year, the newly revised vocational education law was officially implemented, giving some parents wide. For the first time, the new vocational education law clearly clarifies: "vocational education is a type of education that has the same important position as ordinary education", and proposes many "practical enrollment". Students at the level of general schools have opportunities for equality, and employers shall not set up applications, hires, and employment conditions that hinder vocational school graduates with equal employment and fair competition.

What is the general attitude towards vocational education? Can the new vocational education law alleviate parents' anxiety? What are the problems in the specific implementation stage? Chinese Women's Daily All -Media reporters interviewed this.

Parents are worried and expected

"Chicken Baby" for many years. When the child was in the second year, Yang Hui intends to give up. "My child is not a learning material. I think about everything, but I do n’t love to learn. Forget it, instead of letting myself and the child suffer, it’ s natural to let it go.

At that time, Yang Hui's parents and friends in the third grade looked at the schools and majors that could be selected. The matter has changed this year.

"It's very lucky. There are more schools and majors that can be selected this year. Some majors that have some achievements before they need to be available have also been released. It should be related to the revision of the Vocational Education Law." Yang Hui learned from many parties. Eventually, I reported to the child's food processing major in Beijing Trade and Trade School. There is still a chance to take a bachelor's degree. "Yang Hui was looking forward to the future development of vocational education.

Last April, Ms. Fan fell into anxiety when she watched her son's secondary test. "Less than 500 points, no ordinary high school, but the last job is high, it's not very willing."

After understanding, Ms. Fan found that there is currently a training project in vocational colleges, that is, students transferred to the corresponding undergraduate colleges after five years of high vocational education, and then studied for two years. "The academic studies are not so nervous, and it is also a bachelor who feels appropriate." Ms. Fan calculated, but the request is that the score of the middle school entrance examination must reach 490 points. "This score should have a drama."

In the end, Ms. Fan's son scored 496 points. She reported to her son a major in intelligent automotive technology application of Fengtai Vocational Education Center School. The undergraduate is a car service engineering major at the Beijing United University Robotics College.

"Professional is good. If you are in a private high school, you will not be able to admit to the undergraduate for three years. This is good." Ms. Fan and her son were more satisfied.

The implementation of the new vocational education law this year has made Ms. Fan more affirmed her choice. "Now that the country pays more and more attention to vocational education, it is really a good thing. In fact, no matter what school, I hope that I can have a good job in the end. Catch this wave, you should have a lot of opportunities when you graduate. "

However, Ms. Yang, the second grade of her child, is not so optimistic. She admits to reporters that at present, the quality of education in vocational high needs to be improved.

The change from "level education" to "type education"

The New Vocational Education Law will be formally implemented from May 1 this year, which has canceled the "general vocational divergent" picked method, and changed to "adapting to local conditions at different stages after compulsory education, coordinating the coordinated development of vocational education and general education." what does that mean?

Chen Ziji, director of the Department of Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, explained that "after compulsory education", that is, after junior high school education, we must implement universal classification education; "different stages" refers to the stage of high school education and higher education stage. Ordinary education; "adapt to local conditions" means not to engage in "one -size -fits -all", and allow the proportion of universal vocational proportion in various places in a certain range; "coordinated development" means that vocational education is equally important as ordinary education. Only the integration of school running models and the similarities and differences in the way of educating people.

"The reason why the focus of general diversion topics is high is because the" diversion 'substantially becomes' layered', which is determined by the original positioning of vocational education. "Xiong Bingqi, the dean of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said The so -called "hierarchical education" is a level of education lower than ordinary education. Regardless of whether the proportion of secondary vocational vocational school is more or less, parents will have their children "layered" to the anxiety of the vocational vocational vocational, which means that the child has been "eliminated".

"The vocational education law clarified 'vocational education is an education type with the same important position as ordinary education', and the development positioning of type education is very different." Xiong Bingqi explained that as a type of vocational education in type education "Instead, it is an equal type of education with ordinary education. "Promoting the construction of vocational education type education will gradually change the view of vocational education."

In accordance with the idea of ​​developing type education in the new vocational education law, Xiong Bingqi suggested that the localities must combine local economic development and talent needs, independently determine the scale of vocational education, and combine the development of high school to implement and expand the autonomy of school running, promote high school high school Diversity schools. He also proposed that vocational education from "hierarchical education" to "type education" is not a simple change of "mentioning the Fa", but needs to be improved in substantial and connotation. "Only by improving the quality and status of vocational education and a more talented choice for the educated people can the ethical ecology of education develop and relieve the educational anxiety of society and parents."

It is the key to open up the channel of vocational education

At the recent press conference of the Ministry of Education, Xing Xiaoying, a teacher of the basic industrial training center of Tsinghua University. Xing Xiaoying graduated from a vocational school, Shaanxi Industrial and Technical College. After three years of professional studies, she was recommended to teach at the Basic Industrial Training Center of Tsinghua University with her professional overall ranking. She graduated from the vocational school like her There were 5 batches of 13 people before and after Tsinghua.

Xing Xiaoying's example made many children studying in vocational colleges.

The "Large -scale Questionnaire Survey Report" released by the "Educator" magazine in 2021 shows that when the students and parents of the interviewed "the biggest difficulties facing vocational education development" were in the forefront The ascending channel is not smooth and not wide, which is an important factor.

Teacher Zhang, an enrollment office of a middle school vocational college in Beijing, said: "The most questioned question of students and parents is the issue of further studies. Because after graduating from secondary vocational vocational education, employment positions are relatively limited. This can be easier and higher -quality. Some students' wishes are to further study undergraduate. "Teacher Zhang added:" In the past two years, the employment office of our school has been canceled. Students have found a way to study and advance to study. The employment office of the job is basically not needed. "

In terms of opening up the rising channel, Chen Ziji introduced that the new vocational education law stipulates that higher vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities that implement vocational education shall determine the corresponding proportion in the admissions plan or adopt separate examination methods to recruit vocational school graduates. In addition to the establishment of more undergraduate level vocational schools, there is also a space for two aspects of exploration. One is to set up undergraduate vocational education majors in ordinary colleges and universities, and the other is to set up undergraduate vocational education in vocational schools at the college level. This means that students in secondary vocational schools can not only study college, but also go to undergraduate. The attractiveness and influence of vocational education will continue to increase.

"At present, the promotion channels of secondary vocational students are still relatively limited, and from the legal level, the enthusiasm of students can be greatly improved by the enthusiasm of students in vocational school students." Teacher Zhang said that from the perspective of enrollment this year's enrollment situation The enthusiasm of students' registration in vocational duties has improved.

Xiong Bingqi also reminded that the establishment of a vocational education college entrance examination system and opening up the road of education for secondary vocational students need to prevent the promotion orientation of secondary vocational education, that is, secondary vocational schools do not conduct practical skills training for students, but revolves around the "vocational education college entrance examination" organization. Teaching, the promotion rate of "vocational education college entrance examination" is particularly promoted to evaluate the running schools of secondary vocational schools.

"For secondary vocational students, the purpose of further studies is not to obtain a higher diploma, but to improve the skills. Therefore, those who run through the education process of vocational education students should form a systematic and continuously improved requirements for skills training. Improve. "Xiong Bingqi emphasized.

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