Artificially affect the weather: Geyun Bowing Rain Determinations and Avoiding Harm ｜ Welcome to Twenty Congress • Meteorological Achievements ⑲

Ten years of hard work, ten years of spring and autumn.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the national meteorological department anchors to promote the high -quality development of the weather work, and work hard on research business, disaster reduction guarantee, and profit -making services. Improve scientific assignments, precise operations, safety operations and levels. At present, the average annual rainfall area of ​​the country is stable at 5 million square kilometers, and the average annual hail area is increased to 650,000 square kilometers. The average annual number of direct or indirect economic benefits of weather work will be about 32 billion yuan. It has become a disaster prevention and reduction. The "good helper" of national food security, alleviating water resources, and promoting ecological protection and repair.

cohesion--

Layout "a cloud" to plan "a game of chess"

In recent years, with the global warming, the high -temperature heat wave incident in summer has become more frequent, and people's demand for water resources has become more urgent. More and more people have begun to set their sights on the clouds.

According to the survey data of the China Meteorological Administration, my country developed in China that can develop 280 billion tons per year, equivalent to the water volume of 7 Three Gorges Reservoir.

How to make good use of the "air reservoir", turning the hail into drizzle, and let Gan Lin moisturize the ground, becoming the key direction of the meteorological department.

On August 27, the China Meteorological Administration called multiple aircraft for the first time to carry out a large -scale cross -regional open -area joint rainfall operation at the water waters of Danjiangkou Reservoir

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's artificially affected weather work has entered the stage with the fastest development, the most wide service, and the most prominent benefits: the operation method has changed from the past urgent, dividing to normalization, and intensive. Drought resistance and disaster reduction to grain safety, ecological safety, water safety, energy safety and other fields have expanded. The technological content of operations has been greatly improved, the ability to serve economic and social development and the construction of ecological civilization has effectively improved, and the overall level of the world is reached.

The rapid development of artificially affect the weather cause is inseparable from the high plans of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, as well as the joint promotion of local governments and relevant departments at all levels.

In 2012, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening Artificial Impact Weather Work", and in 2020, "Opinions on Promoting the High -quality Development of Weather Work" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") The action program and fundamental observance fully reflect the high attention of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on artificially affecting weather work.

Thanks to the national artificial impact weather coordination conference system, the government -led artificial influence weather development pattern has been further improved, and artificially influence weather work deeply integrates into the national strategy. Governments at all levels have incorporated artificially influencing weather work into economic and social development plans, and successively issued documents that promote the high -quality development of the weather work, and have established a working mechanism of upper and lower connection, division of labor and cooperation, and overall planning.

Over the past ten years, the leading role of the leading weather center of the China Meteorological Administration has become more and more prominent; the manual impact of the weather center in the northeast and northwest region has played an important role in regional artificially affect weather organization and capacity building; Regional coordination mechanism has effectively promoted regional artificially influence weather capacity and improvement of scientific and technological levels.

The central and local governments also increase their support on funding, focusing on supporting artificially affected weather capacity building, operation and operation guarantee; industrial and informatization, public security, civil aviation, education, emergency management and other departments coordinate the promotion of my country's artificially impact weather work direction Good development.

practice--

"Avoiding harm" to relieve people's worrying "profit -making" moistening people's heart

This summer, the south has experienced the strongest high -temperature heat waves in my country since 1961. The Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are serious, making the whole country worry.

On August 17th, the China Meteorological Bureau Xinzhou 60 aircraft assisted Hubei's manual rainfall work map/Fu Jia

With the support of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance, the China Meteorological Administration has timely connected with the air management department, and dispatched four national high -performance rainfall aircraft from the northeast, northwest and other places to go to Xiangyang, Chongqing, Nanyang, Henan, Ankang, Henan, Ankang and other places in Shaanxi. Support rainfall operations; jointly related manufacturers, for the first time, calling two large drones to implement rain increases in Sichuan and Chongqing and reduce forest fire risk -level operations, complementary to some people's plane operations.

Under the common effect of large -scale artificial rainfall operations and natural precipitation, the "life -saving water" that timely dropped in time played a positive role in alleviating high temperature and drought. According to statistics, from August 1st to 31st, for the high temperature dry area of ​​the south, a total of 75 artificial rainfall operations were implemented, and a total of 211 hours were flying. It reached 1.45 million square kilometers.

