Scientific lectures on science 丨 comprehensively understand oil

Petroleum is called "black gold" and "industrial blood". How is such precious oil formed? Below, Xiao Pomegranate will tell you.

The formation of oil "organic theory" and "inorganic theory". "Organic theory" in the industry was widely accepted. After being buried in the ancient ocean or lake biological remains, the organic matter was formed "cheese root" under high temperature and high pressure and hypoxia, and then formed by tens of millions of years. Experts who adhere to the formation of "inorganic theory" believe that oil comes from carbon and hydrogen in the mantle and move from the mantle.

The tower oil field oil is like the landscape cave of Guilin.

The Northern Song scientist Shen Kuo officially named it "Petroleum" in "Mengxi Bi Tan". At present, Xinjiang has proven 6.72 billion tons of oil resources, accounting for 15%of the country, ranking first in the country, mainly distributed in the three major basins of Junggar, Tarim, and Tuha.

Not all oil has good liquidity. It is divided into heavy oil (thick oil), medium oil, light oil and condensate oil. The thick oil produced in Xinjiang Oilfield, Tuha Oilfield, and Tower River Oilfield is like asphalt. Among them, the thick oil of the Tuha oil field is generally about 3,000 meters, and the mining belongs to a world -class problem.

Interestingly, oil is not all black or brown and black, as well as white, red, green, golden, brown -red and so on. The northwest oilfield is mined in the Tarim Basin. It is a fluorescent green, and it is buried in a high -temperature environment in the underground. It is a gas state when it is mined.

A kind of condensate oil adopted by the northwest oil field is fluorescent green when it was just mined, and it gradually became pale yellow after storage.

Petroleum mining has continued to advance to the deep part of the earth. The deepest drilling of Xinjiang has been hit to 9,300 meters. In the Tarim Basin, there are nearly 100 wells with a drilling depth of less than 8,000 meters, which is comparable to the "underground Mount Everest". The Tarim Basin will also invest 15,000 meters in the future.

Petroleum is mainly used as fuel oil, such as gasoline, diesel, aviation kerosene, etc. At the same time, oil is also an important raw material for chemicals. It can be made into paint, detergent, fiber, rubber, plastic, fertilizer, pesticide, cosmetics, medicine, etc.

Now, people's clothing, food, housing and transportation high depend on oil. According to statistics, a person's lifetime must "eat" 551 kilograms of oil, "wear" 290 kg of oil, "live" 3790 kg of oil, and "line" dropped 3838 kg of oil. (Reporter Yu Jiang Yan organized)

The petroleum of the northwest oil field is extremely rich in oil.

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