Mysterious Wolong Wild Paradise

Text/Green China Rong Media Reporter Li Binqing

In mid -July, the Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau released news. During the survey of Lanke Plants in the area under its jurisdiction, the Wolong National Nature Reserve staff also discovered the new plant species of Lanke plant -Wolong Pot. Wolong, located in the hinterland of the Grand Panda National Park, not only has a rare creature and the beautiful scenery of the mountains, but also a typical example of the construction of national park construction and protecting biodiversity.

△ National first -class protection of animal Sichuan Golden Monkey Huang Xu photographed

Double flagship species

Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve, located in the high mountain gorge of the Sichuan Basin to the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. It is in the hinterland of the Hengduan Mountains and is the intersection of the distribution of north -south animals. It is not only the best habitat for the national treasure panda, but also the music of the snow leopard and the kingdom of the pheasant. As a hot spot for global biological diversity with wild animal and plant resources, Sichuan Wolong has the crown of the UNESCO "World People and Biosphere Reserve" and "World Natural Heritage".

Founded in 1963, Wolong National Nature Reserve is one of the earliest comprehensive national natural reserves established by China. Among the protected area of ​​200,000 hectares in the protected area, the virgin forest reached 54,000 hectares. It has a well -preserved medium and low mountain forest ecosystem represented by pandas and the alpine ecosystem represented by Snow Leopard. The nearest dual flagship species protection area of ​​the city.

Such natural conditions make the types of animals and plants in the area extremely abundant. There are about 517 types of vertebrates, about 1,394 species of insects, and nearly 2,600 kinds of high plants. Among them 83 species, one of the most preserved areas in the world's ancient biological species, and a valuable biological broad -spectrum gene library. Complex habitual conditions, complete mountain forest ecosystems, and rich biodiversity are ideal places for multidisciplinary research such as biological resources, forest ecology, and natural ecology.

△ Sichuan Wolong took the first photographed a wild giant panda steroid twins

New species discovery is not easy

The complex and diverse giant panda National Park Wolong area, vertical altitude gap is more than 5,000 meters, and biodiversity is rich. It has now recorded more than 2,000 vascular bouquet plants. In recent years, with gradually increasing ecological protection, patrol monitoring, and scientific research, more and more rare orchidic plants are found in Wolong, which is of great significance for biodiversity research and provides more references for maintaining the balance of ecosystem balance. Essence

Speaking of new species, it is not that a plant that has not been seen before can be named casually. According to the Wolong National Nature Reserve staff, as early as November 2020, the researchers found the Lanke plant in the non -flower period in the wild. In May 2021, they collected the flower fruit period specimens, and the ITS nuclear gene molecular samples were repeatedly collected from January to March 2022. After consulting the relevant literature, the development of morphology and molecular system, it was finally determined to be a new species. Because the model was produced in the Panda National Park Wolong area, it was named the Wolong Potterfoli. This is the third new plant species of the Grand Panda National Park Wolong District recently investigated and named the naming. The first is the Chinese coral orchid released in August 2021, which was discovered on the four girls adjacent to Wolong; at the end of the same year, it was discovered and discovered in the special survey of Lanke plant resources in Sichuan Province in the second national key protection of wild plant resources. Published on the international botanical academic journal "Nordic Botanical Magazine", Wolong Wuzhuo is the second new species of Lanke plant.

Wolong is famous for giant pandas

Wolong's name is associated with giant pandas. Wolong is one of the main distribution areas of giant pandas in my country. The number of wild pandas accounts for about 10%of the country and is the largest panda reserve in China; Circle breeding population.

Wolong joined the UNESCO World and Biosphere Reserve Network in 1980; in 1981, he cooperated with the WWF with the World Nature Foundation to establish the "China Protection Grand Panda Research Center" and use the May 1st Wild Observation Station as a Chinese -foreign cooperation. Base of the Giant Panda Ecological Observation Research; in 1982, the largest "Animal and Plant Specification Hall" in our country's nature reserve was established. Now Wolong has become a world -significant nature reserve, occupying an important position in the Chinese and foreign nature reserve and enjoying a high reputation.

