Ecological Literature • Yunnan Xing | Yunnan Jixing

I went to Dianchi Thirty years ago. It was a wind collection activity organized by the Ministry of Land and Mining, so it was very impressed with Kunming and Dianchi Lake. At that time, the Dianchi Lake was still not modified. Most of the surroundings were farmland, and the narrow road was crowded with tourists. People in the Grand View Tower were next to each other. They were crowded. Drinking, I feel very high.

Since then, I have not been able to go to Dianchi Lake again, but the news pollution of Dianchi Lake appeared on the media from time to time, and sometimes it was very enthusiastic. In the 1950s, Dianchi Lake was mostly water quality of category Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and it was also the traditional drinking water source of surrounding residents. However, after the Great Steel Refining of the 1960s, the surrounding lakes in the 1970s, the industrialization and urban expansion of the 1980s and the 1990s, the Dianchi Ecology has suffered continuously, becoming one of the worst pollution in China. This is probably a universal contradiction between economic development and ecological environment. The locals have a vivid summary of the water quality of Dianchi Lake. Class government is under pressure.

With the persistence and efforts of governments and people at all levels, the country, Yunnan Province, and Kunming City have invested tens of billions of yuan to control the Dianchi Lake. The water quality of Dianchi Lake continued to improve. From the inferior category in 2015 to the whole lake in 2021 In the water quality of category 池, major progress has been made in the improvement of water quality in Dianchi Lake. But in the eyes of foreigners and laymen like me, is the governance of Dianchi Lake so difficult? Instead of investing more, a few more pipelines, and building a few more sewage treatment plants, will the problem be solved? With these issues, all the way to ask experts all the way, until I saw the geographical model at the "Dianchi Lake Protection and Governance Center", I initially clarified the difficulty of the Dianchi Lake governance.

It turned out that the Kunming area was a potting -oriented plot that was surrounded by mountains, low -lying, and high north, and north and low. Dianchi Lake roughly moved north and south, and 35 rivers flowing into Dianchi Lake were concentrated in the east or northeast. Both are short and narrow, and the water volume is limited. Kunming urban area is also built in the northeast of Dianchi, the upstream area of ​​the Dianchi Lake, while the Dianchi Lake only has two outlets in the Xiyuan Tunnel and Haikou Gate valve. As a result, all surface water and urban sewage in the Dianchi Basin in Kunming area were remitted into the Dianchi Lake to discharge after purification and treatment. In addition, the amount of water was not large, resulting in a long period of water power and water replacement. This is the fundamental reason why Dianchi Lake is difficult to govern. Therefore, the governance of Dianchi can now reach the quality of the whole lake, which can be said to be a great phase.

We went to Baofeng Wetland in Dianchi Lake in the late autumn afternoon in the middle of the autumn of the middle of the autumn. Standing at Wanghu Birds and Temples, I saw that Dianchi Lake's water potential, grass moved with the wind, and the gulls and birds flew. I am a hydrophilic, I like wet raw and aquatic plants, so I moved all the way to the water droplets that just rained on the grass tips, and met the beautiful wet water plants in wetlands and shallow water. That is water bamboo, and they are green in a clumps; that is re -force, leaves like hard sheath; that is reed, powerful; that is a beautiful banana, the flowers are slightly vulgar but generous, they are enthusiastic, they are enthusiastic. The big leaves are very similar to the pork Bajie's chanting ears; that's probably the mang, not a ravioli, the flowers of the cricket are white, and the flowers of the mang are gray ... A fish jumps up and disturb my myth. The autumn of the Dianchi Wetland is really good.

When Dali, Erhai and Cangshan, I finally figured out the local geographical situation. Cangshan is on the west of Erhai Lake. It is a north -south mountain range. It is the division of the Yunnan -Guizhou Plateau and the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. Generally speaking, it is the geological sector of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. To the east, it belongs to the Yunnan -Guizhou Plateau section. The east of Erhai Lake in Cangshan is a broken zone formed by the intersection of the Yunnan -Guizhou plate and the Qinghai -Tibet sector. Between Cangshan and Erhai Lake is a plain formed from the river flow flowing from Cangshan. The ancients found that such regions were most suitable for water, farming and life. The source of water was not difficult. The invasion of the population is more and more, and in the end, Dali, a long history of Dali, was born.

