Humanities should be penetrated into the entire process of fertility

■ Chinese Women's Daily All -Media Trainee reporter Huang Ting

"In terms of childbirth care, we advocate respect for each maternal maternal, and no matter what the medical resources in a place, we must use the available resources to provide each maternal as much as possible to provide them as well The process of childbirth. "Recently, Professor Yang Huixia, deputy chairman of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the leader of the National Domestic Science Group, and the Director of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the First Hospital of Peking University, urged in an interview with the Chinese Women's Daily. People, media, doctors, and midwifers work together to allow more maternal women to understand the benefits of natural childbirth on mother and baby health. Through childbirth analgesics, women can gain high in respect, knowledge and humanistic care Quality childbirth experience.

The "normal childbirth guide" specifies normal delivery treatment to help pregnant women gain confidence and respect during the delivery period

During childbirth analgesics are the general names of various methods of reducing pain during childbirth. They are divided into two types: medicinal and non -drug. The most widely used pharmaceutical analgesic technology is the internal analgesic internal duct analgesic such as epidural analgesia. Most of the current implementation of gastrointestinal analgesic in my country. Regarding the analgesic of drug delivery, my country lacks corresponding guidelines for a long time, and there are also differences in clinical management of normal delivery in different regions and hospitals.

In 2020, Yang Huixia, the leader of the national science group, led the formulation of the "Guidelines for Normal Childbirth" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guide"), which regulated many problems of normal delivery treatment and childbirth analgesics. Yang Huixia pointed out that the "Guide" aims to update and standardize the treatment of obstetrics and sections at all levels across the country, emphasize the care of the mother -centered care, optimize the experience of pregnant women during the production and childbirth The right to know the period, even in areas with limited medical conditions, must help pregnant women gain confidence and respect during the delivery period.

Whether childbirth analgesia has an impact on the production process has always triggered a wide range of discussions in the academic community. The "Guide" accurately defined and pointed out that pregnant women who apply childbirth analgesia should be used in the second birth (fetal delivery period to open from the palace mouth to fully fulfill the full delivery period (the fetal childbirth period is opened from the palace mouth. By the entire process of fetal delivery), the first mother and the maternal maternal were four hours and three hours, respectively, which was extended for an hour than the mother who did not apply drug analgesia. After the maternal palace is fully opened, even if the childbirth analgesia is applied, pregnant women should work hard in time under the guidance of medical staff, so that the time of childbirth can be shortened, and it can reduce postpartum bleeding, infection and improvement of newborns. benefit.

The "Guide" has also re -determined the active period in the delivery process. It turned out that the palace mouth entered an active period for three centimeters. Later, after a big data analysis, it was found that whether it was a first -born woman or a maternal, the output process really entered the process of rapid progress after the palace mouth was opened for five centimeters. Cm is defined as an active period. Before that, if there is no maternal complication, even if the production process is slower, don't intervene too much.

It is worth mentioning that there are two versions of the "Guide", one of which is particularly targeted at the majority of grassroots hospitals. In Yang Huixia's opinion, in areas, especially in areas of grassroots, areas, they are not exactly the same as large cities, but they must also ensure the safety of the most basic medical care and mother -to -child delivery. The "Guide" has also been recognized by the majority of migrant scholars, making clinical treatment more evident. It can not only find problems in time, but also reduce unnecessary intervention.

Non -drug analgesic can also relieve childbirth discomfort, reduce pain, and encourage mothers to actively and happy delivery

"Many film and television works have rendered the pain of women's delivery too much. In fact, pregnancy and childbirth are a physiological process. Now the conditions have improved. Pain in childbirth is no longer a big problem in many hospitals. Anti -painting method. "Yang Huixia pointed out that the World Health Organization did not use extracted analgesic analgesia as the only means, and it also encouraged the use of non -drug analgesics.

Non -medicinal analgesic delivery means that after the maternal enters the delivery process, with the assistance of professional dysmenorrhea, it can relieve the pain of the palace, improve physical discomfort, and accelerate the progress of the production process. Massage, breathing regulation, perineal hot compress, free position, etc.

Guide to accompany: After special training, the accompanying personnel will accompany the maternal delivery throughout the process, so that the mother can get overall care and support in physiological, psychological, emotion, and information, enhance the confidence of childbirth, and obtain a positive childbirth experience.

Breathing regulation method: A controlled rhythm breathing can cause a new attention center to the mother's brain, reduce the discomfort caused by uterine contraction during the delivery, and make the maternal supply of sufficient blood oxygen, maintain a good physiological state, ensure the safety of the fetus and newborn safety , Promote the success of natural delivery.