As a world natural heritage, Wolong not only has national treasure pandas, but also countless rare species. Due to the changes in natural history and other natural history, Wolong has become the intersection of my country's wild creatures and north -south boundaries in China, so many ancient heritage species and unique species are preserved, and they have received good survival and Reproduction conditions fully show species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecological diversity, and because the human impact is relatively weak, it provides a good environment for the survival and reproduction of various creatures.

With 3500 meters above sea level, in this way, animals such as Sichuan Golden Monkey, Panda, and Twisted Antelope share with national treasure giant pandas with the gifts brought by the dense and healthy forests of the lower altitude; Slocked growth under the stretched forest asylum. Above this, wild animals that are accustomed to alpine shrubs and meadow areas have always been distributed to alpine streamstone beaches and snow lines. The baptism of plenty of sunlight and frost rain and snow. Because the flowers blooming in the Tong Tong tree are very like pigeons, the Tong Tong flowers are also called pigeon flowers. The Tong Tong tree is a unique species in China and is a national first -level protective plant. It is called "plant living fossil".

△ Photo by Xu Tong Xu Jian

Another first -level protective plant Mizuki in Wolong Reserve is also a unique tree species in my country. Its discovery is one of the major contributions in the study of botanical research in the last century. Because Mizuki belongs to the ancient heritage plants, as early as 100 million years ago, the ancestors of the Mesumi Pakistani and the new generation of Mizuki Mizuki were born. After the fourth year of the new generation, almost all of Metsmith was extinguished. In the central part of our country, there are "mountain glaciers" in sporadic. It is these mountain glaciers, leaving many plants with ice -free "refuge". Metsmith is the survivor of the fourth glacier disaster.

"Rainbow Bird" Green Tail Rainbow

There are not only strange flowers and trees, but also beautiful "Rainbow Birds" in Wolong. When the green tail rainbow pheasant walks in the sun, the feathers will reflect more than 100 colors, and it will look as gorgeous as a rainbow, so it will be named.

According to data, the male green -tailed rainbow pheasant has a total of 10 colors. It looks like splendid, and the color distribution is different. Although the colors are different from the top to the tail, these colors are matched together. It looks very harmonious.

Green-tailed rainbow pheasant is a large bird in the family of chicken-shaped eyes. Adults grow about 70-80 cm and weigh more than 3.6 kg. They like to come out of the ridge of 3,000 meters above sea level. Eat the tender leaves, flower buds, young buds, fruits, seeds, etc. of plants.

△ Green Tail Rainbow Po

Green Tail Hongyu currently has a sparse distribution in Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu, and Qinghai. As early as 1997, the Washington Convention defined the green tail rainbowe as a first -class endangered animal, and my country determined that Hongye was a first -class protection animal in 1989. The main reason for the very scarce number of green tailhow is the damage of human beings and illegal hunting for their habitats. With the gradual increase of ecological construction across the country in recent years, the efforts to protect the natural ecological environment have continued to increase, and the living conditions of the green -tailed rainbow pheasant have improved.

The mountains and valleys are deep, the streams are vertical and horizontal, and the snow -capped mountains are the geographical advantages of Wolong. The vegetation is dense, the air is clean, the scenery is beautiful, and the climate is the unique ecological tourism resources of Wolong. Because of the great gap between altitude, in the Wolong Reserve, the forest roads with more than 100 kilometers deep rose from 1300 meters above sea level to 4487 meters. The vertical spectrum here is very obvious.

In the late spring and early summer, the various azaleas, the colorful forests of the mountains in the autumn, the extraordinary snow mountains and the sunrise and the pure starry sky of the snowy mountains and clouds all year round will make people linger. The unique feelings and real experiences of the four seasons and ten miles. Wild animals that have been reproduced for generations have also showed the characteristics of relatively fixed vertical distribution and migration of upper and lower life.

Since the establishment of the Wolong Reserve, through the unremitting efforts of several generations of forests, Sichuan Wolong successfully preserved the complete and healthy alpine forest ecosystem, and won the "Species Gene Library", the "natural barrier" and "natural barrier" of the western Sichuan Plain The reputation of the hometown of giant pandas.

"Green China" A (first half of the month) September 2022 issue

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