2022CCO Science Popularization China | Professor Zhixiuyi: Will not get lung cancer without smoking?Is the lung nodule a lung cancer?

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He has been engaged in thoracic surgical lung cancer for 40 years. In recent years, he has dealt with small lung nodules and lung cancer almost every day. Professor Zhixiu, the head of the Chinese Anti -Cancer Association Popular Science Propaganda Department and Chief Expert of Chemical Surgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University. Must be talked about -not to be anxious and not everything if you find that the lung nodules are not anxious. Scientific management is very important. Preventing lung cancer starts from staying away from the "three haze and five qi".

According to the latest data of the National Cancer Center, lung cancer lives first in malignant tumors and death in my country. National Health Popularization experts, Zhi Xiuyi, believes that only the popularization of popular science propaganda is effective, and everyone attaches great importance to early diagnosis and screening, so that more early lung cancer patients and families will no longer fear cancer. In recent years, new technologies, targeted therapy and immunotherapy drugs for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment have continued to emerge, so that more patients with medium and advanced lung cancer can face lung cancer frankly, standardize scientific treatment of lung cancer, and truly dance with cancer.

Zhixiuyi: Chief Expert of Chemical Surgery Department of Xuanwu Hospital of the Capital Medical University of the Capital Medical University of China

Effective popular sciences make rumors, rumors, and lies do not attack themselves

"For 40 years of medical treatment, I have not been engaged in other professional fields. I have always been a multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment for early diagnosis of lung cancer and surgery as the main subject." Many patients have been followed up for 20 years and 30 years. After scientific and standardized treatment, they are living and working normally. "One teacher was a patient of me 25 years ago. He did not cough for a long time. He read my popular science column in the newspaper. He went to the hospital for a chest CT examination and was diagnosed with medium -term lung cancer. Chemotherapy, now, he is still active in teaching positions and brings out many excellent students. Whenever we see such patients, we can feel the meaning of science popularization. "

Whether it is a thoracic doctor under the shadow lamp, or the popular science experts who are familiar to the people in front of the screen, Zhixiuyi always gives up. "On the one hand, the awareness rate of residents' core knowledge of cancer is still not high. Many people have disagreed with their ears and they don't ask. They think that only when they are old, they will get tumors. In terms of, the speed of science popularization of tumor prevention and treatment is still too slow. There are too few clinical experts who talk about the vernacular Mandarin. The information on the secondary tumor prevention of primary medical staff and mainstream media is too lacking. "

Zhi Xiuyi has adhered to popular science for many years and condensed the idea of ​​a clinical expert and popular science experts. "In our daily outpatient work, we can see that 90%of the problems raised by patients are overwhelmed. Doctors must be careless and organize common problems of patients and families in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. The mainstream media spreads. In this way, the workload of doctors' outpatient clinics can also help patients and family members to increase the knowledge of lung cancer prevention and control and diagnosis and treatment, and also help communication between doctors and patients. "

Now, there are more and more peers on the road of popular science, and everyone's goals are becoming clearer -the significance of the science science of tumor prevention is to stop the rumors in time, scientifically expose lies, and completely shatter the rumors. "We are not only on the World Cancer Day on February 4th every year, the National Tumor Prevention Propaganda Week from April 15th to 21st, the World Cancer Day of the World Cancer Day on November 17th. For the fixed time period, the science science propaganda should be carried out as a daily and sustainable project to make popular science programs as a daily and sustainable project, so as to motivate doctors to actively participate and let more people know the latest knowledge and technical means of cancer prevention and control. "

I often enter the grassroots level, and I have felt that the people's demand for science popularization is very high. "If we do not get in place and do not advance with the times, pseudo -science will take advantage of it. There are both tumor prevention and treatment of anime image, as well as authoritative experts, as well as popular science lectures, lung cancer screening and free consultation services that enter the grassroots level. Such various forms of popular science propaganda must not only be climaxed before and after the conference, but also covered the whole year. "Zhi Xiuyi proposed that science popularization is also productive forces. Popular science propaganda also needs a normal production chain, cultivating the team of experts, locking in high -risk groups, and injecting more new content. For example, new concepts, new methods of screening, new methods of diagnosis, and new specifications for treatment make the true mainstream media in preventing and controlling cancer knowledge, and rumors naturally do not attack themselves.

To prevent lung cancer, stay away from the three haze and five qi

Modern medical technology is advanced, and many patients with medium and advanced lung cancer have achieved good treatment results, but from the essence of medicine, prevention is the key. The urgency of early prevention and early treatment of lung cancer, Zhixiuyi deeply experienced: lung cancer is a chronic lifestyle disease, one -third of lung cancer can be prevented through a healthy lifestyle, one -third of lung cancer through screening is Can achieve clinical cure.

Zhi Xiuyi advocates early screening of lung cancer in the whole society, and calls on the public, especially middle -aged and elderly friends to participate in regular medical examinations, attach importance to the role of chest CT in early lung cancer screening. Spiral CT examination, in addition, Zhixiuyi advocates the most effective health strategy to prevent lung cancer, especially staying away from the "three haze and five qi".

What is "three haze"? According to the explanation of Xiuyi, the "three haze" is outdoor haze, indoor haze and inner haze. "Five Qi" is outdoor atmospheric pollution, including inhalation of particulate matter PM2.5, indoor flue gas, oil fossils in the kitchen, harmful gas in house decoration and decoration materials, and long -term stuffy air.

"As ordinary people, we must not only pay attention to the haze weather outdoors, adhere to green travel, reduce going out in haze weather, but also pay attention to indoor haze that is closely related to our lives, such as tobacco, smoke, oil fume of the kitchen Indoor air pollution caused by gas and house decoration.