Cangshan on the west

Erhai Lake in the east

Dali in the middle

Cangshan, Dali and Erhai Lake

In my dream

Cangshan, Erhai Lake, and Butterfly Spring, this is the most impressive Dali dream left to the Chinese people. In this dream, the natural landscape and the frontier style of fireworks are fully integrated together to shape a kind of The strange humanistic situation is easy to cause people to find out psychological impulses. According to media reports, in the summer of 2022, more than 10 million tourists poured into Dali Prefecture.

In the 1980s, Erhai Water was excellent and remained in a state of poverty. The water blue sky and bird flying can be seen everywhere. However, with the development of the economy, the change of lifestyle, and the increase of the population, the blue Erhai Lake has also undergone the evolution of the nutritionalization of poverty and nutrition, and even the enrichment of nutritionalization. The whole lake has a disaster in the lake, and the water quality has dropped sharply. After continuous and scientific governance, retreating to the ponds, returning farmland to forests, removing wet rooms, canceling cage fish farming, cancellation of motor boats, and prohibiting phosphorus, ban white, and prohibited animal husbandry reappear the water of Erhai Lake The sky has become green again, and the scenery has become more beautiful. The small courtyard of the Bai people has become more individual and flavor. The grades of praise. The north of the Erhai Ecological Corridor along the ring is like green grass on both sides, and the green trees are like clouds. The white walls of the Bai people are embellished in the background of the green trees, green grass and slate roads. The local Golden Flower Xiao Zhang told us that the word "white" of the Bai people is not something else, but the Bai people like to be pure, clean, and pure. When the rain was loose, the lake breeze with the rain was blowing on the grass grass of the shallow water by the lake. The large blockbusters were flexible and undulating, like the soft waist of the Dali Bai girl. The clearing of the gulls and birds on the lake is also loose, or far away, and quiet and beautiful. What is even more eye -catching is the quasi -bride on the grass on the lake. They do not care about the tight light rain at all, and they do not care about the temperature that is gradually declining. Great beauty, that is not only by the Erhai Lake, but also in his own heart.

The source of Eri, as the name suggests, is the source of Erhai Lake. Eryuan refers not only to the source area of ​​Erhai Lake, but also a administrative unit where the source area of ​​Erhai Lake is located -Euyuan County.

Suddenly, China Pakistan jumped into a high embankment, and it turned out to be on a bridge in the Miyu River. Everyone got out of the car and squeezed to the ground to see a sign next to the bridge's embankment. There are some words written on the sign:

"Introduction to the Miyuhe River: It was built in the Tang Dynasty, that is, the Dajie period before Nanzhao (AD 649). , The total length of 22.28 kilometers. The average annual input of Erhai Water is about 500 million cubic meters, accounting for 57%of the amount of water in Erhai Sea. There are more than 3,000 ancient trees in the ancient trees of the Miyuhe River. The ancient tree group. "

While watching, while someone was pointing, someone was amazed, while someone explained, and someone asked: "How do you read this '苴'?" Essence "Actually, the" Mi "of the Miyu River first brought three points of water. Later, it was ancient. People were saved. They wrote and wrote three points of water, leaving only the word" Mi ". "Oh, this is the case, a well -known river name!"

Along the river, walking around the river, the ancient trees on the river embankment are towering, and the path under the ancient tree is quiet. Looking at the river embankment, the ancient trees on both sides of the strait were stunned, and the branches of the ancient trees were hanging into the vines, hanging on the river surface, floating with the wind, which is very dreamy. The river embankment is towering in the river, and compares secretly. The water in the river is much higher than the plains and villages outside the river embankment. "It's a hanging river!" Someone screamed in surprise. The leader of the local environmental protection department said: "Yes, so the mission of flood prevention during the flood season every year is very heavy."

The water in the river was anxious, slightly turbid, endless, hurriedly. "These water is a bit turbid and flows into Erhai Lake without polluting Erhai Lake?" Someone whispered, but did not want to be heard by the leaders of the local environmental protection department, and replied loudly: "The river water is a bit turbid now because it has just been raining over the rain. The reason is that in fact, the water in this river is all category of water. "" What is the concept of type II water? " No."