Birth ball: During childbirth, the use of delivery balls reasonably can reduce pain, reduce anxiety, promote the decline and rotation of the tire head, and shorten the output.

Position and sports technology: Maternal can choose a comfortable position during the birth process, that is, lying, walking, standing, sitting, kneeling, lying, squatting and other postures, rather than fixing a certain position or lying in bed. It can also be moved by exercise, including pelvic swinging, swinging, and walking, so that the fetal head to move to more conducive to childbirth.

Massage technology: Medical use of massage techniques during delivery can help mothers alleviate childbirth pain, make the mother more calm during childbirth, relieve fatigue, and shorten childbirth time.

Tens: Tens: This is a treatment method based on gate control theory. When it is applied to the lower back, the Tens device emits electrical pulses to stimulate the transmission of pain stimulation caused by the uterus, vagina and perineum during childbirth during childbirth. Music therapy: In the method based on guiding music imagination, combined with the techniques of breathing, meditation, relaxation, position, touch, massage, etc. Physical and mental, reduce childbirth pain.

Compared with the traditional childbirth model, the most prominent feature of non -drug analgesic delivery is: with the assistance of professional helper and the whole process of husband and family, not only reduce the pain of the maternal palace, but also make the mother actively face the childbirth process. It is conducive to alleviating the anxiety of the mother -in -law, greatly shortening the output time and reducing the incidence of difficulty. "Under non -drug analgesic delivery model, vaginal delivery is no longer a lonely and negative experience." Yang Huixia pointed out that there are still differences in the development of non -drug analgesics across the country. For non -drug analgesics, both can also be used.

You should use existing resources to provide better services for mothers, so that women will give birth more dignified

Yang Huixia said that after the adjustment of the fertility policy in my country, if the mother chooses vaginal delivery, there are relatively few complications that will be bred again in the future, and the promotion of childbirth analgesia can promote the realization of this goal. "But the promotion of childbirth analgesia needs to be based on the actual situation of the local and respect the personal wishes of the mother. We should penetrate the humanistic care to the women's delivery process so that the maternal maternal can enjoy more comfortable medical services."

"For pregnant women who use the analgesics in the spinal canal, the medical institution should have the condition of monitoring the condition of the life of life, fetal heart and contraction in real -time monitoring of pregnant women." Yang Huixia emphasized that before promoting painless delivery, the grass -roots medical facilities and personnel need to be strengthened. Construction and comprehensively improve the capabilities of obstetrics. "To combine local medical resources, you cannot treat the analgesic of childbirth as the only time to give birth analgesic. Only the most basic medical problems such as first aid can be solved to lay the foundation for childbirth analgesics."

In recent years, with the changes in social concepts and the improvement of medical care, how to obtain privacy and dignity in the process of giving birth in pregnant women has become an important aspect for hospitals to improve medical services and reflect humanistic care. "Make pregnant women experience the process of childbirth dignified, and dignity is not just a reduction in physical pain. For areas and hospitals with insufficient medical resources, they must use existing resources to provide better services for mothers." Yang Huixia said, " In areas where mountain villages and other modern medical resources are backward, doctors and nurses can walk to the bed. When the maternal pain and helplessness, hold her hand, wipe her sweat, soothe her, give her a one Smile. Although these are not as effective as drug analgesics, it is also an effective way to comfort. "

Yang Huixia suggested that for mothers who have severe pain and analgesics, medical workers or medical centers should provide childbirth analgesic services, and patients can also decide when they will be carried out according to their severity after entering the delivery process. "Some people have counted that one -third of the maternal can endure childbirth pain, so for maternal women who want to experience pure natural delivery, they also need to respect their choices." Yang Huixia said.

Yang Huixia also emphasized that health education is essential for pregnancy and childbirth, and should penetrate the entire process of health care during pregnancy. The health education objects before childbirth are not limited to pregnant women, but also their family members. Through health education, pregnant women fully recognize the benefits of vaginal delivery, actively participate in and cooperate with the process of childbirth, and get the support of their families, so as to successfully complete delivery. Hospitals at all levels in different regions can combine their medical resources to provide health education for pregnant women through the methods of pregnant women's schools (face or online), and delivery clinics.

"In the formulation of the 'Guide', we emphasize that no matter what the medical resources in a place, we must adhere to the respect for pregnant women during the delivery process, have humanistic care, and professional obstetrics management. Can popularize more mothers, so that they are no longer afraid of delivery and give birth to more dignified. I hope that every pregnant woman can pass the pregnancy period smoothly, and turn this special period into a beautiful and memorable life. Phase. "Yang Huixia said.

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