Zhixiu Yi began to explain from the smoke of tobacco that the smoke of tobacco includes first -hand tobacco, second -hand tobacco, and three -handed tobacco. If it is exposed to indoor haze for a long time, the lung health of yourself and his family will be affected. The kitchen oil fume gas is closely related to the daily cooking method. If you do not always drive a range hood when cooking, the PM2.5 inside the house will also explode the table. Fry frying and stir -fry, and the kitchen oil smoke pollution index is high. Therefore, we must try to reduce frying and frying. Do not grill indoors. After the cooking is over, let the range hood work for a while to keep the living environment fresh. In addition, there are air pollution caused by house decoration and interior decoration. The volatile organic objects (VOC) hidden in the decoration and decoration materials are the culprits of lung cancer.以 Carcinogens, the above -mentioned recognized carcinogenic risk factors, we must avoid it. "

Finding a troops of the lungs, neither care nor everything

During the medical examination, people are often worried about the lung nodules. Cut or not? Is it cancer? This is also the most answered on the major popular science activities.

"This new crown pneumonia's epidemic allows more people to pay more attention to lung health. At the same time, in order to investigate the new crown pneumonia, patients who are hospitalized in many regions and family members of accompanying people need to be a chest CT, plus the clinical of the low -dose spiral CT in the chest Promoting and healthy medical examinations introduce more chest CT, and more lung nodules are found and diagnosed. Some of them think they have lung cancer. In fact, they are not lung nodules or lung cancer. According to the overall domestic and foreign According to the data, for the first time, the pulmonary nodules were screened by the chest CT, and more than 95%of them were benign. Do not need to be too afraid, because no one knows how long this lung nodule has been in your lungs. "

Zhi Xiuyi said not to be anxious because of the lung nodules. Regular follow -up observation is the first. According to the doctor's order regular review and follow the doctor's order on time, the two are the key to discovering a small lung nodule suspected of early lung cancer in time. Of course, doctors are not generally generalized for all lung nodules, but will judge the danger according to the size of the nodule, the location of the nodule, the texture of the nodule, whether the edges have burrs, and the leaf. Do not wait for three months, six months, and one year. If the size is unchanged, the edges are clear, there is no burr, the texture is uniform, and there is no real change, the normal situation belongs to a benign nodule. After that, it can be reviewed during a healthy medical examination every year.

Zhi Xiuyi bluntly stated that the actual situation of the clinical clinical is: the doctor said that one year was resumed, and the patient came for half a year; the doctor said that half a year was reviewed and the doctor came in three months. One year, I always do a chest CT examination. At the same time, due to the lack of experience of young grass -roots doctors or patients who strongly require surgery based on panic psychology, some cases of over -diagnosis and treatment have occurred from time to time. Therefore, we hope that through the science science presence, let the people facing the sub -nodules and lung cancer correctly, reduce anxiety, and at the same time, through continuous updating the diagnosis and treatment guidelines, standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of subtraction, avoid one -size -fits -all, and avoid excessive diagnosis and treatment.

Rumor 01 will not get lung cancer without smoking

This is definitely wrong. First of all, it is certain that smoking people have a higher chance of lung disease, and the chance of lung cancer is higher than those who do not smoke. However, the lung cancer obtained by smoking people is not a pathological type with lung cancer without smoking. Little cell lung cancer and squamous carcinoma are closely related to the risk factors of smoking. Most of the lung adenocarcinoma occurs on female patients who do not smoke. Rumor 02 lung nodule is lung cancer, hurry up to surgery

It is not a sub -nodule in the lungs or lung cancer, a lung nodule with a diameter of less than two centimeters, which is a lung nodule. If it is the first time the lung nodules discovered by the chest CT, more than 95%are benign, don't rush to cut it. However, it is not equal to the non -removal. It is found that the chest nodules are found. The first thing we need to do is observation. The second step is to observe, and the third step is to observe. Look at the changes in small lung nodules through observations of more than 2-3 times. I also hope that there are people in the lungs to not panic.

Rumor 03 has lung cancer, and then quit smoking is not available

At any time, it is not too late to quit smoking, because lung cancer still has secondary primary cancer, lung cancer can still recur, lung cancer can also be metastasized. At present, we are not clear about the cause of lung cancer, but we can clearly tell everyone that smoking is an important risk factor for lung cancer. Not late at any time, not to mention that the smoking cessation is not just for lung cancer, other tumors and other diseases are closely related to smoking.

Rumor 04 lung cancer targeting drugs are good, and if you cannot use it, it means that there is no hope

This is not the case. In the past 20 years, targeted drugs have begun to have been in the treatment of lung cancer, but these targeted drugs all act on related targets and require conventional detection genes: if the patient has mutations in A target, use Class A targeting drugs; If the patient has a genetic mutation of the B target, use class B target medicine. Obopser treatment accounts for about 30-40%of our patients in patients with lung cancer, and about 50%of patients who do not have genetic mutations. Traditional treatment methods, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. still occupy a large proportion. We carried out different arms for different patients. Therefore, even if advanced lung cancer cannot be surgery, there is a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the combination of chemotherapy and immune, and the combination of chemotherapy and targeted drugs.

No matter what phase of the treatment of lung cancer, multi -disciplinary comprehensive treatment is needed. In the country, lung cancer centers and lung nodule diagnosis and treatment centers came into being. I hope to play the role of lung cancer centers in various places, play the role of multi -disciplinary teams, and cure patients with lung cancer and manage well.

Video source: Hangzhou Daily City News Center

Article Source: Zhizheng Zhejiang

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