The upper reaches of Lake is already the water quality of type I. It is better than the Ⅱ water in the Miyu River. Some people can't help sighing: "The name of the Lake Lake is also very elegant! In ancient times, the Xiangxian named Heya Lake, all of which were very cultural!" Everyone responded. The staff of the local environmental protection department told us that Bi Bi is a kind of aquatic plant and a common sea cauliflower in Erhai Lake.

So he got on the boat and drifted to Liyuan Village on the other side of the lake.

At noon, the mountains were quiet and the city sounded. At this time, I looked up to see the blue mountain shadow, and leaned over to see the fish and plants under the water skin. I couldn't help but sigh. What a good mountain and water. Everyone abandoned the boat as shore, and when they saw the mountains forced, the pear garden was stunned; the aroma of osmanthus flowers swimmed and swim again, which made people smell, but could not find it. The pear trees in the ancient pear garden are more than 100 years, but the variety is old, the fruit is small, it is not suitable for the taste of contemporary people, but it is said to be highly quality. Bar.

The fruits in Liyuan have fallen into the ground, in the grass, wetlands, ditch, Kankan, here, where, here, it is a pity, but they think they can be considered the fruit. Some of the fruits falling on the ground are still complete, some are rotten, and some have been fermented. So in the entire ancient pear garden, a faint fruit wine taste was filled. Such a little wide, a little comfort, a little romantic, and a little bit of no encounter. After lunch, I temporarily rested on the rocking chair under the ancient pear tree. I thought this was the place where Lao Tzu's chickens and dogs were heard, but they saw a tree scarlet triangular plum; I thought it was Tao Yuanming's peach blossom source, but it was heard by the sound of the water from the water outside the Liyuan. At this time, the fruit on an old pear tree fell down and smashed on my head. I woke up in a blink of an eye. The sun is a bit biased.

Shilong Village in Jianchuan County is on the hillside, looking at it from the high place. In front of the green background of the mountains, the walls of the village are white or yellow, and the layers are clear, making people quiet at once. In the farmland outside the village, there are drought places such as corn and sorghum growing, and the low -lying paddy fields are pumped and lotus.

The sound of singing and dancing rang and jumped in the traditional rammed walls on another slope. The traditional rammed wall is made of wet soil. The appearance is yellow, warm in winter and cool in summer. It is both ecological and environmentally friendly and unique. In the spacious mountain residence, tea and enjoying the mountains, communicating with songs, not only feel the strong tea fragrance songs, but also the comfort and grace of natural and harmonious coexistence with the heavens and earth.

The ancient town of Shaxi is a must -have place to connect China, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Tibetan District. Historically, the tea -horse ancient road traded Yunna tea, Dali horse, salt, pimped, Yunnan knife, Hu Yang, and various medicinal materials. In the long years, the ancient town of Shaxi was always tangled with merchants such as Yun and Ma Ling.

In the center of Shaxi Ancient Town, there is a well -preserved nation's largest Bai Tanta Temple Temple. Shaxi is also known as the temple, the temple is the Bai dialect, the "temple" means Xingjiao Temple, and "Deng" means the village. The temple also refers to the villages established around Xingjiao Temple. In the evening, Shaxi Town has calmed down, and slowly walked across the ancient drama platform opposite the Xingjiao Temple and Xingjiao Temple in the center of the old street.

Jianchuan Lake is the mother of the people of Jianchuan. Jianchuan Lake is converged by many rivers such as the Mantis River, Jinlong River, Jinfeng River, Gao Cai River, Black River, Heili River, Yongfeng River, Huilong River, Taoyuan River, and Yang Cen River. Chunlai Jianchuan Lakes all beings, the summer solstice of Jianchuan Lake is beautiful and water, and the swords of Jianchuan Lakes are jumping in the autumn, the winter descending Jianchuan Lake is leisurely, and the lake and sky.

Jianchuan is not only environmentally friendly, good ecology, but also the geographical location of the important nodes of the Southern Silk Road, but also leaves a strong stroke for Jianchuan's broad character. At 250 meters away from Jianchuan Lake, it is the famous site of Haimen. In many archeological excavations in 1957, 1978, and 2008, a large number of pine stakes, bronze, ceramic products, carbonized production were unearthed from the ancient site of Haimen. Mai, rice, and millet proves that in ancient times 5,000 years ago, ancient humans have reproduced here and created a brilliant culture. Among them, the excavation of carbonic wheat also proves that wheat's path from the east along the Mediterranean coast may not only have the northern line of the Western Regions, and there may be a dissemination route in the south. These are major discoveries that may change the history of science.

