Adhere to the scientific process of systematic thinking and promote the use of sludge energy resources

Original title: Adhere to the scientific treatment of systematic thinking, promote the use of sludge energy resources- "Implementation Plan for Harmicization and Resource Use of Smules"

Luck is an inevitable product of urban sewage treatment. It has the dual attributes of "pollution" and "resources". The harmless treatment and resource utilization of sludge is a key measure to promote the pollution control and improvement of carbon and efficiency in the field of water pollution control. Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban -Rural Development, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Harmicization and Resource Utilization of the Smules" (Fajian Ringye [2022] No. 1453, hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Plan"). The "Implementation Plan" adheres to systemic thinking, highlights the concept of green and low -carbon, emphasizes the co -governance of mud and water, adapts to local conditions, takes the harmless treatment of sludge as the core, is guided by resource utilization The basic principles, goals, and specific measures for the use of mud harmless treatment and resource -based use will provide strong support for the in -depth battle against pollution prevention and building a beautiful China.

1. Adhere to systematic thinking and build a sludge treatment and disposal system

The "Implementation Plan" has deployed the work requirements of mud harmless treatment and resource utilization from the aspects of sludge treatment structure, facility construction, resource utilization, operation management, and guarantee measures. In terms of sludge treatment structure, it is required to choose the processing path according to local conditions, and encourage the adoption of a diversified combination method to consider the necessity, feasibility and cost benefits of considering the stability, harmless treatment and resource use of sludge. In terms of facilities, it is required to improve the efficiency of existing facilities and make up for the facility gap to promote the sharing of facilities. In terms of resource utilization, it takes into account safety and environmental protection to ensure stability and reliability, and realize energy and material recycling. In terms of operation management, the entire process management of the source of pollution sources, collection and treatment, transportation storage, and final product disposal. In terms of guarantee measures, it is required to compact the responsibilities of all parties, strengthen standards, technical support, improve the price and fee mechanism, and strengthen capital investment.

2. Adhere to the co -governance of mud and water and implement the source governance

The first is to accelerate the construction of sewage collection facilities. The imperfect sewage collection pipe network not only affects the effectiveness of the sewage treatment facilities, but also leads to the low content of sludge organic matter and high sand content. It is an important factor in restricting the harmless treatment and resource use of sludge. Accelerate the gap in the collection facilities of sewage, implement rainfall diversion transformation according to local conditions, increase the water concentration of the hydraulic in the water processing plant, and increase the sludge and mud.

The second is to control the discharge of industrial sewage wastewater. The content of toxic and harmful pollutants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants in sludge is closely related to the discharge of wastewater discharge of industrial enterprises. During the sewage treatment process Environmental risk of resource utilization. Strengthen industrial wastewater into the management and control of urban sewage pipe networks, do a good job of investigation and evaluation of industrial wastewater access to urban sewage pipe networks, and strengthen the source control of toxic and harmful substances. It is an important prerequisite for recycling of sludge resources.

Third, adhere to local conditions and improve the efficiency of facilities

The first is to make a coordinated determination of sludge treatment and treatment schemes. According to the source of sludge, output and mud, comprehensive natural conditions, land use conditions, environmental carrying capacity, and economic development level, coordinate the treatment of objects, facilities, resources, and management elements, and build a regional coordinated and far -reaching sludge harmless treatment And resource utilization plan. Encourage organic waste to be dealt with with organic waste with similar attributes, collaborative utilization of upstream and downstream, collaboration between regions, and facilities and sharing. Encourage county and town regions to coordinate shared treatment facilities and disposal resources to form a scale effect.

The second is to reasonably choose sludge treatment and disposal technology. Guided by resource utilization, comprehensive consideration of mud characteristics and changing trends, land resources and environmental background conditions, the use of industrial kiln conditions and resource market market conditions, choose sludge disposal paths and treatment technologies according to local conditions, and determine the recent long -term processing Disposal method combination. Encourage the use of existing facilities to use diversified combinations such as anaerobic digestion/good oxygen fermentation+land use, dry incineration+building materials utilization, and concrete kiln collaborative use. The sludge that is prohibited from the dehydration is prohibited from landfill in the landfill. The sludge landfill occupies a large amount of land resources, and its carbon emissions are much higher than other treatment methods. For large and medium -sized cities in the eastern region, large and medium -sized cities in the central and western regions, and other conditional cities, they gradually restrict the landfills of the sludge. Processing plan.