This is just one of the microcosm of the high -quality development of weather and social and society artificially. In the past ten years, the meteorological department has plowed the clouds, and the results have achieved remarkable results-

Land ushered in "Run Tian Yu". In the past ten years, the national meteorological department has implemented 5091 artificial rainfall operations in the main grain production area and important agricultural product production areas, and 90,000 rockets high -gun rainfall operations have been contributed to the harvest of food in my country for years.

Crops have "safe umbrellas". In the past ten years, the national meteorological department has closely monitored hail disaster weather, and used high guns and rockets to implement 280,000 artificial hail operations to reduce damage to high -sensitive fruit industry and tobacco leaves. For example, in 2016, the Weining hail disaster in Guizhou created the highest history. The disaster rate outside the high gun defense zone was 22.5%, and the disaster rate in the high gun defense zone was only 2.5%.

Green mountains and green water add color. Over the past ten years, in key ecological protection areas such as Sanjiangyuan, Qilian Mountain, Tianshan, it has continued to carry out a large -scale normalized artificial rainfall (snow) operations, supplementing ecological water, expanding the area of ​​lake wetland, and improving grassland biomass and coverage. Taking the artificial rainfall project of Sanjiangyuan as an example, since the implementation of natural precipitation and artificial rainfall since its implementation in 2006, as of 2020, the low -coverage vegetation area of ​​Sanjiangyuan region has decreased by 15.06%. The area increased by 6.77%. Escort for rescue rescue. At present, the meteorological departments of 28 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) nationwide have established cooperation mechanisms with relevant departments such as emergency management and natural resources to carry out disaster prevention and reduction and emergency protection of manual affecting weather services. Over the past ten years, the rescue and rescue weather guarantee service has been successfully completed in major emergencies such as the Daxinganling Fire.

This dazzling transcript reflects the concept of man -oriented and people first, while adhering to "prevention and rescue", while continuously exploring every kind of "avoiding harm" to relieve people's worries and "profit -making" The possibility of moisting people.

Innovation

Doing the "addition" of technology "multiplication"

Scientific and technological innovation is the only way to artificially affect the high -quality development of weather. And people's expectations for the high -quality development of the weather, with the advancement of science and technology, is being realized one by one.

On August 25, the pterosaur-2H large drone implemented an artificial rainfall operation in Sichuan

People hope that the operation is more scientific- "the vertical to the end of the four-level business, the five-stage process horizontally to the edge" manually affect the establishment of the weather business system, continue to build an artificially affect weather demonstration base, monitor precise and technical advanced "heaven-empty-foundation-foundation-founded foundation "The three-dimensional detection system of Yunshui Resources is gradually completed, and the national-level cloud precipitation analysis system, operating command system, video conference commercial platform and other business systems achieve provincial full coverage. The guidance operation command system was completed, and the coverage rate of operation guidance was 100%.

People are looking forward to work more accurate -the work processing process forecast, operating potential forecast, operating conditions monitoring and early warning, operating tracking command and work effect assessment business; the rational ratio of rainfall operations can reach an average of 87%nationwide; X -band polarization radar , Millimeter -wave cloud radar, microwave radiation, fog droppings, and raindrops such as the base cloud physical observation equipment are gradually popularized; the equipment realizes "bird guns", high guns, rockets, airplanes, drones, etc. are all available.

People are eager to operate more secure -government -led and departmental cooperation artificial affecting the comprehensive supervision mechanism of weather safety production is basically formed; manual affects weather safety uniformly included in the local production safety supervision system, and all the country ’s IoT management systems have been connected. The proportion of standardized operating points is 78%, and 51%of the operating point is installed with video surveillance; artificially affects weather rockets and cannonball reliability increased by 10 times, and all ammunition of ammunition will be exited. Installed a security lock device.

The "addition" that artificially affects weather scientific and technological innovation is in exchange for the "multiplication" that improves operating efficiency. From 2012 to 2021, a total of 10902 operations of aircraft rain (snow) operations were implemented nationwide, and Rockets' high cannons increased hail and hail and anti -hail operations of 470,000 times. Active role.

Standing at a new historical starting point, artificially affects the weather workers will continue to do this "major things for disaster prevention and mitigation, good things for the people, and benefit the good deeds of the children and grandchildren." The people are satisfied with the "answers".

Produced by China Meteorological Administration Xuanke Center (China Meteorological News Agency)

Author: Wu Hui (Wang Fei and Jinquan have contributed to this article)

Edit: Zhang Linhao Ye Yihong

Review: Duan Haoshu

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