The Wei Mountain Yi Hui Autonomous County is located in the south of Dali Prefecture. When we rushed to Donglianhua Village, Weishan County, it was noon. Donglianhua Village is a return village. The mountains outside the village are heavy, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the village is clean and tidy, and the environment is beautiful. Although the meal is simple, although the meal is simple, it is my favorite food. The Hui people are good at beef and mutton. The beef on the table is not only delicate and delicious, but also soft and sweet. There is another kind of jelly, which is indeed refreshing. As soon as it goes down, it is smooth and sweet, making the afternoon hot, and it is half out of the instant.

During the dinner, there was a local deputy magistrate of Wang, who pointed at Weishan Geography and history, so we enjoyed food while listening to the local historical and cultural meals he told us. It turned out that Weishan was the source of the Honghe River. The Honghe River was one of the six major water systems in Yunnan, and it was the only international river in Yunnan. After leaving Yunnan, it was injected into the North Bay from Vietnam. Weishan is the birthplace of the ancient regime of Nanzhao. The Honghe and other rivers not only nurtured the mountains and forests of Weishan, but also cultivated the prosperous Nanzhao civilization. The ancient city of Weishan is one of the best preserved ancient cities in the country. The ancient city of Weishan was built in the 23rd year of Ming Hongwu (1390 AD). It is centered on the Xing Gonglou and radiated the four main streets of the southeast and northwest. In the natural environment surrounded by the countryside, the local people live a peaceful and peaceful life.

Deputy County Mayor Wang said that Weishan's ecological environmental protection work has also been tightly grasped. The county's forest coverage rate has reached 64.53%of the land area, the wetland area is 3896.91 hectares, and the wetland protection rate is 73.06%. Weishan County was announced by the State Council as a national historical and cultural city in 1994. Now he also has the hometown of Chinese Yi people, the ancestor sacrifice of Chinese Yi, the hometown of Chinese folk tie art, the hometown of Chinese snacks, and the best charm tourism in China The loud names such as Mingxian and Meili County, Yunnan Province. Then we visited Donglian Village. Donglianhua Village is located on the banks of the River Soup River in Honghe. It is an ancient village with a history of more than 600 years. Dozens of buildings and mosques in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China in the village were well preserved. Donglian Hua Village is also a heavy town between the ancient tea and horses. The local Ma brothers Ceramine's business has accumulated generosity, leaving the Maju Courtyard of the deep house. Most of the Majia courtyard is wooden structure, although old but strong and durable. Standing in the wooden gallery on the second floor, listening to the echo of the years, making people a distant emotions of the deceased.

The streets and lanes of the ancient city of Weishan are still the formation of old bricks or wooden doors. A small facade looks like a small facade. Or the residence is surprising, this is probably the restraint and deepness of Weishan people. I entered one by one and watched them one by one. I accidentally saw a brand in the store with "the house of the female writer of Weishan County". Affinity, wanting her to come from this ancient city's cultural environment.

About the Author:

Xu Hui, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese Writers Association, a member of the National Prose Committee of the Chinese Writers Association, chairman of the 5th Presidium of Anhui Writers Association, and judge of Mao Dun Literature Award. Zeng led the writer delegation to visit Japan, the United States, and Canada. Nearly 60 literary works have been published, and their works have won various literature awards. The well -known scholar -type writers, interpretation of traditional classic "The Analects of Confucius", "Lao Tzu" and "The Golden Mean" have a widely influence. The short story "Monument" is a national college entrance examination question, college graduate entrance examination test questions, and the novel "Summer's Capital" and other college textbooks such as Peking University, including "China New Literature Department" and other authoritative selection books, and translate Cheng Ying, Japan and other words were published and distributed, and were commented as "unique writers" and "classic classics".

Source | China Environment

Author | Xu Hui

Title Photography | Song Xiang

Edit | Shangyu

Review | Qin Chao

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