The third is to scientifically build sludge treatment and disposal facilities. Based on the construction and reform plan of the demand for the disposal of sludge stocks and incremental treatment, do a good job of planning and reserves of facility construction projects to ensure the application of facilities in the past and long -term facilities, and supplement the facility processing capacity gap. Encourage large and medium -sized cities to moderately advanced construction of large -scale sludge centralized treatment facilities, build a number of green low -carbon and advanced sludge treatment and disposal projects, and drive the application and promotion of advanced technologies. Scientifically evaluate existing facilities processing capabilities, operation effects and optimization space, transform facilities that do not meet the requirements of standards and specifications, and improve the overall technical level of facility operation.

Fourth, insist on green and low -carbon, recycle energy resources

The first is to encourage the processing process to reduce carbon and reduce carbon reduction. If the sludge is not effective, it is easy to generate a large amount of greenhouse gas such as methane and nitrous oxide with high temperature increase potential. The utilization of sludge energy resources has become an important way for the sewage treatment plant to realize energy and carbon cycles. The sludge treatment and treatment should adhere to the green and low carbon, realize the recycling of energy resources as much as possible, and avoid the use of technologies that consume a lot of energy, materials and land resources to actively promote the use of sludge soil. Under the requirements of carbon peak carbon neutrality and target, sludge treatment and disposal of technical applications and economic costs are considered as an important consideration for carbon emissions. The second is to encourage energy efficient development and utilization. First of all, the sludge can convert organic matter into an energy gas through anaerobic and digestion, replacing fossil fuel as a thermal source or generating power generation. The coordinated aversion treatment of organic waste such as sludge and kitchen waste can produce significant economic and environmental benefits. It is necessary to coordinate the comprehensive collaboration of organic waste. Secondly, the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the sludge incineration process is improved. In addition, the development of solar energy resources in the development of sewage sources and solar energy in the factory area is used to extract heat with the characteristics of constant sewage temperature and is used for air conditioning thermal/cold source, regional heating/refrigeration and other purposes.

The third is to encourage resources for multi -channel recycling. First of all, as fertilizer or soil improvement agent, it is used for greening, abandoned mines, and non -agricultural saline -alkali land and sandy land improvement. Land use does not simply apply the sludge directly, but must be stable and harmless to achieve stable and harmless treatment such as anaerobic digestion and good oxygen fermentation to achieve stable standards and corresponding mud standards. Secondly, the ash building materialization and resource use of ash resource -based and resource -based use of the heat treatment such as sludge incineration are divided into the production of building materials products, such as cement, concrete, brick blocks, asphalt fillers, and roadbed materials. Third, the extraction and recycling of sludge nitrogen phosphorus. In practice, the recycling of nitrogen can be used by anaerobic gapladia, and the ammonium salt is used as fertilizer; phosphorus can be recovered from sewage, sludge or incineration ash.

Fifth, adhere to the management of management, strengthen supervision and management

The first is to improve the management level of the entire process. The mud emissions, disposal and resource utilization, and inspection and supervision units must strictly implement regulations. Urban sewage and sludge treatment enterprises shall regularly report the downturn, use, and amount of downturn, and report the ecological and environmental departments in accordance with the law to prevent illegal acts such as random dumping and stealing sludge during the transportation transportation process.

The second is to improve the standard system of the entire process. my country has basically established a standard system for muddy harmless treatment and resource -based utilization. In response to carbon -peak carbon neutralization and higher environmental protection requirements, combined with the development of new technologies and new processes, it is necessary to accelerate and revise the related technical standards of sludge treatment and disposal. Combined with the development of resources such as land utilization and building materials, it is developed to build sludge treatment products and derivative product standards, and pay attention to the connection with cross -industry product standards to help the industrial development of sludge resource utilization.

The third is to strengthen the supervision of the entire process. Strengthen the management of sewage discharge permits, strengthen regulatory law enforcement, and promote the discharge of pollution -discharge enterprises. Do a good job of regulating the source of sewage collection, and implement the tracking system of sludge treatment and disposal. Combined with information technology, improve the intelligence level of management and improve the effectiveness of supervision. (Zhang Chen National Engineering Survey and Design Master, a professor -level senior engineer, currently the chief engineer of the Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd.)

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