Diversity subjects participate in promoting social governance in the basin

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "Adhere to the co -governance of the whole people, the source of the source, accelerate the prevention and control of water pollution, and implement comprehensive governance of the watershed environment and the coastal waters. System. "The" long system of rivers and lakes "is a system that implements this governance idea. It involves not only the economic, social, and cultural content in the river and lake basins, but also affects the interests of the diverse subjects in the basin, but also emphasizes the formation of joint force and orderly participation in governance. Therefore, it is also an important content of social governance. one.

The "river and lake system" originated in the "Taihu Lake Calcocarius Incident" in 2007. The Wuxi Municipal Government has implemented the "river length system" in order to efficiently control the pollution of Taihu Lake's cyanobacteria, and the problem was quickly resolved. Subsequently, Zhejiang, Liaoning, Gansu and other places continued to practice innovation. The system gradually improved and eventually became the top -level design of the national ecological governance level. The success of the "river and lake system" in practice is inseparable from the profound foundation behind it.

First of all, from the perspective of ecology, the "river and lake system" is a global governance method, which is in line with the principles of ecology. Ecology is a complex system. The water continues to flow. Prior to the implementation of the "long system of rivers and lakes", the administrative divisions were managed by the administrative division, and one river or a lake belonged to several administrative units management, which caused no management of any link to affect the governance effect of the entire river lake.

Secondly, from the perspective of government economics, the "long system of rivers and lakes" effectively avoids the "public land tragedy". Rivers and lakes are all public resources, which are prone to "externality" problems and cause "public land tragedies". To this end, the international approach is dominated by the government and other public departments, the participation of various subjects in the society, focusing on co -management, and integrated collaboration to solve problems.

Finally, from the perspective of new public management, the "river and lake long system" guarantees the requirements of multiple subjects to participate in the coordination of the organization. The governance of the river and lake must not only concentrate and unify the command, but also have multiple centered and efficient coordination. The "river and lake system" is a unified body of the system, operating mechanism, and river basin governance system. Only by allowing the system to ensure the efficiency of diverse subject participation.

The participation of multiple subjects can not only optimize the "river and lake system", but also improve the level of social governance in the basin. River and lakes not only provide basic guarantees for economic development and people's lives in the basin, but also closely related to local cultural characteristics and spiritual temperament. Therefore, multiple subjects participating in the governance of river and lakes are also important contents of social governance in the basin.

In the design of governance structure, the "river and lake system" has established a mechanism for government -led and social diversified subjects. From the perspective of the government, in the horizontal direction, the head of the party and government, the head of the party and government Ren He (Lake), the other leaders respectively served as the first responsible person of the specific river and lake, and incorporated the functional departments involved into the organizational structure of the leadership system to form formed to form and form formed. Coordinated and efficient operating mechanisms; in vertical, party and government agencies at all levels have established a "river -length system" accordingly, forming a leadership mechanism that is responsible and connected.

From the perspective of diverse social subjects, enterprises, institutions, and residents within the basin area are closely related to the governance of the basin. They must mobilize them and organize them to form a joint force. Start with source governance. Met the standards; need social supervision to achieve normalization of watershed supervision. The government has strengthened the overall planning and changed the "Kowloon Water" pattern of the past and the departments of the departments. Governance structure. Practice has proved that the government coordinates smoothly, and places where social organizations and people are actively participating in the people are relatively good for governance. The satisfaction of the people is relatively high, and the ecology is significantly improved. For example, Haikou Meishe River Governance and Gansu Shiyang River Basin Management are all classic cases.

There are many forms of social diversified subjects. In some places, they are hired by the whole society to regulate environmental supervisors, and they have extensively mobilized party members and youth to supervise and evaluate the protection and protection of river and lake management. Experts and scholars in relevant areas are invited to discuss and demonstrate the pioneering of Xinshui channels, the construction and improvement of the water management system, and the application of Xinshui technology, assist the government to formulate and improve the problem solutions, and open up the "last mile" of scientific governance. Essence Through shared real -time information, the "Discovery of River and Lakes -Volunteer Supplement Details -Community or Group Organization Collection of Public Opinion -Experts Make Suggestions -Research Solutions", etc., and so on.

Under the continuous governance of local governments at all levels, by 2020, the excellent proportion of water quality in the nationwide surface water state control section reached 83.4%. Rivers and lakes basically eliminated black and odorous dirt, and the quality of water environment improved significantly. However, during the operation of this system, there are still some problems, such as the full coverage of unrealized governance in the basin, and there are still shortcomings in the social work itself. This requires that in the process of rivers and lakes, it is necessary to regard it as an important part of social governance in the basin and embed them in a broader field of vision. This requires a strong leadership core, collaboration between mainland government governments, and common participation of multi -subjects.

The first is to establish the concept of "big ecology" and encourage more social subjects to participate. For example, water and soil are indiscriminate. Soil is the carrier of water, and water is the source of the lives of the soil. Only the integration of soil, solid waste and sewage can be fundamentally solved from the source of the source. This requires promoting the participation of social organizations, enterprises, and residents in the river basin, including land, solid waste treatment departments, sewage treatment enterprises, river management departments, and social organizations, enterprises, and residents in the basin. The second is to strengthen the construction of the governance platform to allow more subjects to participate in an orderly manner. Relying on modern information technology, a modern governance platform based on information sharing platforms is established, and the ecological governance system is continuously upgraded and improved with informatization and digital leadership, and a governance system for the unified government command, the social subjects and the masses of various types of society.

The third is to continue to strengthen and improve social work, and consolidate the joint force of "grasping together". Social work is an important starting point for promoting the participation of social diversity, which is related to the effective operation of the social participation mechanism. Scientific social work is an important way for effective social governance. This requires the continuous improvement of the scientific and timeliness of social work, do a good job of bridges and bonds between the government and the people, truly penetrate the enterprise, social organizations and the people, and mobilize more social entities and the people to actively participate in the cause of ecological protection. Essence

(Author unit: School of Government Management, Heilongjiang University)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Jiang Pengyu

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